| GMAT考试易错题（2019/3/5） |
| 第1题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. If you ask a person on the street to name the top predator in the sea, most people would probably say the great white shark.But they would be wrong.A、great white shark is a relentless eating machine, superbly designed for its role at the top of the food chain, but the fact is, when a great white shark meets a killer whale, the killer whale has lunch. Not bad for an animal that is neither a whale nor a killer. The killer whale, known to scientists as orcinus orca, is one of the largest, fastest, and most intelligent predators in the world’s oceans. The orca is not technically a whale, but rather the largest member of the dolphin family. The name "orca" has become the preferred name for the animal, because the name "killer whale" perpetuates the myth that orcas are dangerous to humans; in fact, there has never been a recorded incident of an orca attacking a human in the wilD、This is not to say, however, that orcas are not dangerous to other marine species. Orcas in the wild have been observed consuming an astonishing variety of marine species, including salmon, tuna, sharks, giant squid, penguins, sea lions, dolphins, and even other whales, which the orcas hold under water until they drown. It is thought that theEnglish name "killer whale" came from a mistranslation of the Spanish name asesina de ballenas, or "whale killer." Despite decades of study, many aspects of the creatures’ life cycle and habits remain mysteries.Biologists only recently determined that there are, broadly speaking, three separate types of killer whale: residents, transients, and off shores. The residents live in large pods of up to 40 animals and primarily eat fish; these axe the most social of the killer whale types, with each pod having distinctive songs and complex social interactions. Transients are much quieter animals who roam large distances in groups of two to six while hunting marine mammals such as sea lions and dolphins. It is the transients who earned the orca the reputation of being whale killers. The third type of orca is the offshore variety, which rarely ventures toward coasts. These poorly understood animals travel in large groups, are somewhat smaller than their coastal cousins, and are thought to eat fish, sharks, and squid, but probably not other mammals. Which of the following questions is most likely to represent one of the "mysteries" mentioned at the beginning of the third paragraph A、Do all orcas maintain the same diet, or do some specialize in certain types of prey B、Is the orca more closely related to whales or to dolphins C、Do different orca pods exhibit any form of organization in their whale songs D、Do orcas view swimming humans as a desirable source of food E、What is the average lifespan of an orca of the offshore variety |
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| 第2题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. One of the biggest questions facing the art world today is the dilemma over the repatriation of cultural treasures.Although the subject has not been widely noted by the general public, in recent decades museums and art dealers have repeatedly faced off against the representatives of nations and ethnic groups whose cultural legacies have been robbed by the rapacious collecting of these so-called art experts.Advocates of repatriation have argued that cultural treasures should be returned to their nations of origin, both because of basic fairness and because the artwork and cultural artifacts in question are best understood within their local context. Several prominent museums, most notably theBritish Museum in London and the Louvre in Paris, have defended themselves on the grounds that they can better protect and preserve these cultural treasures than can the developing nations and impoverished ethnic groups that frequently seek their return. They further argue that more people can see the treasures if they are proudly displayed in a major museum, as opposed to some poorly funded national museum in a backwater country; evidently, the quantity of viewers is more important than the relevance of the art and artifacts to the viewer. The arguments of the museum curators fall apart in an instance such as theElgin Marbles. These majestic marble sculptures, which once graced the Parthenon on theAcropolis inAthens, were stolen by LordElgin in the nineteenth century and given to theBritish Museum, which holds them to this day. The people ofAthens have built a beautiful, modern museum on theAcropolis to display theElgin Marbles and other treasures from the Greek cultural heritage, so there can be no valid argument that the Greeks are unable to house the sculptures properly. Furthermore, more people visit theAcropolis every day than visit theBritish Museum. The situation involving the repatriation of theElgin Marbles toAthens is most similar to which of the following A、A、NativeAmerican tribe in Oregon requests that a museum inChicago return some ceremonial masks that could help in fundraising efforts to build a proposed museum in Portlan D、 B、The nation of Peru in SouthAmerica threatens the nation ofEcuador with military action ifEcuador does not hand over various gold artifacts of the IncaEmpire, which originated in Peru. C、The NationalArcheology Museum ofCairo inEgypt requests that the Louvre return eight mummies from the time of Ramses the Great for theCairo Museum’s new exhibit hall dedicated to artifacts from Ramses’ court. D、The nation of Greece requests the nation of Turkey to provide Greek archeologists with flee access to ancient Greek sites on the Ionian coast of Turkey, and to transfer any cultural artifacts found there to the NationalArcheology Museum inAthens. E、A、museum inBaton Rouge, Louisiana, requests that the Texas History Museum inAustin, Texas, send the original "Lone Star" flag toBaton Rouge for a new exhibit entitled, "Texas: Our Neighbor to theEast.\ |
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| 第3题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Of all aspects of Indian culture, the caste system is perhaps the most bewildering to outsiders. For visitors unaccustomed to this system of hereditary social divisions, the complex and mostly unwritten rules governing whom a person can marry, what kind of work she can do, and even what kind of food she can eat may seem puzzling and mysterious. One reason for this confusion is that the concept of caste is actually divided into two separate but related concepts in Indian culture: varna and jati. Varna, which literally means "color," is the most basic social division. There are four varna: theBrahmans, the traditional priest class; the Kshatriya, the warrior class; the Vaishya, the skilled workers and merchants; and the Sudra, laborers whose role is to serve the three higher classes.Below the Sudra are a class known as the Untouchables, who technically fall outside of the varna system because they are supposedly "unclean" in a ritual sense. The Untouchables are the lowest class in India, but they make life possible for everyone else because they take care of the jobs that would "pollute" the higher classes, such as working with dead animals or cleaning sewage. The Indian statesman Mohandas Gandhi, in an effort to promote social equality, encouraged people to refer to Untouchables as the Harijan, which means "Children of Go D、" Each varna is then divided into hundreds or thousands of jati, a term that literally means "birth." The jati are kinship groups with hereditary roles and professions, such as leatherworker or brick-maker. Observant Hindus have traditionally married within their varna and jati. The origins of the caste system are obscure. The prevailing theory among anthropologists is that the Varna system emerged shortly after the so-calledAryan Invasion of the second millenniumB、 C、According to this theory, a population of Indo-European invaders conquered northern India around 1500B、 C、The Indo-Europeans placed themselves in the three highest rungs of societyBrahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishya), corresponding to the traditional division of Indo-European societies into priests, warriors, and commoners, while placing the conquered local populations into the worker classes of the Sudra and the Untouchables. This theory does not account for the jati system, however, which has parallels in no other Indo-European society. Most anthropologists suggest that the jati system predates the varna system, and that it might have originated in the Harappan civilization that prevailed in northern India prior to theAryan Invasion. According to the passage, the caste system would affect all except which of the following scenarios in a caste-observant Indian person’s life A、A、Brahman is having dinner with foreign visitors and is offered either a hamburger or a bowl of rice. B、AVaishya mother is considering which of the young women in the local town would make suitable marriage prospects for her son. C、Two Sudra teenagers engage in a foot race, and the younger of the two wins the race. D、A、40-year-old man from the Untouchable caste has moved from the countryside to a large city and must look for work in order to support his family. E、The home of a Kshatriya family is located near a city sewer line, which bursts one day and floods the family’s garage. |
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| 第4题：The following data sufficiency problems consist of a question and two statements, labeled (1) and (2), in which certain data are given. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question. Using the data given in the statements plus your knowledge of mathematics and everyday facts (such as the number of days in July or the meaning of counterclockwise), you must indicate whether A、 Statement (1)ALONE、is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. B、 Statement (2)ALONE、is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. C、BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statementALONE、is sufficient. D、EACH statementALONE、is sufficient. Ｅ. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. Do at least 20 percent of the people in country X who are over the age of 25 possess a college diploma (1) In country X, among the population over the age of 25, 26 percent of the male population and 16 percent of the female population possess college diplomas. (2) In country X, women account for 55 percent of the total population. |
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| 第5题：AftertheVietnamwarBettyeGranther,aU.S.Armynurse,continuedhereffortsonbehalfofinjuredVietnamesechildren,providingmedicalcare,helpingtoreuniteestrangedfamilies,andtheestablishmentofafundforthechildren'sfutureeducation.（） (A)theestablishmentofafundforthechildren'sfutureeducation (B)theestablishingofafundforthefutureeducationofchildren (C)establishingafundforthechildren'sfutureeducation (D)establishingafundforthechildrens'futureeducation (E)theestablishmentofafundforthechildrens'futureeducation |
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