GMAT考试易错题（2019/4/19）

第1题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Congressman Hastings has proposed thatCongress should abolish theElectoralCollege system for electing the president and replace it with a system of direct popular election. TheElectoralCollege system is flawed, he argues, because it runs directly counter to the democratic principle that every citizen’s vote should count equally. Because of the winner-take-all system in which the candidate who receives the most popular votes in a state receives all of that state’s electoral votes, the citizens who voted for the losing candidate are effectively disenfranchised from the national election, even if their candidate lost the state by only a handful of votes. Moreover, because each state’s number of electors is the same as its number of members ofCongress, the citizens of small states get a disproportionately larger vote than citizens of more populous states. In the 1988 election, for example, the combined voting-age population of the six least populous states--Alaska,Delaware, NorthDakota, SouthDakota, Vermont, and Wyoming--was 3,119,000. These six states held 21 electoral votes among them. Florida, with a voting-age population of 9,614,000, also had 21 electoral votes.Because of inequities of this nature, there have been four presidential elections in which the candidate who won theElectoralCollege actually lost the popular vote: 1824, 1876, 1888, and 2000. Congressman Markham has argued that Hastings’s proposed changes are unnecessary and even dangerous. First of all, he argues, theElectoralCollege system, whatever its flaws, has resulted in a stable democratic government for more than 200 years, which shows that it is doing something right. Second, the winner-take-all system helps create decisive majorities in theElectoralCollege, thereby reducing the problem of disputed elections that we might see in the event of direct popular elections. Third, the current system of allocating electors helps protect the interests of small states, which would be largely neglected in favor of large states if theElectoralCollege were based entirely on population. Protecting these states’ rights is essential to upholding the principle of federalism (in which the states and the federal government maintain distinct powers). When theElectoralCollege system was first formalized by the TwelfthAmendment in 1804, a direct popular vote would have been impossible to implement, and theElectoralCollege was probably the best way to approximate the will of the people.Advances in technology and communication, however, now mean that a direct popular vote would be as simple, if not simpler, to administer than the currentElectoralCollege system.Alternative ways to reform the system would be to do away with the winner-take-all system of state electors, to base the numbers of electors strictly on state populations, or to have a direct popular election but to weight the votes from different states differently in order to preserve the influence of small states. From the information provided in the paragraph, what can be inferred about the election of 1892 A、Its result was disputed on the grounds that smaller states had a disproportionate influence on the outcome. B、The winner of the election received more popular votes than his opponent. C、The winner-take-all system of state electoral votes led to a decisive majority for the winner in theElectoralCollege. D、Reforming theElectoralCollege system was an issue of contention in this election. E、This election led to the formalization of theElectoralCollege by the TwelfthAmendment.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题： A、dog enthusiast took home two puppies from the dog shelter. He fed one of the puppies super-premium canned dog food, while he fed the other a generic brand from the grocery store. The dog fed on the generic brand gained weight twice as fast as the dog fed the super-premium branD、Because of the difference in these results, the dog enthusiast concluded that the generic brand actually provided nutrition superior to that of the super-premium branD、 Each of the following, if true, would weaken the evidence for the dog enthusiast’s conclusion except for which of the following A、 A、dog will sometimes gain more weight when eating inferior-quality food because he must eat more of it to obtain the nutrients he needs. B、The dogs were of mixed breeds and appeared to be descended from dogs of different sizes. C、Both dogs ate all of the food given to them at each serving. D、The dog enthusiast did not give the two dogs equal amounts of their respective foods. E、The dog who received the super-premium dog food suffered from a digestive system disorder that hindered his growth.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：Read the argument and the instructions that follow it, and then make any notes that will help you plan your response. Write your response on a separate sheet of paper. If possible, type your essay on a word processor. The following statement appeared in a consumer magazine: A、fear of crime has led many homeowners to purchase monitored burglar alarm systems, but these people are wasting their money. The primary benefit of any burglar alarm system is one of deterrence, and this effect can be achieved just as well by having a sign in front of the house suggesting that the house is equipped with an alarm, whether or not the alarm system is monitored or even exists. Moreover, if a sign fails to deter burglars from entering a house, there is very little chance that the guards who monitor the alarm system will arrive at the home in time to catch the burglars, since the burglars will surely leave as soon as the alarm sounds. Therefore, while it makes sense to have a sign suggesting that a house has a monitored alarm, and it may make sense to have an audible alarm, there is no reason to pay the high monthly fee for a monitored system. Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument. In your discussion, be sure to analyze the line of reasoning and the use of evidence in the argument. For example, you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative examples or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion. You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument, what changes in the argument would make it more logically sound, and what, if anything, would help you better evaluate its conclusion.

【分析题】：

第4题：If △ and represent single digits in the correctly worked computation above, what is the value of △ times A、6 B、10 C、12 D、15 E、18

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：(23-1)(23+1)(26+1)(212+1)= A、(224-1) B、 (224-1) C、(248-1) D、(296+1) E、26(212-1)

【单选题】： A     B     C     D