GMAT考试易错题（2019/7/9）

第1题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. Congressman Hastings has proposed thatCongress should abolish theElectoralCollege system for electing the president and replace it with a system of direct popular election. TheElectoralCollege system is flawed, he argues, because it runs directly counter to the democratic principle that every citizen’s vote should count equally. Because of the winner-take-all system in which the candidate who receives the most popular votes in a state receives all of that state’s electoral votes, the citizens who voted for the losing candidate are effectively disenfranchised from the national election, even if their candidate lost the state by only a handful of votes. Moreover, because each state’s number of electors is the same as its number of members ofCongress, the citizens of small states get a disproportionately larger vote than citizens of more populous states. In the 1988 election, for example, the combined voting-age population of the six least populous states--Alaska,Delaware, NorthDakota, SouthDakota, Vermont, and Wyoming--was 3,119,000. These six states held 21 electoral votes among them. Florida, with a voting-age population of 9,614,000, also had 21 electoral votes.Because of inequities of this nature, there have been four presidential elections in which the candidate who won theElectoralCollege actually lost the popular vote: 1824, 1876, 1888, and 2000. Congressman Markham has argued that Hastings’s proposed changes are unnecessary and even dangerous. First of all, he argues, theElectoralCollege system, whatever its flaws, has resulted in a stable democratic government for more than 200 years, which shows that it is doing something right. Second, the winner-take-all system helps create decisive majorities in theElectoralCollege, thereby reducing the problem of disputed elections that we might see in the event of direct popular elections. Third, the current system of allocating electors helps protect the interests of small states, which would be largely neglected in favor of large states if theElectoralCollege were based entirely on population. Protecting these states’ rights is essential to upholding the principle of federalism (in which the states and the federal government maintain distinct powers). When theElectoralCollege system was first formalized by the TwelfthAmendment in 1804, a direct popular vote would have been impossible to implement, and theElectoralCollege was probably the best way to approximate the will of the people.Advances in technology and communication, however, now mean that a direct popular vote would be as simple, if not simpler, to administer than the currentElectoralCollege system.Alternative ways to reform the system would be to do away with the winner-take-all system of state electors, to base the numbers of electors strictly on state populations, or to have a direct popular election but to weight the votes from different states differently in order to preserve the influence of small states. The passage is primarily concerned with which of the following A、Evaluating the merits of theElectoralCollege system as a means of protecting federalism B、Examining the impact of the TwelfthAmendment on the history of theAmerican presidency C、Disputing the validity of theAmerican democratic process D、Presenting arguments regarding the best way to elect the president of the United States E、Comparing arguments regarding the nature of democratic processes

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：如图4—1，半圆ADB以C为圆心，半径为1，且CD⊥AB，分别延长BD和AD至E和F，使得圆弧AE和BF分别以B和A为圆心，则图中阴影部分的面积为()．

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：The following data sufficiency problems consist of a question and two statements, labeled (1) and (2), in which certain data are given. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question. Using the data given in the statements plus your knowledge of mathematics and everyday facts (such as the number of days in July or the meaning of counterclockwise), you must indicate whether A、Statement (1)ALONE、is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient. B、Statement (2)ALONE、is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient. C、BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statementALONE、is sufficient. D、EACH statementALONE、is sufficient. Ｅ. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient. If b＞a, then a is what percent of b (1) a=4 (2) b=4a

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. James Joyce revolutionized the novel, the short story, and modern literature as we know it. He was born inDublin, the first of 10 children in aCatholic family. His father was a civil servant whose poor financial judgment left the family impoverished for much of Joyce’s youth. Young James attendedDublin’s fine Jesuit schools, which gave him a firm grounding in theology and classical languages--subjects that appeared repeatedly in his later work. The story of his early life and his intellectual rebellion againstCatholicism and Irish nationalism are told in the largely autobiographical novelA、Portrait of theArtist as a Young Man. In 1902, at the age of 20, Joyce leftDublin to spend the rest of his life in Paris, Trieste, Rome, and Zurich, with only occasional visits back home.Despite this self-imposed exile,Dublin was the setting for most of his writings.Dubliners (1914), Joyce’s most accessible work, is a collection of short stories describing the paralyzing social mores of middle-classCatholic life. "TheDead," the final story in the collection, is frequently listed as one of the finest short stories ever written. Joyce’s next book, Ulysses, took seven years to write; once he finished writing it, he almost couldn’t find anyone to publish it. Upon the novel’s publication, both Ireland and the United States immediately banned it as obscene.Despite these obstacles, Ulysses has come to be generally recognized as the greatest twentieth-century novel written inEnglish. The novel was revolutionary in many ways. The structure was unique: Joyce recreated one rill day in the life of his protagonist, LeopoldBloom, and modeled the actions of the story on those of Ulysses in the Odyssey. In recountingBloom’s day, Joyce mentions everything that happens toBloom--including thoughts, bodily functions, and sexual acts--providing a level of physical actuality that had never before been achieved in literature. To provide a psychological insight comparable to the physical detail, Joyce employed a then-revolutionary technique called stream of consciousness, in which the protagonist’s thoughts are laid bare to the reader. From 1922 until 1939, joyce worked on a vast, experimental novel that eventually became known as Finnegan’s Wake. The novel, which recounts "the history of the world" through a family’s dreams, employs its own "night language" of puns, foreign words, and literary allusions. It has no clear chronology or plot, and it begins and ends on incomplete sentences that flow into each other. Many of Joyce’s supporters thought he was wasting his time on the project, although the playwright SamuelBeckett, who later won the Nobel Prize for Literature, helped Joyce compile the final text when his eyesight was failing. Today, Finnegan’s Wake is viewed as Joyce’s most obscure and possibly most Joyce’s works helped introduce all except which of the following literary elements into modernEnglish literature A、Narration through second-person address B、Novel structure based on real-time chronology C、Linguistic experimentation D、Literary realism concerning physical reality E、Stream of consciousness

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：If 35 percent of 400 is 20 percent of x, then x= A、200 B、350 C、7O0 D、900 E、1,400

【单选题】： A     B     C     D