【单选题】The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage.After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question.Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage.
Although hard statistics are difficult to come by, there is substantial anecdotal evidence that use of performance-enhancing drugs, or doping, is rampant in professional sports. Of perhaps greater significance to society are the estimated 1.5 million amateur athletes who use steroids, either to improve their appearance or to emulate the performance of their favorite professional athletes. This chemical epidemic is a pernicious threat to both the nation’s health and our collective sense of "fair play."
Nonprescription anabolic steroids have been illegal in the United States since 1991, and most professional sports leagues have banned them since the 1980s. These bans are partly a matter of fairness--a talented athlete trained to the peak of her ability simply cannot compete with an equivalent athlete using steroids--but also based on issues of health.Anabolic androgenic steroids ("anabolic" means that they build tissues; "androgenic" means that they increase masculine traits) have been linked to liver damage, kidney tumors, high blood pressure, balding, and acne. They function by increasing the body’s level of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. In men, this dramatic increase in testosterone can lead to the shrinking of testicles, infertility, and the development of breasts; in women, it can lead to the growth of facial hair and permanent damage to the reproductive system. Steroids have also been linked to a range of psychological problems, including depression and psychotic rage.
The punishments for getting caught using steroids are severe, and the serious health consequences are well documenteD、Despite this, millions of professional and amateur athletes continue to use performance-enhancing drugs. Why is this
One clear pattern is that many athletes will do whatever it takes to get an edge on the competition. Since the 1950s, Olympic athletes have played a cat-and-mouse game with OlympicCommittee officials to get away with doping, because the drugs really do work.Athletes who dope are simply stronger and faster than their competitors who play fair. Professional athletes in football and baseball have found that steroids and human growth hormone can give them the edge to score that extra touch-down or home run, and in the modern sports market, those results can translate into millions of dollars in salary. For the millions of less talented athletes in gyms and playing fields across the country, drugs seem like the only way to approach the abilities of their heroes in professional sports.
The other clear pattern, unfortunately, is that it has been all too easy for abusers to get away with it. Steroid abuse is often regarded as a "victimless crime." One of the favored ways to trick the testers is to use "designer" steroids. There are thousands of permutations of testosterone, such as THG, that can be produced in a laB、Chemists have discovered that they can create new drugs that produce androgenic effects but do not set off the standard doping tests. Other methods have been to use the steroids but stop a few weeks before testing, to use other chemicals to mask the traces of steroids, or to switch in a "clean" sample of urine at the testing site. Other athletes use steroid precursors, such as androstene-dione, that have androgenic effects similar to those of steroids but are not illegal because they are not technically steroids. The sad fact is that unless the government and professional sports organizations are willing to get tough on the steroid problem, the use of performance-enhancing dugs in sports is not going to enD、
According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the "designer"
Although hard statistics are difficult to come by, there is substantial anecdotal evidence that use of performance-enhancing drugs, or doping, is rampant in professional sports. Of perhaps greater significance to society are the estimated 1.5 million amateur athletes who use steroids, either to improve their appearance or to emulate the performance of their favorite professional athletes. This chemical epidemic is a pernicious threat to both the nation’s health and our collective sense of "fair play."
Nonprescription anabolic steroids have been illegal in the United States since 1991, and most professional sports leagues have banned them since the 1980s. These bans are partly a matter of fairness--a talented athlete trained to the peak of her ability simply cannot compete with an equivalent athlete using steroids--but also based on issues of health.Anabolic androgenic steroids ("anabolic" means that they build tissues; "androgenic" means that they increase masculine traits) have been linked to liver damage, kidney tumors, high blood pressure, balding, and acne. They function by increasing the body’s level of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. In men, this dramatic increase in testosterone can lead to the shrinking of testicles, infertility, and the development of breasts; in women, it can lead to the growth of facial hair and permanent damage to the reproductive system. Steroids have also been linked to a range of psychological problems, including depression and psychotic rage.
The punishments for getting caught using steroids are severe, and the serious health consequences are well documenteD、Despite this, millions of professional and amateur athletes continue to use performance-enhancing drugs. Why is this
One clear pattern is that many athletes will do whatever it takes to get an edge on the competition. Since the 1950s, Olympic athletes have played a cat-and-mouse game with OlympicCommittee officials to get away with doping, because the drugs really do work.Athletes who dope are simply stronger and faster than their competitors who play fair. Professional athletes in football and baseball have found that steroids and human growth hormone can give them the edge to score that extra touch-down or home run, and in the modern sports market, those results can translate into millions of dollars in salary. For the millions of less talented athletes in gyms and playing fields across the country, drugs seem like the only way to approach the abilities of their heroes in professional sports.
The other clear pattern, unfortunately, is that it has been all too easy for abusers to get away with it. Steroid abuse is often regarded as a "victimless crime." One of the favored ways to trick the testers is to use "designer" steroids. There are thousands of permutations of testosterone, such as THG, that can be produced in a laB、Chemists have discovered that they can create new drugs that produce androgenic effects but do not set off the standard doping tests. Other methods have been to use the steroids but stop a few weeks before testing, to use other chemicals to mask the traces of steroids, or to switch in a "clean" sample of urine at the testing site. Other athletes use steroid precursors, such as androstene-dione, that have androgenic effects similar to those of steroids but are not illegal because they are not technically steroids. The sad fact is that unless the government and professional sports organizations are willing to get tough on the steroid problem, the use of performance-enhancing dugs in sports is not going to enD、
According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the "designer"
【单选题】AutomotivE ACCiDEnts ArE onE oF thE lEADing CAusEs oF DEAth in ChilDrEn.ChilD sAFEty ADvoCAtEs ArguE thAt hArsh pEnAltiEs shoulD BE imposED on DrivErs who FAil to plACE ChilDrEn unDEr 30 pounDs in rEAr-FACing ChilDrEn’s sEAts in thE rEAr oF thE CAr whEnEvEr A CAr is in motion. suCh pEnAltiEs, thEy ArguE, will hElp sAvE ChilDrEn’s livEs.
All oF thE Following stAtEmEnts support thE ArgumEnt oF thE ChilD sAFEty ADvoCAtEs
ExCEpt:
A、thE rEAr sEAts oF A CAr ArE sAFEr For All pAssEngErs, Both ADults AnD ChilDrEn, in thE EvEnt oF An ACCiDEnt.
B、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn in rEAr-FACing sEAts hAvE BEEn shown to sustAin lEss sErious injuriEs in ACCiDEnts thAn ChilDrEn in Front-FACing sEAts.
C、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn unDEr 30 pounDs CAn sustAin sErious injuriEs in EvEn minor ACCiDEnts iF thEy ArE not propErly rEstrAinED、
D、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn BEtwEEn 60 AnD 90 pounDs ArE sAFEst in A CAr whEn using Both A sEAt BElt AnD A propErly sizED BoostEr sEAt.
E、somE DrivErs will not ABiDE By rEgulAtions unlEss thEy ArE ForCED to Do so By thE thrEAt oF hArsh pEnAltiEs.
All oF thE Following stAtEmEnts support thE ArgumEnt oF thE ChilD sAFEty ADvoCAtEs
ExCEpt:
A、thE rEAr sEAts oF A CAr ArE sAFEr For All pAssEngErs, Both ADults AnD ChilDrEn, in thE EvEnt oF An ACCiDEnt.
B、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn in rEAr-FACing sEAts hAvE BEEn shown to sustAin lEss sErious injuriEs in ACCiDEnts thAn ChilDrEn in Front-FACing sEAts.
C、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn unDEr 30 pounDs CAn sustAin sErious injuriEs in EvEn minor ACCiDEnts iF thEy ArE not propErly rEstrAinED、
D、stuDiEs hAvE shown thAt ChilDrEn BEtwEEn 60 AnD 90 pounDs ArE sAFEst in A CAr whEn using Both A sEAt BElt AnD A propErly sizED BoostEr sEAt.
E、somE DrivErs will not ABiDE By rEgulAtions unlEss thEy ArE ForCED to Do so By thE thrEAt oF hArsh pEnAltiEs.
【单选题】
A、moving CompAny ChArgEs A FlAt rAtE oF $550 For loADing its truCks AnD An ADDitionAl $20 pEr 1/5 milE For movEs within thE City. how muCh woulD A movE oF 2.8 milEs within thE City Cost
A、$690
B、$790
C、$830
D、$880
E、$1,010
A、moving CompAny ChArgEs A FlAt rAtE oF $550 For loADing its truCks AnD An ADDitionAl $20 pEr 1/5 milE For movEs within thE City. how muCh woulD A movE oF 2.8 milEs within thE City Cost
A、$690
B、$790
C、$830
D、$880
E、$1,010
【单选题】If 12 percent of x is 30 percent of 480, then x is
A、144
B、640
C、960
D、1,200
E、1,440
A、144
B、640
C、960
D、1,200
E、1,440
【单选题】The following questions present a sentence, part of which or all of which is underlineD、Beneath the sentence, you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. The first of these repeats the original; the other four are different. If you think the original is best, choose the first answer; otherwise choose one of the others.
These questions test correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer, follow the requirements of standard writtenEnglish; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and sentence construction.Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error.
In winning the 1998 KentuckyDerby, Swiftilocks showed a burst of speed as that of Man o’ War, who won 20 of 21 races in 1919 and 1920.
A、as that of Man o’ War, who won
B、not unlike that of Man o’ War, who won
C、not unlike Man o’ War, who won
D、like that of Man o’ War for winning
E、like Man o’ War and his winning
These questions test correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing your answer, follow the requirements of standard writtenEnglish; that is, pay attention to grammar, choice of words, and sentence construction.Choose the answer that produces the most effective sentence; this answer should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity, redundancy, or grammatical error.
In winning the 1998 KentuckyDerby, Swiftilocks showed a burst of speed as that of Man o’ War, who won 20 of 21 races in 1919 and 1920.
A、as that of Man o’ War, who won
B、not unlike that of Man o’ War, who won
C、not unlike Man o’ War, who won
D、like that of Man o’ War for winning
E、like Man o’ War and his winning
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