| GRE考试易错题（2019/8/28） |
| 第1题：Enlightenment thinkers ------- faith in the abilities of mankind to uncover and solve pressing problems of the time, and thus they believe that human beings are ------- creatures, capable of employing reason and logic. A．readdress... mercurial B．posit ... duplicitous C．maintain... rational D．absorb... Jovian E．(E) hold... purist |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第2题：Of the 197 million square miles making up the surface of the globe, 71 percent is covered by the interconnecting bodies of marine water; the Line Pacific Ocean alone covers half theEarth and (5) averages nearly 14,000 feet in depth. The continents-Eurasia,Africa, NorthAmerica, SouthAmerica,Australia, andAntarctica—are the portions of the continental masses rising above sea level. The submerged borders of the continental (10) masses are the continental shelves, beyond which lie the deepsea basins. The oceans attain their greatest depths not in their central parts, but in certain elongated fur- rows, or long narrow troughs, called deeps. These (15) profound troughs have a peripheral arrangement, notably around the borders of the Pacific and Indian oceans. The position of the deeps near the continental masses suggests that the deeps, like the highest mountains, are of recent origin, since (20) otherwise they would have been filled with waste from the lands. This suggestion is strengthened by the fact that the deeps are frequently the sites of world-shaking earthquakes. For example, the "tidal wave" that inApril, 1946, caused wide- (25) spread destruction along Pacific coasts resulted from a strong earthquake on the floor of the AleutianDeep. The topography of the ocean floors is none too well known, since in great areas the available (30) soundings are hundreds or even thousands of miles apart. However, the floor of theAtlantic is becoming fairly well known as a result of special surveys since 1920.A、broad, well-defined ridge—the Mid-Atlantic ridge—runs north and (35) south betweenAfrica and the twoAmericas, and numerous other major irregularities diversify the Atlantic floor.Closely spaced soundings show that many parts of the oceanic floors are as rugged as mountainous regions of the continents. (40) Use of the recently perfected method of echo sounding is rapidly enlarging our knowledge of submarine topography.During World War Ⅱ great strides were made in mapping submarine surfaces, particularly in many parts of the vast (45) Pacific basin. The continents stand on the average 2870 feet—slightly more than half a mile—above sea level. NorthAmerica averages 2300 feet;Europe averages only 1150 feet; andAsia, the highest (50) of the larger continental subdivisions, averages 3200 feet. The highest point on the globe, Mount Everest in the Himalayas, is 29,000 feet above the sea; and as the greatest known depth in the sea is over 35,000 feet, the maximum relief (that is, (55) the difference in altitude between the lowest and highest points) exceeds 64,000 feet, or exceeds 12 miles. The continental masses and the deep-sea basins are relief features of the first order; the deeps, ridges, and volcanic cones that diversify (60) the sea floor, as well as the plains, plateaus, and mountains of the continents, are relief features of the second order. The lands are unendingly sub- ject to a complex of activities summarized in the term erosion, which first sculptures them in great (65) detail and then tends to reduce them ultimately to sea level. The modeling of the landscape by weather, running water, and other agents is appar- ent to the keenly observant eye and causes think- ing people to speculate on what must be the final (70) result of the ceaseless wearing down of the land |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第3题： SCRIBBLE: DRAW :: A．(A) imply: suggest B．(B) quibble: evade C．(C) harmonize: play D．(D) chisel: engrave E．(E) babble: speak |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第4题：Are responses to odors acquired as a function of the emotional context in which they are initially perceived Researchers recently conducted a study in which a novel odor was paired with either a positive or negative emotional experience. Ratings associated with the test odor varied in accordance with the paired emotion, such that the odor was perceived as either congenial or noisome, depending upon the quality of paired experience the participant haD、 Olfactory sensory attributes may produce an unlearned impact when odors are irritating; in these cases discomfort is experienced simultaneously to odor sensation, an event occurring when stimulation of the trigeminal nerve occurs coterminous with olfactory sensation. Many odors elicit trigeminal stimulation to varying degrees, so that the subjective distinction between pure odor and trigeminal irritation is not possible to make, though scientists have precipitously ventured to suggest methods. While these cases may help explain why one may be immediately repelled by a certain scent, they unfortunately do not allow most scientists to establish which smells trigger innate reactions. According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the role of the trigeminal nerve in the experience of odors A、The trigeminal nerve plays a much more significant role in the experience of an irritating odor than does actual olfactory sensation itself. B．The trigeminal nerve produces a negative experience of an irritating odor independently of the emotional context in which the odor was initially perceiveD、 C．The trigeminal nerve tends to cause an experience of discomfort in the cases of odors that are initially paired with negative emotional experiences. D．The functioning of the trigeminal nerve tends to be largely conditioned according to the pairing process simulated in the experiment. E．The trigeminal nerve generally does not play a role in the experiencing of odors that create innate reactions. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第5题：Previous research has established the lupine wolf as the ------- of the modern canine, but when and where humans first domesticated the former into the latter remains unclear. A．competitor B．ally C．scion D．prey E．(E) progenitor |
| 【单选题】： |