【分析解答题】Cereal stocks to decline again in 2003/04
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks
【分析解答题】Stumped RawalpindiHe has a normal head, but nestling between his massive shoulders it seems small. He is ShoaibAkhtar, "the RawalpindiExpress", the fastest recorded bowler of a cricket ball in history.And right now, before a small but baying crowd at the RawalpindiCricket Ground, he is steaming towards this correspondent. From 22 yards, Mr.Akhtar launches into the weirdly beautiful contortion that fast bowlers perform to hurl a six-ounce lump of cork and leather at up to 100mph. Half a second later, the ball demolishes the stumps.For over two centuries, cricket has been played according to a largely unwritten code of honour for the practical reason that its laws are too complicated for officials to enforce to the reality.But technology has been rewriting the old etiquette.And according to some recent research, one of cricket’’s most basic laws is untenable, and now the game is in turmoil. According to law 24. 3, bowlers may not straighten their arm in the final act of delivering the ball. This leads to Mr.Akhtar’’s brutal run-up and elaborate action as alternative means of generating pace on the ball. The centrality of law 24.3 to cricket — and the virtual impossibility of policing it — is reflected in the game’’s etiquette. To accuse a bowler of throwing the ball is one of the gravest insults in the game; yet now such accusations are flying thick and fast.Mr.Akhtar, the first man to bowl a delivery timed at 100mph, is one of a number of modern stars recently reported with "suspect actions". These rulings followed research into biomechanics that match officials had hoped would vindicate their decision.The University of WesternAustralia’’s School of Human Movement has been investigating cricket biomechanics.In 2003, a study by Marc Portus, at theAustralian Institute of Sport inCanberra, filmed a number of fast bowlers in action using a dozen cameras recording 250 frames per secon
D、They showed that virtually all bowlers straighten their arm, or throw, to some extent. Mr.Akhtar flexes his arm more than most only because he is extremely double-jointe
D、And to confuse matters further, a brilliant Sri Lankan spin bowler, Muttiah Muralitharan bowls with a crooked arm only because a congenital condition prevents him straightening it fully.In an effort to restore sanity to matters, bowlers are now allowed a varying margin for error depending on the pace at which they bowl. Thus, fast bowlers are legally allowed to straighten their arm by 10°, medium pacers by 7.5° and slow bowlers by 5°.But even this innovation has been rapidly undone. Last month, for the third time in his illustrious career, and even though poised to break the all-time wicket-taking record, Mr. Muralitharan was reported with a suspect action. Though Mr. Muralitharan was previously cleared by biomechanics, anEnglish match official questioned the legality of a wicked addition to his armoury of top-spinners, off-spinners and leg-spinners. It is nicknamed the "doosra", which in Hindi or Urdu means "second" or "other". Here the ball is delivered with a huge flick of Mr. Muralitharan’’s rubbery wrists and, according to many observers, a flexing of his elbow. Subsequent testing showed that Mr. Muralitharan flexes his arm by more than 10° when bowling the doosra, and the delivery could be banne
D、Sri Lanka, where Mr. Muralitharan is revered, is now seething while manyAustralians, who have long reviled him as a "chucker", are crowing. Should they pause for air, they would hear their own scientists cry foul. Last week, the scientists who tested Mr. Muralitharan admitted that they actually did not know much about the mechanics of spin bowling, and that he should receive no censure. When it comes to cricket, science may be stumpe
D、 the first man to bowl a delivery timed at lOOmph
D、They showed that virtually all bowlers straighten their arm, or throw, to some extent. Mr.Akhtar flexes his arm more than most only because he is extremely double-jointe
D、And to confuse matters further, a brilliant Sri Lankan spin bowler, Muttiah Muralitharan bowls with a crooked arm only because a congenital condition prevents him straightening it fully.In an effort to restore sanity to matters, bowlers are now allowed a varying margin for error depending on the pace at which they bowl. Thus, fast bowlers are legally allowed to straighten their arm by 10°, medium pacers by 7.5° and slow bowlers by 5°.But even this innovation has been rapidly undone. Last month, for the third time in his illustrious career, and even though poised to break the all-time wicket-taking record, Mr. Muralitharan was reported with a suspect action. Though Mr. Muralitharan was previously cleared by biomechanics, anEnglish match official questioned the legality of a wicked addition to his armoury of top-spinners, off-spinners and leg-spinners. It is nicknamed the "doosra", which in Hindi or Urdu means "second" or "other". Here the ball is delivered with a huge flick of Mr. Muralitharan’’s rubbery wrists and, according to many observers, a flexing of his elbow. Subsequent testing showed that Mr. Muralitharan flexes his arm by more than 10° when bowling the doosra, and the delivery could be banne
D、Sri Lanka, where Mr. Muralitharan is revered, is now seething while manyAustralians, who have long reviled him as a "chucker", are crowing. Should they pause for air, they would hear their own scientists cry foul. Last week, the scientists who tested Mr. Muralitharan admitted that they actually did not know much about the mechanics of spin bowling, and that he should receive no censure. When it comes to cricket, science may be stumpe
D、 the first man to bowl a delivery timed at lOOmph
【分析解答题】Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE、THAN ONE、WORD、from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet.
Soon after arriving at a ______ in their lives, people become accustomed to what they have achieved and have a sense that they are lacking something.
Choose NO MORE、THAN ONE、WORD、from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet.
Soon after arriving at a ______ in their lives, people become accustomed to what they have achieved and have a sense that they are lacking something.
【单选题】The lessons of state failureTraditional diplomacy deals with risks of conflict between nation-states. These risks are of course still present, but a more pervasive danger is that states will simply collapse. Of a dozen or so conflicts inAfrica in recent years, few, if any, have involved cross-border aggression. Instead, bankrupt and impoverished states have imploded, the vacuum filled not by regimes with newly consolidated power but by brutal violence engulfing civilians. The disaster then fans out to neighboring countries, and eventually much farther a fielD、
A、special "task force on state failure" set up byAmerica’’sCI
A、has found that three variables are most predictive of state stability or instability: the openness of the economy; democracy; and infant mortality. In sub-SaharanAfrica, where much of the population lives on the edge of subsistence, poverty and slow economic growth, or outright decline, increased the likelihood of future state collapse, thereby trapping the countries in a vicious circle of poverty and political instability. Rich countries, on the other hand, tend to maintain political stability which, in turn, promotes further economic development.When countries were classified in 1990 by their status in the United Nations HumanDevelopment Index (an index of income, literacy and health), high-development countries achieved robust and stable economic growth during 1990-98, with average growth rates of around 2. 3% a year and with 35 out of 36 countries enjoying rising living standards. Middle-development countries achieved a slightly lower growth rate, 1. 9% a year, but 7 out of 34 countries experienced outright declines in living standards. The poorest countries averaged no economic growth at all, with 15 out of 39 experiencing falling living standards. The flip-side to the poverty trap, however, is that the gains of development tend to be sustained, once countries break through to sufficient levels of income, health and literacy. Conservatives inAmerica often ask why it matters if an impoverished country collapses. The answer is that, aside from humanitarian concerns, crises in such far away places often suck the United States into crisis as well. Since 1960,America has been dragged into military conflicts inCuba, Thailand, Laos,Congo, Vietnam, theDominican Republic,Cambodia,Cyprus, Lebanon, Zaire,El Salvador, Libya, Lebanon, Honduras, Nicaragua,Chad, Liberia,Bosnia, Somalia and, more recently, Kosovo andColombi
A、State failures, or even milder state instability, have also underminedAmerican and global interests through globally transmitted financial crises, drug-trafficking, money-laundering, terrorism, the spread of diseases such asAIDS and mass refugee flows. On the positive side, sustained economic development would create new and potentially large gains from trade, as well as much-needed cooperation in science and culture. Even when a problem is correctly identified, there is a stunning disconnect between risk and action inAmerica’’s foreign economic policy. The globalAIDS epidemic, for example, has recently and wisely been identified as a risk to the security of the United States. What action has been taken President GeorgeBush has called uponAmericans to give just $ 200 million, or 70 cents each, to the new global fund to fight the disease.The failure to make even basic investments in foreign policy has been pervasive, and the examples are legion.Eleven years ago, the last prime minister of unified Yugoslavia,Ante Markovic, launched a last-ditch plan for economic stabilization. He appealed toEurope and the United States for a reduction in debt-servicing and other modest financial support, but was turned down by the creditor governments.Economic stabilisation was undermined, and this helped Slobodan Milosovic to get the upper hanD、 The rest, as they say, is history.In the past two yearsAmerica andEuropean countries have made the same mis
A、special "task force on state failure" set up byAmerica’’sCI
A、has found that three variables are most predictive of state stability or instability: the openness of the economy; democracy; and infant mortality. In sub-SaharanAfrica, where much of the population lives on the edge of subsistence, poverty and slow economic growth, or outright decline, increased the likelihood of future state collapse, thereby trapping the countries in a vicious circle of poverty and political instability. Rich countries, on the other hand, tend to maintain political stability which, in turn, promotes further economic development.When countries were classified in 1990 by their status in the United Nations HumanDevelopment Index (an index of income, literacy and health), high-development countries achieved robust and stable economic growth during 1990-98, with average growth rates of around 2. 3% a year and with 35 out of 36 countries enjoying rising living standards. Middle-development countries achieved a slightly lower growth rate, 1. 9% a year, but 7 out of 34 countries experienced outright declines in living standards. The poorest countries averaged no economic growth at all, with 15 out of 39 experiencing falling living standards. The flip-side to the poverty trap, however, is that the gains of development tend to be sustained, once countries break through to sufficient levels of income, health and literacy. Conservatives inAmerica often ask why it matters if an impoverished country collapses. The answer is that, aside from humanitarian concerns, crises in such far away places often suck the United States into crisis as well. Since 1960,America has been dragged into military conflicts inCuba, Thailand, Laos,Congo, Vietnam, theDominican Republic,Cambodia,Cyprus, Lebanon, Zaire,El Salvador, Libya, Lebanon, Honduras, Nicaragua,Chad, Liberia,Bosnia, Somalia and, more recently, Kosovo andColombi
A、State failures, or even milder state instability, have also underminedAmerican and global interests through globally transmitted financial crises, drug-trafficking, money-laundering, terrorism, the spread of diseases such asAIDS and mass refugee flows. On the positive side, sustained economic development would create new and potentially large gains from trade, as well as much-needed cooperation in science and culture. Even when a problem is correctly identified, there is a stunning disconnect between risk and action inAmerica’’s foreign economic policy. The globalAIDS epidemic, for example, has recently and wisely been identified as a risk to the security of the United States. What action has been taken President GeorgeBush has called uponAmericans to give just $ 200 million, or 70 cents each, to the new global fund to fight the disease.The failure to make even basic investments in foreign policy has been pervasive, and the examples are legion.Eleven years ago, the last prime minister of unified Yugoslavia,Ante Markovic, launched a last-ditch plan for economic stabilization. He appealed toEurope and the United States for a reduction in debt-servicing and other modest financial support, but was turned down by the creditor governments.Economic stabilisation was undermined, and this helped Slobodan Milosovic to get the upper hanD、 The rest, as they say, is history.In the past two yearsAmerica andEuropean countries have made the same mis
【单选题】Questions 22-26
Classify the. following groups of people according to whether they believe
A.Supplementation may have a positive effect.
B.Supplementation may have a negative effect.
C.Supplementation has no effect.
Write the correct letter A,B、or C, in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet.
The United StatesDepartment of Health and Human Services
Classify the. following groups of people according to whether they believe
A.Supplementation may have a positive effect.
B.Supplementation may have a negative effect.
C.Supplementation has no effect.
Write the correct letter A,B、or C, in boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet.
The United StatesDepartment of Health and Human Services
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