【单选题】quEstion 1
ChoosE thE CorrECt lEttEr, A, B or C.
A.stuDEnt FlAt.
B.loCAl musEum.
C.privAtE hous
ChoosE thE CorrECt lEttEr, A, B or C.
A.stuDEnt FlAt.
B.loCAl musEum.
C.privAtE hous
【分析解答题】Until 1850 most of the settlers came from ______.
【分析解答题】Cereal stocks to decline again in 2003/04
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks PartA
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks PartA
【分析解答题】
A、serious contest
A、 Like the combatants in a beat-me-up video game, the makers of videogames consoles do battle in orderly rounds, one of which occurs every five or six years. The current round began in 2000, when Sony launched PlayStation 2. In 2001 Nintendo, the firm that once ruled the industry, launched the GameCube, and Microsoft made its first foray into the cut-throat market with the Xbox. Four years on, Sony is the clear winner, with sales of 70 million consoles, followed by Microsoft with 14 million and Nintendo with 13 million.Next week, the industry’’s biggest trade show,E3, which takes place in LosAngeles, will provide the first glimpses of the next roun
D、It is expected to be a brutal two-way fight. For, after a difficult start, Microsoft has now established itself as Sony’’s main rival, and is gaining momentum. Most important, it has won the crucial support of games publishers, says Nick Gibson of Games Investor, a consultancy. That means Microsoft will "pretty much be neck and neck with Sony" in the next roun
D、Nintendo, by contrast, has been less successful at keeping publishers on board, and has survived thanks only to the strength of its in-house software business.B、 Xbox Live, Microsoft’’s subscription-based online-gaming service, has also been well receive
D、It provides features, such as global player rankings, that Sony cannot match.And although online gaming is still a minority sport, it is expected to be far more significant in the next round, as broadband connections and wireless home networks become more widesprea
D、By signing up customers for Xbox Live now, Microsoft hopes to retain their loyalty into the next roun
D、But perhaps cleverest of all is Microsoft’’s new software-development platform for games, called XNA, a set of software tools that can be used to write games for PCs, Xbox and the forthcoming Xbox 2.According to RobbieBach, Microsoft’’s "chief Xbox officer", insulating programmers from the underlying complexity of the console hardware "creates huge cost efficiency and flexibility. " While Microsoft will probably not unveil the Xbox 2 atE3, says P.J. McNealy, an analyst atAmerican Technology Research, the XN
A、tools will enable the firm to demonstrate the kind of things that will be possible on Xbox 2 when it appears.C、 The contrast with Sony is striking. While Microsoft is focusing on software, Sony is emphasizing hardware innovation for its PlayStation 3. Its plan, which it has yet to describe fully, is to use a new kind of chip, calledCell, as the basis for both the PlayStation 3 and its consumer-electronics devices, such asDV
D、players. With multipleCell chips working in parallel, the PlayStation 3 will be a powerful machine.But its radical new architecture will require games programmers to start from scratch. In the meantime, Sony is trying to keep developers focused on the PlayStation 2.
D、 Microsoft senses an opportunity. It is widely expected to steal a march on Sony by launching the Xbox 2 towards the end of next year, kicking off the next round before Sony is ready. "Microsoft has taken the gloves off," says Mr. McNealy. The PlayStation 3 is not expected until early 2006, and even then only in Japan; analysts do not expect the worldwide launch until late 2006. (Nintendo’’s successor to the GameCube is also expected in 2006.) Last time around, Sony’’s 18-month head start and Microsoft’’s status as the industry’’s newcomer meant that the Xbox never had a chance of catching up with PlayStation 2; it was always going to be just a trial run for Microsoft.But now Sony and Microsoft look evenly matched — and the battle can begin in earnest.Questions 17-20 Below is a list of headings, choose the most suitable choices for partsA~D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of Headingi. Sony fo
A、serious contest
A、 Like the combatants in a beat-me-up video game, the makers of videogames consoles do battle in orderly rounds, one of which occurs every five or six years. The current round began in 2000, when Sony launched PlayStation 2. In 2001 Nintendo, the firm that once ruled the industry, launched the GameCube, and Microsoft made its first foray into the cut-throat market with the Xbox. Four years on, Sony is the clear winner, with sales of 70 million consoles, followed by Microsoft with 14 million and Nintendo with 13 million.Next week, the industry’’s biggest trade show,E3, which takes place in LosAngeles, will provide the first glimpses of the next roun
D、It is expected to be a brutal two-way fight. For, after a difficult start, Microsoft has now established itself as Sony’’s main rival, and is gaining momentum. Most important, it has won the crucial support of games publishers, says Nick Gibson of Games Investor, a consultancy. That means Microsoft will "pretty much be neck and neck with Sony" in the next roun
D、Nintendo, by contrast, has been less successful at keeping publishers on board, and has survived thanks only to the strength of its in-house software business.B、 Xbox Live, Microsoft’’s subscription-based online-gaming service, has also been well receive
D、It provides features, such as global player rankings, that Sony cannot match.And although online gaming is still a minority sport, it is expected to be far more significant in the next round, as broadband connections and wireless home networks become more widesprea
D、By signing up customers for Xbox Live now, Microsoft hopes to retain their loyalty into the next roun
D、But perhaps cleverest of all is Microsoft’’s new software-development platform for games, called XNA, a set of software tools that can be used to write games for PCs, Xbox and the forthcoming Xbox 2.According to RobbieBach, Microsoft’’s "chief Xbox officer", insulating programmers from the underlying complexity of the console hardware "creates huge cost efficiency and flexibility. " While Microsoft will probably not unveil the Xbox 2 atE3, says P.J. McNealy, an analyst atAmerican Technology Research, the XN
A、tools will enable the firm to demonstrate the kind of things that will be possible on Xbox 2 when it appears.C、 The contrast with Sony is striking. While Microsoft is focusing on software, Sony is emphasizing hardware innovation for its PlayStation 3. Its plan, which it has yet to describe fully, is to use a new kind of chip, calledCell, as the basis for both the PlayStation 3 and its consumer-electronics devices, such asDV
D、players. With multipleCell chips working in parallel, the PlayStation 3 will be a powerful machine.But its radical new architecture will require games programmers to start from scratch. In the meantime, Sony is trying to keep developers focused on the PlayStation 2.
D、 Microsoft senses an opportunity. It is widely expected to steal a march on Sony by launching the Xbox 2 towards the end of next year, kicking off the next round before Sony is ready. "Microsoft has taken the gloves off," says Mr. McNealy. The PlayStation 3 is not expected until early 2006, and even then only in Japan; analysts do not expect the worldwide launch until late 2006. (Nintendo’’s successor to the GameCube is also expected in 2006.) Last time around, Sony’’s 18-month head start and Microsoft’’s status as the industry’’s newcomer meant that the Xbox never had a chance of catching up with PlayStation 2; it was always going to be just a trial run for Microsoft.But now Sony and Microsoft look evenly matched — and the battle can begin in earnest.Questions 17-20 Below is a list of headings, choose the most suitable choices for partsA~D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of Headingi. Sony fo
【分析解答题】
A、serious contest
A、 Like the combatants in a beat-me-up video game, the makers of videogames consoles do battle in orderly rounds, one of which occurs every five or six years. The current round began in 2000, when Sony launched PlayStation 2. In 2001 Nintendo, the firm that once ruled the industry, launched the GameCube, and Microsoft made its first foray into the cut-throat market with the Xbox. Four years on, Sony is the clear winner, with sales of 70 million consoles, followed by Microsoft with 14 million and Nintendo with 13 million.Next week, the industry’’s biggest trade show,E3, which takes place in LosAngeles, will provide the first glimpses of the next roun
D、It is expected to be a brutal two-way fight. For, after a difficult start, Microsoft has now established itself as Sony’’s main rival, and is gaining momentum. Most important, it has won the crucial support of games publishers, says Nick Gibson of Games Investor, a consultancy. That means Microsoft will "pretty much be neck and neck with Sony" in the next roun
D、Nintendo, by contrast, has been less successful at keeping publishers on board, and has survived thanks only to the strength of its in-house software business.B、 Xbox Live, Microsoft’’s subscription-based online-gaming service, has also been well receive
D、It provides features, such as global player rankings, that Sony cannot match.And although online gaming is still a minority sport, it is expected to be far more significant in the next round, as broadband connections and wireless home networks become more widesprea
D、By signing up customers for Xbox Live now, Microsoft hopes to retain their loyalty into the next roun
D、But perhaps cleverest of all is Microsoft’’s new software-development platform for games, called XNA, a set of software tools that can be used to write games for PCs, Xbox and the forthcoming Xbox 2.According to RobbieBach, Microsoft’’s "chief Xbox officer", insulating programmers from the underlying complexity of the console hardware "creates huge cost efficiency and flexibility. " While Microsoft will probably not unveil the Xbox 2 atE3, says P.J. McNealy, an analyst atAmerican Technology Research, the XN
A、tools will enable the firm to demonstrate the kind of things that will be possible on Xbox 2 when it appears.C、 The contrast with Sony is striking. While Microsoft is focusing on software, Sony is emphasizing hardware innovation for its PlayStation 3. Its plan, which it has yet to describe fully, is to use a new kind of chip, calledCell, as the basis for both the PlayStation 3 and its consumer-electronics devices, such asDV
D、players. With multipleCell chips working in parallel, the PlayStation 3 will be a powerful machine.But its radical new architecture will require games programmers to start from scratch. In the meantime, Sony is trying to keep developers focused on the PlayStation 2.
D、 Microsoft senses an opportunity. It is widely expected to steal a march on Sony by launching the Xbox 2 towards the end of next year, kicking off the next round before Sony is ready. "Microsoft has taken the gloves off," says Mr. McNealy. The PlayStation 3 is not expected until early 2006, and even then only in Japan; analysts do not expect the worldwide launch until late 2006. (Nintendo’’s successor to the GameCube is also expected in 2006.) Last time around, Sony’’s 18-month head start and Microsoft’’s status as the industry’’s newcomer meant that the Xbox never had a chance of catching up with PlayStation 2; it was always going to be just a trial run for Microsoft.But now Sony and Microsoft look evenly matched — and the battle can begin in earnest.Questions 17-20 Below is a list of headings, choose the most suitable choices for partsA~D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of Headingi. Sony fo
A、serious contest
A、 Like the combatants in a beat-me-up video game, the makers of videogames consoles do battle in orderly rounds, one of which occurs every five or six years. The current round began in 2000, when Sony launched PlayStation 2. In 2001 Nintendo, the firm that once ruled the industry, launched the GameCube, and Microsoft made its first foray into the cut-throat market with the Xbox. Four years on, Sony is the clear winner, with sales of 70 million consoles, followed by Microsoft with 14 million and Nintendo with 13 million.Next week, the industry’’s biggest trade show,E3, which takes place in LosAngeles, will provide the first glimpses of the next roun
D、It is expected to be a brutal two-way fight. For, after a difficult start, Microsoft has now established itself as Sony’’s main rival, and is gaining momentum. Most important, it has won the crucial support of games publishers, says Nick Gibson of Games Investor, a consultancy. That means Microsoft will "pretty much be neck and neck with Sony" in the next roun
D、Nintendo, by contrast, has been less successful at keeping publishers on board, and has survived thanks only to the strength of its in-house software business.B、 Xbox Live, Microsoft’’s subscription-based online-gaming service, has also been well receive
D、It provides features, such as global player rankings, that Sony cannot match.And although online gaming is still a minority sport, it is expected to be far more significant in the next round, as broadband connections and wireless home networks become more widesprea
D、By signing up customers for Xbox Live now, Microsoft hopes to retain their loyalty into the next roun
D、But perhaps cleverest of all is Microsoft’’s new software-development platform for games, called XNA, a set of software tools that can be used to write games for PCs, Xbox and the forthcoming Xbox 2.According to RobbieBach, Microsoft’’s "chief Xbox officer", insulating programmers from the underlying complexity of the console hardware "creates huge cost efficiency and flexibility. " While Microsoft will probably not unveil the Xbox 2 atE3, says P.J. McNealy, an analyst atAmerican Technology Research, the XN
A、tools will enable the firm to demonstrate the kind of things that will be possible on Xbox 2 when it appears.C、 The contrast with Sony is striking. While Microsoft is focusing on software, Sony is emphasizing hardware innovation for its PlayStation 3. Its plan, which it has yet to describe fully, is to use a new kind of chip, calledCell, as the basis for both the PlayStation 3 and its consumer-electronics devices, such asDV
D、players. With multipleCell chips working in parallel, the PlayStation 3 will be a powerful machine.But its radical new architecture will require games programmers to start from scratch. In the meantime, Sony is trying to keep developers focused on the PlayStation 2.
D、 Microsoft senses an opportunity. It is widely expected to steal a march on Sony by launching the Xbox 2 towards the end of next year, kicking off the next round before Sony is ready. "Microsoft has taken the gloves off," says Mr. McNealy. The PlayStation 3 is not expected until early 2006, and even then only in Japan; analysts do not expect the worldwide launch until late 2006. (Nintendo’’s successor to the GameCube is also expected in 2006.) Last time around, Sony’’s 18-month head start and Microsoft’’s status as the industry’’s newcomer meant that the Xbox never had a chance of catching up with PlayStation 2; it was always going to be just a trial run for Microsoft.But now Sony and Microsoft look evenly matched — and the battle can begin in earnest.Questions 17-20 Below is a list of headings, choose the most suitable choices for partsA~D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of Headingi. Sony fo
【分析解答题】
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【分析解答题】Cereal stocks to decline again in 2003/04
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks
A、 6April 2004, Rome-Global cereal stocks will fall sharply again by the end of the 2003/2004 season, FAO said today. The forecast came in the UN food agency’’s Food Outlook, a publication of the Global Information andEarly Warning System.Closing inventories are expected to be down by 89 million tonnes, or 18 percent from their opening levels.The anticipated sharp decline in cereal stocks from the previous season would be mainly due toChina, although substantial reductions are also anticipated in India, Russia, Ukraine and theEuropean Union, mostly driven by the reductions in their 2003 cereal production, says the report.
B、 However, the report says world cereal production in 2004 is forecast to increase to 2,130 million tonnes, some 2 percent up on last year and 3 percent above the average of the past five years and that could help alleviate the tight global supply situation in the new 2004/2005 season.The bulk of the cereals increase is expected in wheat, although rice output is also seen to rise significantly.By contrast, coarse grains production could decrease marginally. The report emphasizes, however, that this first forecast, especially for rice and coarse grains, is tentative and assumes normal weather conditions. According to the report, "The increase in global cereal output forecast for 2004 would come as a very welcome development for global food supply. The continued tightening of global cereal supplies for four successive years since 1999/2000 has brought international cereal prices under significant upward pressure in the past months. "The report says, "Export prices for wheat, maize and rice all registered strong gains, reflecting tight market conditions. "Because early prospects for wheat crops are favourable, some easing of wheat prices could be anticipated as the harvest approaches in the northern hemisphere in the coming months. But, the report says that export prices for coarse grains and rice are unlikely to recede any time soon based on current supply and demand prospects.C、 World cereal utilization in 2003/2004 is forecast at 1,971 million tonnes, up 1 percent from the previous year, but still slightly below the 10-year trenD、In spite of a significant increase in international cereal prices and major animal disease outbreaks in the second half of the season, global cereal utilization is expected to rise above the previous season because of strong demand for feed and industrial use, especially in the linked States.The report anticipates an increase in food aid costs per unit in view of generally tighter world cereal supplies, strong international prices and soaring ocean freight rates for 2003/2004. It notes that total food aid shipments during this period "could decline slightly".D、 The report adds that although world imports of cereals are forecast to decline by around 10 million tonnes in 2003/2004, higher prices and freight rates, and smaller food aid shipments, are expected to push up the overall cost of cereal imports by 2 percent from the previous year.FAO’’s Food Outlook will be published four times this year, inApril, June, September and November.Questions 1-4Below is a list of headings , choose the most suitable choices for parts (
A、—D、and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet.NB、There are more headings than you need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once.List of heading i. Wheat and rice production increases b ii. Less food assistance made available d iii.Demand for cereals to remain strong civ.Cereal production is forecast to increase in the coming season a v.Decline in cereal stocks
【分析解答题】{{B}}{{I}}Discussion topic:{{/I}}Education{{/B}}Example questions:· How has the education system in your country changed over the last 20 years · How do you think the education system will change in the near future · What changes would you introduce into the education system ·Do you think that education should be free · What do you think are the qualities of a good school
【分析解答题】
【单选题】The lessons of state failureTraditional diplomacy deals with risks of conflict between nation-states. These risks are of course still present, but a more pervasive danger is that states will simply collapse. Of a dozen or so conflicts inAfrica in recent years, few, if any, have involved cross-border aggression. Instead, bankrupt and impoverished states have imploded, the vacuum filled not by regimes with newly consolidated power but by brutal violence engulfing civilians. The disaster then fans out to neighboring countries, and eventually much farther a fielD、
A、special "task force on state failure" set up byAmerica’’sCI
A、has found that three variables are most predictive of state stability or instability: the openness of the economy; democracy; and infant mortality. In sub-SaharanAfrica, where much of the population lives on the edge of subsistence, poverty and slow economic growth, or outright decline, increased the likelihood of future state collapse, thereby trapping the countries in a vicious circle of poverty and political instability. Rich countries, on the other hand, tend to maintain political stability which, in turn, promotes further economic development.When countries were classified in 1990 by their status in the United Nations HumanDevelopment Index (an index of income, literacy and health), high-development countries achieved robust and stable economic growth during 1990-98, with average growth rates of around 2. 3% a year and with 35 out of 36 countries enjoying rising living standards. Middle-development countries achieved a slightly lower growth rate, 1. 9% a year, but 7 out of 34 countries experienced outright declines in living standards. The poorest countries averaged no economic growth at all, with 15 out of 39 experiencing falling living standards. The flip-side to the poverty trap, however, is that the gains of development tend to be sustained, once countries break through to sufficient levels of income, health and literacy. Conservatives inAmerica often ask why it matters if an impoverished country collapses. The answer is that, aside from humanitarian concerns, crises in such far away places often suck the United States into crisis as well. Since 1960,America has been dragged into military conflicts inCuba, Thailand, Laos,Congo, Vietnam, theDominican Republic,Cambodia,Cyprus, Lebanon, Zaire,El Salvador, Libya, Lebanon, Honduras, Nicaragua,Chad, Liberia,Bosnia, Somalia and, more recently, Kosovo andColombi
A、State failures, or even milder state instability, have also underminedAmerican and global interests through globally transmitted financial crises, drug-trafficking, money-laundering, terrorism, the spread of diseases such asAIDS and mass refugee flows. On the positive side, sustained economic development would create new and potentially large gains from trade, as well as much-needed cooperation in science and culture. Even when a problem is correctly identified, there is a stunning disconnect between risk and action inAmerica’’s foreign economic policy. The globalAIDS epidemic, for example, has recently and wisely been identified as a risk to the security of the United States. What action has been taken President GeorgeBush has called uponAmericans to give just $ 200 million, or 70 cents each, to the new global fund to fight the disease.The failure to make even basic investments in foreign policy has been pervasive, and the examples are legion.Eleven years ago, the last prime minister of unified Yugoslavia,Ante Markovic, launched a last-ditch plan for economic stabilization. He appealed toEurope and the United States for a reduction in debt-servicing and other modest financial support, but was turned down by the creditor governments.Economic stabilisation was undermined, and this helped Slobodan Milosovic to get the upper hanD、 The rest, as they say, is history.In the past two yearsAmerica andEuropean countries have made the same mis
A、special "task force on state failure" set up byAmerica’’sCI
A、has found that three variables are most predictive of state stability or instability: the openness of the economy; democracy; and infant mortality. In sub-SaharanAfrica, where much of the population lives on the edge of subsistence, poverty and slow economic growth, or outright decline, increased the likelihood of future state collapse, thereby trapping the countries in a vicious circle of poverty and political instability. Rich countries, on the other hand, tend to maintain political stability which, in turn, promotes further economic development.When countries were classified in 1990 by their status in the United Nations HumanDevelopment Index (an index of income, literacy and health), high-development countries achieved robust and stable economic growth during 1990-98, with average growth rates of around 2. 3% a year and with 35 out of 36 countries enjoying rising living standards. Middle-development countries achieved a slightly lower growth rate, 1. 9% a year, but 7 out of 34 countries experienced outright declines in living standards. The poorest countries averaged no economic growth at all, with 15 out of 39 experiencing falling living standards. The flip-side to the poverty trap, however, is that the gains of development tend to be sustained, once countries break through to sufficient levels of income, health and literacy. Conservatives inAmerica often ask why it matters if an impoverished country collapses. The answer is that, aside from humanitarian concerns, crises in such far away places often suck the United States into crisis as well. Since 1960,America has been dragged into military conflicts inCuba, Thailand, Laos,Congo, Vietnam, theDominican Republic,Cambodia,Cyprus, Lebanon, Zaire,El Salvador, Libya, Lebanon, Honduras, Nicaragua,Chad, Liberia,Bosnia, Somalia and, more recently, Kosovo andColombi
A、State failures, or even milder state instability, have also underminedAmerican and global interests through globally transmitted financial crises, drug-trafficking, money-laundering, terrorism, the spread of diseases such asAIDS and mass refugee flows. On the positive side, sustained economic development would create new and potentially large gains from trade, as well as much-needed cooperation in science and culture. Even when a problem is correctly identified, there is a stunning disconnect between risk and action inAmerica’’s foreign economic policy. The globalAIDS epidemic, for example, has recently and wisely been identified as a risk to the security of the United States. What action has been taken President GeorgeBush has called uponAmericans to give just $ 200 million, or 70 cents each, to the new global fund to fight the disease.The failure to make even basic investments in foreign policy has been pervasive, and the examples are legion.Eleven years ago, the last prime minister of unified Yugoslavia,Ante Markovic, launched a last-ditch plan for economic stabilization. He appealed toEurope and the United States for a reduction in debt-servicing and other modest financial support, but was turned down by the creditor governments.Economic stabilisation was undermined, and this helped Slobodan Milosovic to get the upper hanD、 The rest, as they say, is history.In the past two yearsAmerica andEuropean countries have made the same mis
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