| 公共英语考试PETS四级易错题（2018/1/3） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题：No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual oneself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type of food. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salespersons would be superfluous as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would founder. 41、The author’s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as __________. A. practical B. hysterical C. radical D. critical 42、Judged from its style, this passage might be found in __________. A. a children’s comics book B. an editorial in a paper C. a sociology textbook D. a political platform 43、It can be inferred that the author believes that __________. A. individuals have no self-worth when they become part of an organization B. individuals are more important than organizations C. individuals are not so important as organizations D. individuals are the same important as organizations 44、The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that __________. A. parents have responsibilities for their children B. uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for children C. uniforms cause dissension between parents and children D. individual motivation would be destroyed by uniforms 45、The last word of the passage "founder" probably means __________. A. collapse B. shrink C. disappear D. establish |
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| 第6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25题：1982 was the year of information technology in Great Britain. But what exactly is infotech? 85% of the people __1___ recently had not a clue what it means, __2___53% of those polled said they thought it sounded pretty important.They were __3___.It is.So what is it? Well, put simply,it is the "marry-up"of products__4___several key industries:computers, telephone, televisions, satellites. It means __5___ microelectronics, telecommunication networks fibre optics__6___produce,store,obtain and send information by way of words,numbers,pictures and sound__7___and efficiency than ever before. The __8__ infotech is having and is going to have on our lives and work is tremendous.It is already linking the skills of the space industry with __9___ of cable television,so programmes can be beamed directly into our homes ___10__ all over the world. Armies of "steel collar"workers,the robots,will soon be working in factories doing the boring,complex and __11___jobs which are at present still done by man. In some areas __12___the car industry this has already started. television will also be used to enable customers __13___from the comfort of their homes by simply ordering___14__ the TV screen, payment being made by direct debit of their credit cards.The automatic booking of tickets will also be done through the television__15___ .Cable television __16___in many countries now gives a choice of ___17__ channels will soon be used to___18___ our homes by operating burglar and fire alarms ___19___to police and fire stations.Computers will run our homes,controling the heating,air-conditioned and cooking systems ___20___ robot will cope with the housework.the friendly postman will be a thing of the past as the post service and letters disappear with the electronic mail received via viewdata screens. 1) A polling B being polled C polled D having been polled 2) A so B although C however D but 3) A right B wrong C mad D crazy 4) A from B in C to D for 5) A to use B to be used C being used D using 6) A to help B to helping C to be helped D to being helped 7) A very quickly B more quickly C quicklier D most quickly 8) A force B affect C impact D control 9) A those B that C which D the one 10) A from B in C across D thoughtout 11) A interesting B dull C unpleasant D happy 12) A for example B for instance C like D such as 13) A shop B to shop C shopping D to shopping 14) A on B via C within D by 15) A screen B machine C set D show 16) A where B in which C which D it 17) A a dozen Bdozen C dozen of D dozens of 18) A protect B clean C run D manage 19) A related B associated C linked D joined 20) A while B because C since D for |
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| 第26题： Section III Reading Comprehension(45 points) 翻译 Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. That low moaning sound in the background just might be the Founding Fathers protesting from beyond the grave. They have been doing it ever since the Republicans announced a "religious war" in the name of "traditional values". It grew several decibels louder last week when George Bush, at a breakfast of religious leaders, attacked the Democrats for failing to mention God in their doctrines and declaimed that a President needs to believe in the Almighty. What about the constitutional ban on "religious tests". for public office? The Founding Fathers would want to know. (61) What about Tom Jefferson’s conviction that it is possible for a nonbeliever to be a moral person, "find incitements to virtue in the comfort and pleasantness you feel in its exercise"? Even George Washington must shudder in his sleep to hear the constant emphasis on "Judeo-Christian values". (62) It was he who wrote, "We have abundant reason to rejoice that in this Land … every person may here worship God according to the dictates of his own heart." George Bush should know better than to encourage the theocratic ambitions of the Christian right. (63) He has claimed -- to much ironic scorn -- that when he was shot down during World War II and lay floating in the Pacific for four hours, he meditated on "God and faith and the separation of church and state". But there could be no better themes for a patriot to address in his final moments. (64) The "wall of separation" the Founding Fathers built between church and state is one of the best defenses freedom has ever had. Or have we already forgotten why the Founding fathers put it up? They had seen enough religious intolerance in the colonies: Quaker women were burned at the stake in Puritan Massachusetts; Virginians could be jailed for denying the Bible’s authority. They knew Europe had terribly disfigured itself in a religious war recalled now only by its duration -- 30 years. (65) No wonder John Adams once described the Judeo-Christian tradition as "the most bloody religion that ever existed," and that the Founding fathers took such pains to keep the hand that holds the musket separate from the one that carries the cross. |
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| 第27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46题：Grandma Moses is among the most celebreted twentieth-century painters of the United States,yet she __1_ painting before she was in her late seventies.As she once spoken __2_ herself:" I would never sit back in a rocking chair,__3_ for some to help me."No one could have a __4_ old age. She was born Anna Mary Robertson _5__ a farm in New York State,one of five boys and girls.("We came in bunches,_6__ radishes.") At twelve she left home and was __7_ domestic service until ,at twnety-seven,she _8__ Thomas Moses,one of the hired hands of her employers.They farms most of their _9__,first in Virginia and then in New York State,_10__ Eagle Bridge.She had ten children,of _11__ five survived; her husband died in 1927. Grandma Moses _12__ a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a _13__, but only switched to oil in old age because her hands become too stiff __14_, and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time.Her _15__ were first sold at the local drugstore and at a fair, and were soon _16__ by a dealer who bought everything _17__ she painted.Three of the pictures were exhibition in the museum of Modern Art,and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York .__18_ the 1930s and her death she produced some 2000 pictures;detailed and lively portrayals of the _19__ life she had known for so long ,with a marvellous _20__ of color and form." I think real hard till think of something real pretty,and then I pain it."she said. 1) A barely startedt B was barely strated C had barely started D barely start 2) A about B of C on D over 3) A waiting B to waiting C and writing D am writing 4) A very productive B productive C most productive D more productive 5) A in B at C on D about 6) A unlike B like C likely D unlikely 7) A for B in C at D under 8) A married with B married to C marry D married 9) A life B live C lives D lifes 10) A in B at C under D on 11) A whom B which C that D who 12) A worked B read C studied D painted 13) A job B fun C hobby D interest 14) A sewing B to sew C to sewing D to be sewing 15) A books B pictures C arts D clothes 16) A spotted B recognized C damaged D featured 17) A which B who C whom D that 18) A for B in C during D between 19) A urban B town C rural D suburban 20) A feeling B sense C consciousness D feature |
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| 第47题：(61)While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians，modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.Caught in the web of its own time and place，each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past.In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered;it is also frequently partial or partisan.The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy，the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past.(62)Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. During this transfer，traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. (63)There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians，especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of“tunnel method，”frequently fall victim to the“technicist fallacy.”(64)Also common in the natural sciences，the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation. (65)It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. And to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques. |
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