| 公共英语考试PETS四级易错题（2019/2/15） |
| 第1、2、3、4、5题： I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I’d been struck a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window—her window—like some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I’d become paralyzed. She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed. At home, I’d relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. "Going steady" implied a maturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dance—chaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what I’d been thinking. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army. When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day. 56、According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began? A. Before he entered his teens. B. In his early teens. C. In his middle teens. D. When he was just out of his teens. 57、How did the author behave as a boy in love? A. His first love motivated him toward hard study. B. His first love evoked sentimental memories. C. He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion. D. He fulfilled his expectations and desires. 58、According to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss? A. Her Jewish origin did not allow it. B. His Catholic adherence forbade it. C. They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum. D. Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful. 59、According to the passage, what was Rachel’s response to the author’s tender affection before the war? A. She recognized and accepted his love affectionately. B. She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down. C. She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him. D. She didn’t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings. 60、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? A. Statement and example. B. Cause and effect. C. Order of importance. D. Linear description. |
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| 第6题：(61)While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians，modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.Caught in the web of its own time and place，each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past.In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered;it is also frequently partial or partisan.The irony of the historians craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. While history once revered its affinity to literature and philosophy，the emerging social sciences seemed to afford greater opportunities for asking new questions and providing rewarding approaches to an understanding of the past.(62)Social science methodologies had to be adapted to a discipline governed by the primacy of historical sources rather than the imperatives of the contemporary world. During this transfer，traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study. Methodology is a term that remains inherently ambiguous in the historical profession. (63)There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. Historians，especially those so blinded by their research interests that they have been accused of“tunnel method，”frequently fall victim to the“technicist fallacy.”(64)Also common in the natural sciences，the technicist fallacy mistakenly identifies the discipline as a whole with certain parts of its technical implementation. (65)It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources. And to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques. |
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| 第7、8、9、10、11题：No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual oneself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence. Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type of food. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salespersons would be superfluous as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such industries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would founder. 41、The author’s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as __________. A. practical B. hysterical C. radical D. critical 42、Judged from its style, this passage might be found in __________. A. a children’s comics book B. an editorial in a paper C. a sociology textbook D. a political platform 43、It can be inferred that the author believes that __________. A. individuals have no self-worth when they become part of an organization B. individuals are more important than organizations C. individuals are not so important as organizations D. individuals are the same important as organizations 44、The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that __________. A. parents have responsibilities for their children B. uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for children C. uniforms cause dissension between parents and children D. individual motivation would be destroyed by uniforms 45、The last word of the passage "founder" probably means __________. A. collapse B. shrink C. disappear D. establish |
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| 第12题： i remember the way the light touched her hair. she turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. i felt as though i'd been struck a blow under the heart. thus began my first love affair. her name was rachel, and i mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window-her window-like some hapless summer insect? that delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. i would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and i'd become paralyzeD、 she always seemed so poised, so self-possesseD、 at home, i'd relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. we eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew i had a case on her, and i sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. "going steady" implied a maturity we still lackeD、 her orthodox jewish upbringing and my own catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desireD、 i managed to hold her once at a dance-chaperoned, of course. our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that i hated myself for what i'd been thinking. at any rate, my love for rachel remained unrequiteD、 we graduated from high school, she went on to college, and i joined the army. when world war ii engulfed us, i was sent overseas. for a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. i mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. her dear john letter finally caught up with me while i was awaiting discharge. she gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. looking back on it, i must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months i believed i didn't want to live. like rachel, i found someone else, whom i learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day. 56、according to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began? A、 before he entered his teens. B、 in his early teens. C、 in his middle teens. D、 when he was just out of his teens. 57、how did the author behave as a boy in love? A、 his first love motivated him toward hard study. B、 his first love evoked sentimental memories. C、 he was overpowered by wild excitement and passion. D、 he fulfilled his expectations and desires. 58、according to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss? A、 her jewish origin did not allow it. B、 his catholic adherence forbade it. C、 they were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum. D、 kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful. 59、according to the passage, what was rachel's response to the author's tender affection before the war? A、 she recognized and accepted his love affectionately. B、 she thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down. C、 she fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him. D、 she didn't care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings. 60、which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? A、 statement and example. B、 cause and effect. C、 order of importance. D、 linear description. |
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| 第13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32题：The loudest outcry about poverty seemed to come in the wealthiest country by far in the world. According to most calculations, 21 most of the 1945-1970 period the United States had a standard of living well 22 Europe’s and many times above the world 23 . Yet 24 about grinding poverty, hunger, and dreadful need proceed more from the United States than from countries with one-fortieth of their living standard. An annual per capita income of eight dollars is 25 of much of Africa and Asia and not a little of South America. It would seem strange to these people 26 they only aware of the fact that American radicals demand a 27 from an American 28 to the far corners of the globe so that the money thus saved can be spent raising the standard of living of 29 Americans. What this last point suggests is not so much that human 30 are never to be satisfied though this is doubtlessly true, and the American suburbanite 31 of his second car and his color TV suffers just as 32 as an African farmer in need of a second cow and a screen door. Rather, it suggests the 33 of contemporary breach of social 34 —the emancipation of the individual self. People have learned to consider any 35 to personal fulfillment an 36 insult. They have greatly expanded the circle of self-awareness. They no longer accept sharp limitations on individual desires in the 37 of the group. The amount of potential human discontent has always been 38 — misery, failure, misfitting, bitterness, hatred, envy 39 telling. It has usually failed of 40 , and in the past it was accepted passively as being beyond help. 21、 A. until B. through C. in D. onto 22、 A. over B. above C. against D. below 23、 A. average B. common C. mean D. ordinary 24、A. storms B. rage C. protests D. fury 25、 A. now that B. regardless C. ignorant D. typical 26、 A. was B. being C. were D. to be 27、A. retreat B. compromise C. restraint D. detachment 28、A. confinement B. commitment C. complement D. concealment 29、A. underprivileged B. misguided C. underlined D. overjoyed 30、 A. anticipations B. shelters C. shortages D. wants 31、A. informed B. deprived C. ensured D. relieved 32、A. acutely B. abnormally C. aggressively D. initially 33、 A. margin B. scope C. range D. extent 34、 A. liberties B. norms C. institutions D. practices 35、A. access B. exception C. obstacle D. approach 36、A. incomprehensible B. uninterpretable C. intolerable D. negligible 37、 A. face B. company C. name D. wake 38、 A. bulky B. prompt C. momentary D. infinite 39、 A. at B. beyond C. on D. with 40、A. utterance B. admittance C. compliance D. importance |
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