专四专八考试

【单选题】One of the hottest questions in the study of animal behavior is, "Do animals have emotions " The simple answer is, "Of course they do." Just look at them, listen to them, and, if you dare, smell the odors they emit when they interact with friends and foes. Look at their faces, tails, bodies and, most importantly, their eyes. What we see on the outside tells us a lot about what’s happening inside animals’ heads and hearts.
As a scientist who’s studies animal emotions for more than 30 years, I consider myself very fortunate. Whenever I observe or work with animals, I get to contribute to science and develop social relationships at the same time, and to me, there’s no conflict between the two. While stories about animal emotions abound, there are many lines of scientific support (what I call "social science") about the nature of animal emotions that are rapidly accumulating from behavioral and neurobiological studies (from the emerging field called social neuroscience).Common sense and intuition also feed into and support science sense and the obvious conclusion is that mammals, at the very least, experience rich and deep emotional lives, feeling passions from pure and contagious joy during play, to deep grief and pain. Recent data also shows that birds and fish are sentient and experience pain and suffering. Prestigious scientific journals regularly publish essays on joy in rats, grief in elements and empathy in mice.
The bottom line is that we know more about animal passions than we often admit, and we can no longer ignore the pain and suffering of other beings. Many people in higher education are faced with difficult questions about the use of animals in their classrooms and research laboratories and today we must accept that there are compelling reasons stemming from scientific research to limit and perhaps stop using animals in lieu of the numerous highly effective non-animal alternatives that are readily available.
In scientific research there are always surprises. Just when we think we’ve seen it all, new scientific data appear that force us to rethink what we know and to revise our stereotypes. For example, spindle cells, which were long thought to exist only in humans and other great apes, have recently been discovered in humpback whales, fin whales, killer whales and sperm whales in the same area of their brains as spindle cells in human brains. This brain region is linked with social organization, expathy and intuition about the fellings of others, as well as rapid gut reactions. Spindle cells are important in processing emotions. It’ S likely that if we seek the presence of spindle cells in other animals we will find them.
The author has justified with his study of animal behavior that ______.
A、mammals are able to feel both joy and grief
B、birds and fish experience more pain than joy
C、mammals can experience richer emotions than other animals
D、common sense and intuition is less convincing than science sense
网考网参考答案：A
网考网解析：
题目问通过他对动物行为的研究来证明什么。第2段倒数第3句提到“...mammals, at the very least, experience rich and deep emotional lives, feeling passions from pure and contagious joy during play, to deep grief and pain(哺乳动物有丰富的、深层次的情感，体验的情感从玩耍时的单纯快乐到深度的悲伤和痛苦)”。A项符合文意，故为答案。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>