| 专四专八考试专八考试易错题（2019/7/29） |
| 第1题：（）isthefirstAmericanprofessionalwriterandthefirstwriterofdetectivestoryintheworld. A.EzraPound B.WashingtonIrving C.NathanielHawthorne D.EdgarEllenPoe |
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| 第2题：科学就是探求真理。在探求真理的过程中，人们对客观规律的认识要经过艰苦曲折的过程。常常有这样的情形：由于研究的角度不同，掌握资料的差异，认识方法的不同，就会出现“横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同”的情况，以至引起学术上的争论。因此，有作为的科学工都把反对的意见看作对自己的莫大的帮助，把对自己的批评当作最珍贵的友谊。正如歌德所说，“我们赞同的东西使我们处之泰然，我们反对的东西才使我们的思想获得丰产。”这都是因为，赞同的意见未必正确，反对的意见未必错误。退一步说，即使错误的反对意见，对自己的科学研究也是很有好处的。（258 words） |
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| 第3题：原 文：Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years， certain issues have persisted since the early days of the republic. One is the continuing debate over the proper role for government in what is basically a marketplace economy. An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative， with a relative absence of government involvement. However， government intervention has been found necessary from time to time to ensure that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people， to prevent flagrant abuses， to dampen inflation and to stimulate growth. Ever since colonial times， the government has been involved， to some extent， in economic decision-making. The federal government， for example， has made huge investments in infrastructure， and it has provided social welfare programs that the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide. In a myriad of ways and over many decades， the government has supported and promoted the development of agriculture. |
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| 第4题：（原 文） I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent - e. g. in painting and music -they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an "English tradition" after all. To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own - and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend. |
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| 第5题：WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutlanguageisNOTtrue?（） A.languageisasystem B.Languageissymbolic C.Animalsalsohavelanguages D.Languageisarbitrary |
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