专四专八考试

【分析解答题】（原 文）
I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive overphrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent - e. g. in painting and music -they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an "English tradition" after all.
To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own - and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.

【单选题】ACCorDing to thE Author, whAt is onE ExAmplE oF our loss oF morAlity
A．DisrEgArD For lAw.
B．lACk oF DEvotion.
C．lACk oF CoopErAtion.
D．ExploitAtion oF rEsourCEs

【单选题】worlD wAr ⅱ initiAtED thE ConCEpt oF "totAl wAr"—wAr thAt involvED All, CiviliAns AnD militAry AlikE, in thE wAr EFFort. this wAs not rEAlly nEw. lAzArECArnot hAD AntiCipAtED it During thE FrEnCh rEvolution with his CAll For "A nAtion in Arms".But nEvEr BEForE worlD wAr ii hAD nAtion BEEn rEquirED to DrAw so hEAvily upon thE totAl humAn rEsourCEs AvAilABlE to thEm. in EACh Country, thErE wAs A propAgAnDA EFFort to portrAy EvEry pErson in thE stAtE As pErsonAlly involvEs in thE strugglE BEing wAgE
D、in thE unitED stAtEs, "rosiE thE rivEtEr" wAs As muCh A pArt oF thE piCturE As "g. i. joE". thE gErmAn "rosiEs" wErE not As likEly As thEirAmEriCAn CountErpArts to BE working As rivEtErs, But From 1942 on, thEy AnD thEir ChilDrEn wErE to FACE tErrors oF wAr As sEvErE As thosE ExpEriEnCED By thEir Front-linE solDiErs. shivEring From FEAr oF BEing BuriED AlivE in thE CEllArs thAt sErvED As Air-rAiD shEltErs, thEy hAD to EmErgE From thosE ArEAs oF moDEst sECurity to Extinguish thE FArE BomBs thAt sizzlED in thE AttiCs ABovE BEForE EntirE housEs wErE inCinErAtE
D、EACh ExplosivE BomB thAt FEll CoulD mEAn liFE or DEAth For EACh pErson who hEArD it Coming, DEpEnDing on whErE it FEll AnD how Big it wAs.
thErE is no rAtionAl wAy oF rEnDEring juDgmEnt on thE morAl AspECts oF thEAlliED BomBing. it DiD, oF CoursE, kill nAzis AnD Anti-nAzis AlikE; womEn AnD ChilDrEn As wEll As mEn; prisonErs oF wAr AnD ForEign workErs As wEll As gErmAns; proFEssors, Artists, musiCiAns, AnD FArmErs, As wEll As workErs in munitions FACtoriEs.AnD thE moDE oF DEAth, As will BE sEEn, wAs oFtEn shoCking AnD gruEsomE.But it is FAulty to AssumE thAt without thE BomBing All thosE who pErishED woulD hAvE survivED AnD woulD hAvE mEt DEAth morE pEACEFully. lAnD invAsion woulD hAvE mEAnt thE rAvAging oF CitiEs By hEAvy ArtillEry, tAnks, AnD FlAmE throwErs, thE DEspErAtE Flight oF thousAnDs oF CiviliAns (whiCh inDEED oCCurrED on gErmAny’s EAstErn Front), AnD thE ultimAtE CollApsE oF All ForCEs oF orDEr, with intErnECinE Fighting, FAminE, AnD DisEAsE As likEly ACCompAnimEnts. nEithEr CAn onE AssumE thAt morE ChurChEs, FAmous monumEnts, pAintings, liBrAry Books, AnD so Forth woulD hAvE survivE
D、thAt thosE who stoppED thE BomBs hAD pAngs oF guilt in rEspECt to thE suFFEring thEy CAusED AnD thE CulturAl wEAlth thEy DEstroyED is A CrEDit to thEir humAnitAriAn sEnsitivitiEs.But sEntimEnts oF rEvulsion ArE morE AppropriAtEly DirECtED At wAr itsElF, whiCh inEvitABly BrutAlizEs thosE involvED, DEstroys normAl sEnsitivitiEs, AnD opEns thE wAy to rApE, pillAgE, AnD wAnt oF DEstruCtion.
A、"ClEAn", "humAnE" wAr is An impossiBility.
thE Author ConCluDEs thE pAssAgE By pointing out thAt
A、thErE is no suCh A thing As humAnE wAr.
B．A totAl wAr is thE CruElEst thing in humAn history.
C．A wAr DoEs no gooD EithEr to thE winnEr or to thE losEr.
D、it is impossiBlE to wAgE A totAl wAr toDAy.

【单选题】whAt shoulD BE BlAmED For thE CrAsh
A．tErrorist AttACks.
B．u.s. sAnCtions.
C．lACk oF spArE pArts.
D．lACk oF rEgulAr mAintEnAnCE.

【单选题】
A．DiFFiCult
B．CompliCAtED
C．moDErn
D．wEll-known

【单选题】thE rEsCuE wAs________AFtEr sEvErAl ABortivE AttEmpts BECAusE thE snowstorm wAs gEtting worsE.
A．DEsErtED
B．ABAnDonED
C．CEAsED
D．rEjECtED

【单选题】
单项选择

【单选题】whAt CAn BE inFErrED ABout thE proFEssor
A．hE is not plAnning to tAlk ABout thE hAnDouts now.
B．hE ExpECts thE womAn to rEsponD to quEstions in thE hAnDouts.
C．hE is ConCErnED thAt thE hAnDouts mAy BE DiFFiCult to unDErstAnD.
D．hE is not surE iF hE hAs thE hAnDouts thE womAn nEEDs.

【单选题】whAt DiD thE pig BrEEDErs CAll For in thEir protEst
A．killing pigs.
B．CompEnsAtion.
C．A nAtionwiDE strikE.
D．An EnD to thE EpiDEmiC.

【单选题】whAt is thE ExACt numBEr oF stuDEnts At FilE sChool
A．15,840.
B．15,480.
C．15,418.
D．50,480.