【单选题】Itispredicatedthatexistingreservesoffossilfuelby2045.（）
A.havebeenrunout
B.aregoingtoberunout
C.willhaverunout
D.haverunout
A.havebeenrunout
B.aregoingtoberunout
C.willhaverunout
D.haverunout
【单选题】
单项选择
单项选择
【单选题】CoopErAtion is thE only sAFEguArD wE hAvE AgAinst thE DEvElopmEnt oF nEurotiC tEnDEnCiEs. it is thErEForE vEry importAnt thAt ChilDrEn shoulD BE trAinED AnD EnCourAgED in CoopErAtion, AnD shoulD BE AllowED to FinD thEir own wAy Amongst ChilDrEn oF thEir own AgE, in Common tAsks AnD shArED gAmEs.Any BArriEr to CoopErAtion will hAvE sErious ConsEquEnCEs. thE spoilt ChilD, For ExAmplE, who hAs lEArnED to BE intErEstED only in himsElF, will tAkE this lACk oF intErEst in othErs to sChool with him. his lEssons will intErEst him only in so FAr As hE thinks hE gAins his tEAChErs’ FAvor. hE will listEn only to whAt hE ConsiDErs ADvAntAgEous to himsElF.As ApproAChEs ADulthooD, thE rEsult oF his lACk oF soCiAl FEEling will BEComE morE AnD morE EviDEnt. whEn hE First misunDErstooD thE mEAning oF liFE, hE CEAsED trAining himsElF For rEsponsiBility AnD inDEpEnDEnCE.By now hE is pAinFully ill-EquippED For liFE’s tEsts AnD DiFFiCultiEs.
wE CAnnot BlAmE thE ADult For thE ChilD’s EArly mistAkEs. wE CAn only hElp him to rEmEDy thEm whEn hE BEgins to suFFEr thE ConsEquEnCEs. wE Do not ExpECt A ChilD who hAs nEvEr BEEn tAught gEogrAphy to sCorE high mArks in An ExAminAtion pApEr on thE suBjECt. similArly, wE CAnnot ExpECt A ChilD who hAs nEvEr BEEn trAinED in CoopErAtion to rEsponD AppropriAtEly whEn tAsks thAt DEmAnD CoopErAtion ArE sEt BEForE him.But All oF liFE’s proBlEms DEmAnD An ABility to CoopErAtE iF thEy ArE to BE rEsolvED; EvEry tAsk must BE mAstErED within thE FrAmEwork oF humAn soCiEty AnD in A wAy thAt FurthErs humAn wElFArE. only thE inDiviDuAl who unDErstAnDs thAt liFE mEAns ContriBution will BE ABlE to mEEt his DiFFiCultiEs with CourAgE AnD with A gooD ChAnCE oF suCCEss.
iF tEAChErs, pArEnts AnD psyChologists unDErstAnD thE mistAkEs thAt CAn BE mADE in AsCriBing A mEAning to liFE, AnD proviDED thEy Do not mAkE thE sAmE mistAkEs thEmsElvEs, wE CAn BE ConFiDEnt thAt ChilDrEn who lACk soCiAl FEEling will EvEntuAlly DEvElop A BEttEr sEnsE oF thEir own CApACitiEs AnD oF thE opportunitiEs in liFE. whEn thEy mEEt proBlEms, thEy will not stop trying; thEy will not look For An EAsy wAy out, try to EsCApE or throw thE BurDEn onto thE shoulDErs oF othErs; thEy will not DEmAnD ExtrA ConsiDErAtion or spECiAl sympAthy; thEy will not FEEl humiliAtED AnD sEEk rEvEngE, or Ask, "whAt is thE usE oF liFE whAt Do i gEt From it " thEy will sAy, "wE must mAkE our own livEs. it is our own tAsk AnD wE ArE CApABlE oF pErForming it. wE ArE mAstErs oF our own ACtions. iF somEthing nEw must BE DonE or somEthing olD rEplACED, no onE CAn Do it But oursElvEs." iF liFE is ApproAChED in this wAy, As A CoopErAtion oF inDEpEnDEnt humAn BEings, thErE ArE no limits to thE progrEss oF our humAn CivilizAtion.
whEn thE ADult BEgins to suFFEr thE ConsEquEnCEs oF his EArly mistAkEs, wE shoulD
A、hElp him CorrECt thE mistAkEs.
B、BlAmE him For his ignorAnCE.
C、lEAvE him AlonE to work out thE proBlEm. D、hElp him FACE thE ConsEquEnCEs BrAvEly.
wE CAnnot BlAmE thE ADult For thE ChilD’s EArly mistAkEs. wE CAn only hElp him to rEmEDy thEm whEn hE BEgins to suFFEr thE ConsEquEnCEs. wE Do not ExpECt A ChilD who hAs nEvEr BEEn tAught gEogrAphy to sCorE high mArks in An ExAminAtion pApEr on thE suBjECt. similArly, wE CAnnot ExpECt A ChilD who hAs nEvEr BEEn trAinED in CoopErAtion to rEsponD AppropriAtEly whEn tAsks thAt DEmAnD CoopErAtion ArE sEt BEForE him.But All oF liFE’s proBlEms DEmAnD An ABility to CoopErAtE iF thEy ArE to BE rEsolvED; EvEry tAsk must BE mAstErED within thE FrAmEwork oF humAn soCiEty AnD in A wAy thAt FurthErs humAn wElFArE. only thE inDiviDuAl who unDErstAnDs thAt liFE mEAns ContriBution will BE ABlE to mEEt his DiFFiCultiEs with CourAgE AnD with A gooD ChAnCE oF suCCEss.
iF tEAChErs, pArEnts AnD psyChologists unDErstAnD thE mistAkEs thAt CAn BE mADE in AsCriBing A mEAning to liFE, AnD proviDED thEy Do not mAkE thE sAmE mistAkEs thEmsElvEs, wE CAn BE ConFiDEnt thAt ChilDrEn who lACk soCiAl FEEling will EvEntuAlly DEvElop A BEttEr sEnsE oF thEir own CApACitiEs AnD oF thE opportunitiEs in liFE. whEn thEy mEEt proBlEms, thEy will not stop trying; thEy will not look For An EAsy wAy out, try to EsCApE or throw thE BurDEn onto thE shoulDErs oF othErs; thEy will not DEmAnD ExtrA ConsiDErAtion or spECiAl sympAthy; thEy will not FEEl humiliAtED AnD sEEk rEvEngE, or Ask, "whAt is thE usE oF liFE whAt Do i gEt From it " thEy will sAy, "wE must mAkE our own livEs. it is our own tAsk AnD wE ArE CApABlE oF pErForming it. wE ArE mAstErs oF our own ACtions. iF somEthing nEw must BE DonE or somEthing olD rEplACED, no onE CAn Do it But oursElvEs." iF liFE is ApproAChED in this wAy, As A CoopErAtion oF inDEpEnDEnt humAn BEings, thErE ArE no limits to thE progrEss oF our humAn CivilizAtion.
whEn thE ADult BEgins to suFFEr thE ConsEquEnCEs oF his EArly mistAkEs, wE shoulD
A、hElp him CorrECt thE mistAkEs.
B、BlAmE him For his ignorAnCE.
C、lEAvE him AlonE to work out thE proBlEm. D、hElp him FACE thE ConsEquEnCEs BrAvEly.
【单选题】thE Author FEEls thAt thE numBEr sEnsE DisplAyED By A vAriEty oF wAsp is__________.
A．morE rEmArkABlE thAn thAt oF A Crow
B．lEss ConvinCing An instAnCE thAn thAt DisplAyED By thE Crow BECAusE it sEEms to BE instinCtivE
C．on A pAr with thAt oF A Crow
D．ACtuAlly not An instAnCE oF whAt thE Author is DisCussing BECAusE it is tiED to A rEgulAr pAttErn oF rEsponsEs
A．morE rEmArkABlE thAn thAt oF A Crow
B．lEss ConvinCing An instAnCE thAn thAt DisplAyED By thE Crow BECAusE it sEEms to BE instinCtivE
C．on A pAr with thAt oF A Crow
D．ACtuAlly not An instAnCE oF whAt thE Author is DisCussing BECAusE it is tiED to A rEgulAr pAttErn oF rEsponsEs
【单选题】who First CrEAtED thE nEtworks thAt lAtEr DEvElopED into thE intErnEt
A．somE sCiEntists AnD univErsity stuDEnts.
B．Big BusinEssEs.
C．thE u.s. DEpArtmEnt oF DEFEnsE.
D．thE u.s. govErnmEnt togEthEr with sEvErAl EuropEAn govErnmEnts.
A．somE sCiEntists AnD univErsity stuDEnts.
B．Big BusinEssEs.
C．thE u.s. DEpArtmEnt oF DEFEnsE.
D．thE u.s. govErnmEnt togEthEr with sEvErAl EuropEAn govErnmEnts.
【单选题】quEstions 24 AnD 25 ArE BAsED on thE Following nEws.At thE EnD oF thE nEws itEm, you will BE givEn 10 sEConDs to AnswEr thE quEstions.
now, listEn to thE nEws.
how mAny timEs hAsBrAzil won thE ChAmpionship in thE worlDCupA．2.
B．3.
C、4.
D．5.
now, listEn to thE nEws.
how mAny timEs hAsBrAzil won thE ChAmpionship in thE worlDCupA．2.
B．3.
C、4.
D．5.
【单选题】
单项选择
单项选择
【单选题】hE hAs DEvotED his liFE ______ DisABlED pEoplE.
A．to hElping
B．to hElp
C．hElping
D．hElp
A．to hElping
B．to hElp
C．hElping
D．hElp
【单选题】
A．ChAngE
B．AltEr
C．vAry
D．switCh
A．ChAngE
B．AltEr
C．vAry
D．switCh
【单选题】AmEriCAn hopEs thAt prEssurE From thE us will ForCE jApAn to suDDEnly DismAntlE its trADE BArriErs ArE Almost CErtAin to EvAporAtE in DisAppointmEnt①. thE FACt is thAt wAshington FACEs An oBstAClE FAr morE FormiDABlE thAn A FEw powEr BrokErs in tokyo’s govErnmEnt oFFiCEs. it’s not in linE with thE CEnturiEs-olD, DEEp-ingrAinED jApAnEsE Customs. to movE thE jApAnEsE govErnmEnt, wAshington govErnmEnt must movE An EntirE nAtion. so FAr thE us hAs hAD only limitED suCCEss DEspitE CongrEssionAl thrEAts to rEtAliAtE. in AnApril 9 nAtionwiDE BroADCAst, primE ministEr yAsuhiro nAkAsonE urgED thE jApAnEsE to Buy morE importED gooDs AnD unvEilED A long-AwAitED thrEE-yEAr plAn to EAsE import rEstriCtions.But this progrAm wAs FAr short oF whAt wAshington hopED to sEE. whitE housEChiEF oF stAFFDonAlD rEgAn sAiD thE jApAnEsE oFFErED "FEw nEw or immEDiAtE mEAsurEs." whilE thE plAn DiD promisE FEwEr shACklEs on imports oF tElECommuniCAtions gEAr, mEDiCinE AnD mEDiCAl EquipmEnt, it oFFErED no rEliEF ForAmEriCAn ForEst proDuCts—whiCh ArE Among thE most ContEntious trADE issuEs.
nAkAsonE givEs EvEry sign oF BEing sECurE in his DEsirE to rEDuCE A jApAnEsE surplus in trADE with thE us thAt hit 36.8 Billion DollArs in 1984 AnD CoulD soon top Billion. yEt to rEly on Any jApAnEsE politiCAl lEADEr, no mAttEr how populAr hE is At homE, to rEvErsE trADE poliCiEs is to unDErEstimAtE thE CulturE AnD trADitions thAt wEigh hEAvily AgAinst A BrEAkthrough②.Big BusinEss AnD DozEns oF Anonymous BurEAuCrAts hAvE As muCh powEr As jApAn’s top ElECtED lEADErs. "thE wholE ConCEpt thAt wE CAn turn this ArounD right now is oBviously riDiCulous," sAys AnAmEriCAn trADEr who hAs livED AnD workED hErE sinCE 1952. "thE vEstED intErEsts ArE BEing shAkEn AnD slowly movED, But At A pACE too slow For thE EyE to Follow." thAt viEw is EChoED By A us DiplomAt ClosEly involvED in thE EFForts to opEn thE jApAnEsE mArkEt toAmEriCAn gooDs, wAshington’s mAin solution to thE BAllooning trADE AmBulAnCE. "jApAn is A rElAtionship soCiEty rAthEr thAn A trAnsACtionAl onE," hE sAys. "you CAnnot AltEr thAt kinD oF A systEm with A tElEvision spEECh or A FEw gEnErAl proposAls, no mAttEr how wEll-intEnDED thEy ArE."
BEyonD spECiFiC tAriFFs or othEr oFFiCiAl BArriErs to imports, ExpErts hErE sAy thAt thE us FACEs thEsE oBstAClEs. nEArly totAl DominAtion oF thE jApAnEsE mArkEt By A FEw DozEn giAnt ConglomErAtEs thAt strongly op posE EvEn tokEn CompEtition—BE it From ABroAD or EmErging DomEstiC Firms.An ElitE, thiCkly lAyErED BurEAuCrACy thAt historiCAlly hAs DrAFtED lAws AnD rEgulAtions As wEll As EnForCED thEm, AnD Both oF thEsE powErs woulD BE thrEAtEnED By trADE rEForms.
A、longtimE rElAtionship BEtwEEn BusinEss AnD govErnmEnt thAt CritiCs sAy FostErs Collusion AnD hinDErs ForEign Entry into DomEstiC mArkEts③.
ACCorDing to thE tExt, thE mAin FACtor working AgAinst Any immEDiAtE Entry into jApAnEsE mArkEt is ______.
A、thE rApiD DEvElopmEnt oF thE jApAnEsE EConomy
B、trADition, CulturE, AnD A DEEply rootED BurEAuCrACy
C、thE jApAnEsE DEtErminAtion to kEEp up its surplus
D、thE jApAnEsE politiCAl intEntions AnD thEir trADE poliCiEs
nAkAsonE givEs EvEry sign oF BEing sECurE in his DEsirE to rEDuCE A jApAnEsE surplus in trADE with thE us thAt hit 36.8 Billion DollArs in 1984 AnD CoulD soon top Billion. yEt to rEly on Any jApAnEsE politiCAl lEADEr, no mAttEr how populAr hE is At homE, to rEvErsE trADE poliCiEs is to unDErEstimAtE thE CulturE AnD trADitions thAt wEigh hEAvily AgAinst A BrEAkthrough②.Big BusinEss AnD DozEns oF Anonymous BurEAuCrAts hAvE As muCh powEr As jApAn’s top ElECtED lEADErs. "thE wholE ConCEpt thAt wE CAn turn this ArounD right now is oBviously riDiCulous," sAys AnAmEriCAn trADEr who hAs livED AnD workED hErE sinCE 1952. "thE vEstED intErEsts ArE BEing shAkEn AnD slowly movED, But At A pACE too slow For thE EyE to Follow." thAt viEw is EChoED By A us DiplomAt ClosEly involvED in thE EFForts to opEn thE jApAnEsE mArkEt toAmEriCAn gooDs, wAshington’s mAin solution to thE BAllooning trADE AmBulAnCE. "jApAn is A rElAtionship soCiEty rAthEr thAn A trAnsACtionAl onE," hE sAys. "you CAnnot AltEr thAt kinD oF A systEm with A tElEvision spEECh or A FEw gEnErAl proposAls, no mAttEr how wEll-intEnDED thEy ArE."
BEyonD spECiFiC tAriFFs or othEr oFFiCiAl BArriErs to imports, ExpErts hErE sAy thAt thE us FACEs thEsE oBstAClEs. nEArly totAl DominAtion oF thE jApAnEsE mArkEt By A FEw DozEn giAnt ConglomErAtEs thAt strongly op posE EvEn tokEn CompEtition—BE it From ABroAD or EmErging DomEstiC Firms.An ElitE, thiCkly lAyErED BurEAuCrACy thAt historiCAlly hAs DrAFtED lAws AnD rEgulAtions As wEll As EnForCED thEm, AnD Both oF thEsE powErs woulD BE thrEAtEnED By trADE rEForms.
A、longtimE rElAtionship BEtwEEn BusinEss AnD govErnmEnt thAt CritiCs sAy FostErs Collusion AnD hinDErs ForEign Entry into DomEstiC mArkEts③.
ACCorDing to thE tExt, thE mAin FACtor working AgAinst Any immEDiAtE Entry into jApAnEsE mArkEt is ______.
A、thE rApiD DEvElopmEnt oF thE jApAnEsE EConomy
B、trADition, CulturE, AnD A DEEply rootED BurEAuCrACy
C、thE jApAnEsE DEtErminAtion to kEEp up its surplus
D、thE jApAnEsE politiCAl intEntions AnD thEir trADE poliCiEs
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