| 托福考试易错题（2017/9/22） |
| 第1题： Usually pitched in the of C, （） may be tuned to B flat by means of a slide. A. the bugle B. because of the bugle C. the bugle that D. but the bugle |
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| 第2、3题：http://www.exam8.com/english/TOEFL/monishiti/200710/390498.html The many part of the earth’s atmosphere are linked with the various parts of the earth’s surface to produce a whole-the climate system. Different parts of the earth’s surface react to the energy of the sun in different ways. For example, ice and snow reflect much of it. Land surfaces absorb solar energy and heat up rapidly. Oceans store the energy without experiencing a significant temperature rise. Thus, the different types of surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere at different rates. We can view climate as existing in three domains: space, time, and human perception. In the domain of space, we can study local, regional, and global climates. In time, we can look at the climate for a year, a decade, a millennium, and so forth. Finally, we depend on our perceptions of the data, so we must include our own human perception into our model. Human perception must be included if our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions. As a society, we make informed choices about how to use the beneficial effects of climate, such as deciding when and where to plant crops. We also make choices about how to minimize the harmful effects of climate-storms, blizzards, and droughts. 1.Why does the author discuss different parts of the earth’s surface in paragraph 1? A.To explain why humans live in some parts but not in others B.To show that the entire earth is made of the same materials C.To compare how various surfaces transfer heat into the atmosphere D.To describe changes in the earth’s appearance throughout the year. 2.According to the author, why must we include human perception in our study of climate? A.We must interpret data and take actions related to climate B.We must create an interesting model of the climate system C.We must develop an understanding of our environment D.We must change our traditional ways of studying climate. (思考)3. Read the sentence below and write an essay which will have a minimum of 100 words. Our understanding of climatic processes is to be translated into societal actions. |
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| 第4题：A condenser is a heat exchanger （） steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form. A. what B. in which C. in whose D. that |
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| 第5、6、7题：One of the most interesting and distinctive of all uses of language is commentary. An oral reporting of ongoing activity, commentary is used in such public arenas as political ceremonies, parades, funerals, fashion shows and cooking demonstrations. The most frequently occurring type of commentary may be that connected with sports and games. In sports there are two kinds of commentary, and both are often used for the same sporting event. “play-by-play” commentary narrates the sports event, while “color –adding” or “color” commentary provides the audience with pre-event background, during-event interpretation, and post-event evaluation. Color commentary is usually conversational in style and can be a dialogue with two or more commentators. Play-by-play commentary is of interest to linguists because it is unlike other kinds of narrative, which are typically reported in past tense. Play-by-play commentary is reported in present tense. Some examples are “he takes the lead by four” and “she’s in position.” One linguist characterizes radio play-by-play commentary as “a monologue directed at an unknown, unseen mass audience who voluntarily choose to listen…and provide no feedback to the speaker.” It is these characteristics that make this kind of commentary unlike any other type of speech situation. The chief feature of play-by-play commentary is a highly formulaic style of presentation. There is distinctive grammar not only in the use of the present tense but also in the omission of certain elements of sentence structure. For example “Smith in close” eliminates the verb, as some newspaper headlines do. Another example is inverted word order, as in “over at third is Johnson.” Play-by-play commentary is very fluent, keeping up with the pace of the action. The rate is steady and there is little silence. The structure of the commentary is cyclical, reflecting the way most games consist of recurring sequences of short activities-as in tennis and baseball-or a limited number of activity options-as in the various kinds of football. In racing, the structure is even simpler, with the commentator informing the listener of the varying order of the competitors in a “state of play” summary, which is crucial for listeners or viewers who have just tuned in. 1.Which of the following statements is true of color commentary? A.It narrates the action of the event in real time, using the present tense. B.It is a monologue given to an audience that does not respond to the speaker. C.It is steady and fluent because it must keep up with the action of the event. D.It gives background on the event, and interprets and evaluates the event. 2.Why does the author quote a linguist in paragraph 2? A.To describe the uniqueness of radio play-by-play B.To show how technical sports commentary is C.To give examples of play-by-play commentary D.To criticize past trends in sports commentary 3.It can be inferred from the passage that the author most likely agrees with which of the following statements about sports commentary? A.Color commentary is more important than play-by-play commentary B.Sports commentators do not need special knowledge of the sport. C.Commentary enhances the excitement and enjoyment of sports. D.Sports commentators should work hard to improve their grammar. |
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| 第8题： Some critics maintain （） the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution. A. is that B. that there is C. it is D. that |
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