| 托福考试易错题（2019/1/9） |
| 第1题：If you could study a subject that you have never learned, what would you chooseExplain your choice, using specific reasons and details in your explanation. |
| 【分析题】： |
| 第2题：What can be inferred from the lecture A、The theory of gravitational condensation is supported by observation. B、The theory of gravitational condensation is disproved by observation. C、The theory of gravitational condensation is irrelevant to observation. D、Observation has modified the theory of gravitational condensation. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第3题： Archeology Archeology, the branch of anthropology that is devoted to the study of the human past, often focuses on the period before people began to keep written records.Archeologists study the origin, spread, and evolution of culture by examining the remains of past societies. They share the task of other kinds of anthropologists in that they are trying to understand human behavior. The difference is that their materials are generally the unwritten records of past societies. They cannot sit down with living members of those societies and talk about what they have founD、They cannot even observe living people, but must interpret the material evidence left by people long deaD、Many archeologists distinguish between prehistoric archeology, which is the study of extinct cultures that left no written records, and historic archeology, which is the investigation of those groups for whom there are written materials to accompany the archeological evidence. What, then, can archeology contribute to our understanding of human culture and social behavior First, we can learn much about the technology of early peoples through their material remains, as well as through analysis of such aspects of their life style as what they ate. We can tell, for example, whether a particular group lived mainly by hunting or fishing or by farming. A、second aspect of the life of early peoples that is revealed to us through archeology is their economic practices. For example, sometimes we find pottery or jewelry made from materials that are known to have been available only in distant places. This usually means that these items were not made at the site but were obtained through some other means—either by traveling to the place where they are available or by trading with other groups. If we put together a picture of the distribution of such items over time, we can get an idea of the interactions among neighboring groups, and this in turn gives us clues about other aspects of culture that might have been borrowed or traded as well. Less evident than economics or technology, but still recognizable, is the political and social structure of past cultures. We can assume a great deal about the way a city was organized from the layout of the buildings and the types of housing found there. For example, if we find a large temple in the center of an ancient city and it is surrounded by fairly large dwelling sites, while the buildings on the outskirts of the settlement are smaller, we know that there were probably at least two classes of people and that the temple was at the center of the city not only in a physical sense but socially as well. Finally, archeological evidence can reveal a great deal about certain aspects of the religious and spiritual life of ancient societies.A、[■] When we are fortunate enough to find temples or other religious structures, we can determine their importance and their influence on the society.B、[■]But in other areas, it is very hard to interpret the evidence. C、[■] Thus we know little about ancient peoples’ belief systems, or their values and morals, their feelings about spirits, and so forth.D、[■]Even when we find material objects that might suggest such beliefs, we cannot ask anyone to explain their meaning but must go on what we know about other aspects of that society and later societies that seem to be similar to it. In sum, archeology gives us a chance to look into the past of the human species.But it is like doing a jigsaw puzzle with most of the pieces missing, and without a picture of the finished puzzle on the box to work from. We have a few things that fit together: we can guess about many others; but we really don’t have enough to put it all together with complete confidence.Every new piece we find fits somewhere, though, and we never know when the next piece will give us the key to a whole new section of the puzzle of |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第4题： The passage suggests that the earliest stoneware A．was decorated with simple, abstract designs B．used three-dimensional decorations C．was valued for its fancy decorations D．had no decoration |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第5题： LANGSTON HUGHES 1 Among the many talentedAfricanAmerican writers connected with the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s and 1930s, Langston Hughes was the most popular in his time. His two most important achievements were the incorporation of the rhythms of black music into his poetry and the creation of an authentic black folk speaker in the character of JesseB、Semple. Through both poetry and storytelling, Hughes captured in written form the dominant oral and improvisatory traditions of black culture. 2Langston Hughes was born in Missouri in 1902. He began to write poetry in high school and later attendedColumbia University in New York.After one year at university, Hughes commenced a nomadic life in the United States andEurope. He shipped out as a merchant marine and worked in a Paris nightclub, all the while writing and publishing poetry. His prolific literary career was launched in 1926 with the publication of his first book, The WearyBlues, a collection of poems onAfricanAmerican themes set to rhythms from jazz and blues. His first novel appeared in 1930, and from that point on Hughes was known as "the bard of Harlem." 3In the activist 1930s, Hughes was a public figure. He worked as a journalist, published works in several media, and foundedAfricanAmerican theaters in New York,Chicago, and LosAngeles. Hughes’s concern with race, mainly in an urban setting, is evident in his poetry, plays, screenplays, novels, and short stories. His poetry includes lyrics about black life and black pride as well as poems of racial protest. His major prose writings are those concerned with the character JesseB、Semple, a shrewd but supposedly ignorant Harlem resident nicknamed Simple. Simple was a wise fool, an honest man who saw through sham and spoke plainly. The Simple stories were originally published as newspaper sketches and later collected in five book volumes. 4 By the 1960s, readers preferred themes that reflected the struggles of the times, and Hughes’s writings were overshadowed by those of a younger generation of black poets. However, in more recent decades, scholars and readers have rediscovered Hughes and regard him as a major literary and social influence. His poetry and stories remain an enduring legacy of the Harlem Renaissance, and for this reason his position in theAmerican canon is secure. The word overshadowed in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to A、copied B、respected C、performed D、dominated |
| 【单选题】： |