| 托福考试易错题（2019/4/12） |
| 第1题：(Most) fish swim by (moving) their tails from (side to) side, with (little relatively) body undulation A、Most B．moving C．little relatively D．side to |
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| 第2题： Beneath the surface of the ocean there lies a hidden world inhabit by plants and animals we rarely see.
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| 第3题：Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation and the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. if a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue.Chicago, for example, possesses an almost unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world’s finest large farming regions. These factors ensured thatChicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity. Similarly, it can be argued that much of New YorkCity’s importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadephia andBoston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New York’s location at the western end of one of the world’s most important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection (the Hudson-Mohawk lowland) to the vast Midwestern hinterlanD、This account does not alone explain New York’s primacy, but it does include several important factors.Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristic as slope, drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help to determine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stages of city development than later. According to the passage, a city’s situation is more important than its site in regard to the city’s. A、long-term growth and prosperity B、ability to protect its citizenry C、possession of favorable weather conditions D、need to import food supplies |
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| 第4题：Industrialization came to the United State after 1790 as NorthAmerican entrepreneurs increased productivity by reorganizing work and building factories. These innovations in manufacturing boosted output and living standards to an unprecedented extent; the average per capita wealth increased by nearly 1 percent per year―30 percent over(5) the course of a generation. Goods that had once been luxury items became part of everyday life. The impressive gain in output stemmed primarily from the way in which workers made goods, since the 1790’’s, NorthAmerican entrepreneurs―even without technological improvements―had broadened the scope of the outwork system that mace manufacturing(10)more efficient by distributing materials to a succession of workers who each performed a single step of the production process. For example, during the 1820’’s and 1830’’s the shoe industry greatly expanded the scale and extend of me outwork system. Tens of thousands of rural women, paid according to the amount they produced, fabricated the "uppers" of shoes, which were bound to the soles by wage-earning journeymen shoemakers in dozens(15)of massachusetts towns, whereas previously journeymen would have made the enure shoe. This system of production made the employer a powerful "shoe boss" and eroded workers’’ control over the pace and conditions of labor. However, it also dramatically increased the output of shoes while cutting their price. For tasks that were not suited to the outwork system, entrepreneurs created an even(20)more important new organization, the modem factory, which used power-driven machines and assembly-line techniques to turn out large quantities of well-made goods.As early as 1782 the prolificDelaware inventor OliverEvans had buiit a highly automated, laborsaving flour mill driven by water power. His machinery lifted the grain to the top of the mill, cleaned it as it fell into containers known as hoppers, ground the grain into flour,25)and then conveyed the flour back to the top of the mill to allow it to cool as it desended into barrels. Subsequently, manufacturers made use of new improved stationary steam engines to power their mills. This new technology enabled them to build factories in the nation’’s largest cities, taking advantage of urban concentrations of inexpensive labor, good transportation networks, and eager customers.The word "scope" in line 9 is closest in meaning to A、value B．popularity C．extent D．diversity |
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| 第5题： {{B}}ListeningComprehension SectionDirections{{/B}} This section measures your ability to understand conversations and lectures inEnglish. You will hear each conversation or lecture only one time.After each conversation or lecture, you will answer some questions about it. The questions typically ask about the main idea and supporting details. Some questions ask about a speaker’s purpose or attitude.Answer the questions based on what is stated or implied by the speakers. You may take notes while you listen. You may use your notes to help you answer the questions. Your notes will not be score D、 If you need to change the volume while you listen, click on the Volume icon at the top of the screen. In some questions, you will see this icon:. This means that you will hear, but not see part of the question. Some of the questions have special directions. These directions appear in a gray box on the screen. Most questions are worth one point. If a question is worth more than one point, it will have special directions that indicate how many points you can receive. You must answer each question.After you answer, click on Next. Then click on OK to confirm your answer and go on to the next question.After you click on OK, you cannot return to previous questions. You will have 20 minutes to answer the questions in this section.A、clock at the top of the screen will show you how much time is remaining. The clock will not count down while you are listening to test material. {{B}}Changing the Volume{{/B}} To change the volume, click on the Volume icon at the top of the screen. The volume control will appear. Move the volume indicator to the left or to the right to change the volume. To close the volume control, move the mouse pointer to another part of the screen. You will be able to change the volume during the test if you need to. {{B}}Set 1Conversation:Problem withAssignment{{/B}} Listen to a part of a lecture in a music class. {$mediaurl} |