| 托福考试易错题（2019/5/30） |
| 第1题： The word "rotting" in line 4 is closest in meaning to A．(decaying B．(collected C．(expanding D．(cultivated |
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| 第2题：Archaeological discoveries have led some scholars to believe that the first Mesopotamian inventors of writing may have been a people the laterBabylonians called Subarians.According to tradition, they came from the north and moved into Uruk in the south.By about 3100 B、C, They Were apparently subjugated in southern Mesopotamia by the Sumerians, whose name became(5) synonymous with the region immediately north of the Persian Gulf, in the fertile lower valleys of the Tigris andEuphrates. Here the Sumerians were already well established by the year 3000 B、C、 They had invented bronze, an alloy that could be cast in molds, out of which they made tools and weapons. They lived in cities, and they had begun to acquire and use capital. Perhaps most important, the Sumerians adapted writing (probably from the Subarians) into a flexible tool of(10) communication. Archacologists have known about the Sumerians for over 150 years.Archacologists working at Nineveh in northern Mesopotamia in the mid-nineteenth century found many inscribed clay tablets. Some they could decipher because the language was a Semitic oneAkkadian), on which scholars had already been working for a generation.But other tablets were inscribed in another language(15) that was not Semitic and previously unknown.Because these inscriptions mad reference to the king of Summer andAkkad, a scholar suggested that the mew language be called Sumerian. But it was not until the 1890’’s that archaeologists excavating in city-states well to the south of Nieveh found many thousands of tablets inscribed in Sumerian only.Because theAkkadians thought of Sumerian as a classical language (as ancient Greek and Latin are considered today),(20) they taught it to educated persons and they inscribed vocabulary, translation exercised, and other study aids on tablets. Working from knownAkkadian to previously unknown Sumerian, scholars since the 1890’’s have learned how to read the Sumerian language moderately well. Vast quantities of tablets in Sumerian have been unearthed during the intervening years from numerous sites. According to the passage, in what way did the Sumerian language resemble ancient Greek and Latin A、It Was invented in Mesopotami A、 B、It became well established around 3000 B、C、 C．It became a classical language. D．It was used exclusively for business transactions. |
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| 第3题： The word "accumulated" in line 8 is closest in meaning to A．( depended B．( matured C．( dissolved D．( collected |
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| 第4题：The wide variety of climates in NorthAmerica has helped spawn a complex pattern of soil regions. In general, the realm’’s soils also reflect the broad environmental partitioning into "humidAmerica" and "aridAmeric A、" Where annual precipitation exceeds 20 inches (50 centimeters),soils in humid areas tend to be acidic in chemical content, Since crops(5) do best in soils that ale neither acidic(higher in acid content) nor alkaline(higher in salt content).fertilization is necessary to achieve the desired level of neutrality between the two.AridAmerica’’s soils are typically alkaline and must be fertilized back toward neutrality by adding acidic compounds.Although many of these dryland soils, particularly in the Great Plains, are quite fertile,European settlers learned over a century ago that(10) water is the main missing ingredient in achieving their agricultural potential. In the 1970’’s, certain irrigation methods were perfected and finally provided a real opportunity to expand more intensive farming west from theCentral Lowland into the drier portions of the Great Plains. Glaciation also enhanced the rich legacy of fertile soils in the central United States, both from the deposition of mineral-rich glacial debris left by meltwater(15) and from thick layers of fine wind-blown glacial material, called loess, in and around the middle Mississippi Valley. Natural vegetation patterns could be displayed on a map of NorthAmerica, but the enormous human modification of the NorthAmerican environment in modem times has all but reduced this regionalization scheme to the level of the hypothetical. Nonetheless,(20) the humidAmerica-aridAmerica dichotomy is still a valid generalization: the natural vegetation of areas receiving more than 20 inches of water yearly is forest, whereas the drier climates give rise to a grassland cover. The forests of NorthAmerica tent to make a broad transition by latitude. In theCanadian North, needle-leaf forests dominate, but these coniferous trees become mixed with broadleaf deciduous trees as one crosses the(25) border into the Northeast United StatesAs one proceeds toward the Southeast, broadleaf vegetation becomes dominant.AridAmerica mostly consists of short-grass prairies or stepper. The only areas of true desert are in the Southwest. The phrase "this regionalization scheme" in line 19 refers to the A、movements of glacial deposits B．patterns of natural vegetation C．human modification of the NorthAmerican environment D．distinction between humidAmerica and aridAmerica |
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| 第5题：Corvids are sociable and tend to form social groups. This is particularly true of rooks, which stay in their flocks all year roun D、The raven, largest of the corvids, joins a social group as a juvenile, pairing off at around the age of three and mating for life.Courtship can involve such games as pair snow sliding and the synchronized flight test.Corvids can be found all over the worl D、The adaptability and intelligence of this family have made them extremely successful. For centuries, the raven and the crow have held a special place in the mythology of various cultures. 2. It can be inferred from the passage that corvids are A．a family of birds B．games for children C．members of a sports club D、imaginary beings |
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