托福考试易错题（2019/6/28）

第1题：What is the professor’s reason for saying this A、Because the consumer has already used many credit cards. B、Because the consumer has spent too much money buying things. C、Because the consumer overspends and cannot make her payments. D、Because the consumer forgets to pay her credit bill.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：The banking systems of the world have many similarities, _________ they alsp differ, sometimes in quite material respects. A、of which B．in spite of C．but D．how

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题： Country Music A、commercial offshoot of the folk music of the rural South, country music is anAmerican art form that gained worldwide appeal after World War Ⅱ. Originally known as hillbilly or mountain music, country music grew from the folk music that was brought to NorthAmerica byAnglo-Celtic settlers in the 1700s and 1800s. The music changed as it came in contact with ethnic music--AcadianCajun) in Louisiana, Latin in the Southwest,African throughout much of the South--and such popular music as that found in vaudeville, minstrel shows, and Hawaiian tent shows. It was also called country and Western music because of its popularity with cowboys. Traditionally country musicians have been most proficient on stringed instruments. The violin, or fiddle, was the most popular instrument on the frontier because of its easy portability. To this day fiddle contests remain a feature of the country music scene. The banjo was adapted from theAfricanAmerican culture, and the five-siring model is now universally popular among performers of the style known as bluegrass. The guitar has long been a staple of country music bands and singers. String bass and Hawaiian guitar have been used since the 1920s, and their modern descendants are the electric bass and the pedal steel guitar.Drums, pianos, and electrified instruments, used as early as the 1930s by Western swing bands, are heard on country recordings from the 1950s. In 1922 radio stations WBAP in Fort Worth, Tex. , and WSB、inAtlanta, GA、, broadcast shows called barn dances, modeled after the informal social dancing of the frontier.Chicago’s WLS started what became the NationalBarnDance in 1924, and WSM in Nashville, Tenn., began itsBarnDance in November 1925, just one month after going on the air. Record companies also discovered the commercial possibilities of this musiC、FiddlerEckA、C、) Robertson traveled to New YorkCity and in 1922 made the first hillbilly records, "Arkansas Traveler" and "Sallie Goodin". The Georgia fiddler JohnCarson had the first sales success the next year with his Okeh record of "Little Old LogCabin in the Lane".A、Texas native who actually had voice training and light opera experience, VernonDalhart (his real name was Marion Slaughter) sold millions of records in the 1920s for dozens of different companies. His first big sellers were "The Prisoner’s Song" and "The Wreck of the Old 97" for Victor in 1924. In 1927 Jimmie Rodgers, originally a yodeler, made his first recordings.Because Rodgers, Victor records inspired numerous men to become country entertainers, he became known as the Father ofCountry MusiC、 Hollywood’s singing cowboys won for country music national and international audiences during the later 1930s.Even though record sales for country and other types of music slipped during the GreatDepression, radio continued to broadcast a large array of live country music talent, usually in the early morning, noon, or late night hours. New barn dances were heard on the airwaves, and two of the local shows gained network radio audiences during the 1930s. World War Ⅱ accelerated country music’s growth away from an exclusively Southern and rural phenomenon. Southern servicemen took the music with them to far-flung parts of the nation and the world, while civilian defense workers from the South brought their love of the music into the various centers of war production. The postwar years brought a newfound national prosperity, which boosted country music to greater commercial heights. Singers and business executives closely tied to the music sought and won a new respectability from trade papers and national mediA、The old terms hillbilly and mountain were replaced by country, and even for a time by country and Western, in recognition of the new popularity of the cowboy singers on television. 【单选题】： A     B     C     D

THE、TRICKSTER FIGURE、IN MYTHOLOGY
1In the study of mythology, the character known as the trickster is a god, spirit, human, or animal who breaks the rules of the gods or nature, sometimes maliciously but usually with results that are positive. The rule breaking often takes the form of {{B}}mischief{{/B}} or {{B}}thievery{{/B}}. The trickster is usually male but occasionally disguises himself in female form. He can be cunning or foolish, or both, and often very humorous. His curiosity leads him into trouble, but he rescues himself with his sly wit. {{U}}When he plays tricks, he performs important cultural tasks that benefit humans, and for this reason the trickster is a significant figure in world mythology. {{/U}}
2In different cultures, the trickster and the hero are combined in various ways. In Greek mythology, Prometheus steals fire from the gods and gives it to humans, a feat making him more of a hero than a trickster, and he is usually portrayed as an intellectual. In many NativeAmerican stories,Coyote also steals fire from the gods, butCoyote is usually more of a jokester or a prankster than an intellectual.
3The trickster is both creator and destroyer, giver and taker, one who tricks others and is tricked in return. The {{U}}pranks{{/U}} of the trickster are compulsive and uncontrollable. He does not act consciously; he acts out of passion and impulse. He knows neither good nor evil, yet he is responsible for {{U}}both{{/U}}. He possesses no morals, yet through his behavior morality comes into being.According to psychologistCarl Jung, the trickster is "a primitive cosmic being of divine-animal nature, on the one hand superior to man because of his superhuman qualities, and on the other hand inferior to him because of his unreason and unconsciousness."
4In NativeAmerican mythology, the majority of trickster myths concern the creation or transformation of the earth. Such stories have a trickster who is always wandering, who is always hungry, who is not guided by normal ideas of good and evil, and who possesses some magical powers. In some stories he is a deity, and in others he is an animal or human subject to death. Several of these myths feature Raven orCoyote as the trickster-hero.
5In many creation myths of the Pacific Northwest, Raven illustrates the transformational nature of tricksters. Raven is the greatest shapeshifter of all and can change into anything to get what he wants. In one story, there is darkness at the beginning of the world, so Raven decides he will find light. He flies far from the earth, searching in the darkness, until he spots a glimmer of light coming from a window in the house of the gods. Raven knows the gods are protective of their possessions, so he devises a trick. He perches on a pine branch next to the house and watches each day as the chief god’s daughter draws water from a nearby lake. He magically transforms himself into a {{B}}pinyon seed{{/B}} and falls into the girl’s drinking cup. The girl swallows the seed, which grows within her body, and she eventually gives birth to a boy. The child delights his grandparents, and his laughter tricks the elder gods into revealing where they hide a shining ball of light. The gods give the child the ball to play with, and then Raven transforms back to a bird and flies off carrying the ball of light in his beak. He hangs the ball-the sun-in the sky, bringing light to the worlD、
6 Coyote’s character is similar to that of Raven’s, and both appear in stories carrying out similar roles. In several stories from theAmerican Southwest,Coyote steals fire from a group of "fire beings" and gives it to humans. In some talesCoyote wants to make human life more interesting, so he introduces sicknes

第4题：{{B}}Set 4{{/B}}

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：神经元细胞/Ragtime Music(经典加试)

【分析题】：