托福考试

【单选题】Listening 5 "MusicAppreciationClass"
{$mediaurl} What is the main purpose Of the lecture
A、To explain chamber music
B、To give examples of composers
C、To congratulate the University Quartet
D、To introduce madrigal singing
网考网参考答案：A
网考网解析：
[解析] 23-28 [Narrator] Listen to part of a lecture in a music appreciation class. [Professor] As you know, tonight’s the concert that I want you to attend so I’ll keep the class short today. Let me tell Q23 you a little bit about the history of chamber music so you’ll be prepared to appreciate the music that you hear tonight. The University Quartet is one of the best in the region so you’ll be hearing an excellent example... anyway... about chamber music. From medieval times through the eighteenth century, musicians in Europe had basically two options for employment—the church or the nobility. So... when they weren’t creating pieces for religious occasions and performing at church functions... musicians were playing in the chambers of stately homes. Now a chamber is the name for a room where guests Q24 may be assembled, kind of like a hall. And because of their association with this room, this chamber, the musicians who played. for the wealthy patrons came be known as chamber players. Chamber music is written to be performed by a relatively small group... more than one, but fewer than a dozen musicians. I should tell you that pieces for more than eight players are unusual though, and it’s very rare to see a conductor. It may surprise you to know that any combination of instruments can be used for chamber music. The strings, woodwinds, and piano are so often associated with chamber music and... uh... they remain the most popular, even today, but chamber music has been written for other instruments as well. Well, the history of chamber music is usually divided into three distinct periods. In the Classical Q28 Period ... and that extends from the mid seventeen hundreds to around 1820... so in the classical period, chamber music, like many other expressions of the arts... it reacted to the extravagant Q25 Baroque style by creating new structures; and these structures expressed simplicity; balance, and order. It was the age of the Enlightenment with the ideals of logic and reason. So this translated into compositions with one melodic line. Uh, the line... the melody... it was usually written for the violin and all other instruments provided an accompaniment. Early chamber music in the Classical tradition often included the recorder, the harpsichord, and the viola. Vienna was a... a... hub... of activity... for chamber music, and three composers dominated the artistic scene. Franz Joseph Haydn is generally credited with organizing the string quartet, and he produced more than 80 pieces for it... the quartet. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart also composed chamber music, including not only quartets but also quintets, and trios with clarinet, and even piano sonatas. Since the music was relatively simple, many amateurs played for their own enjoyment. This was new, Q25 but by then, music was being printed and more people had access to it. So music rooms became popular and people played chamber music as a social activity. Well, it was Ludwig Von Beethoven who probably bridged between the Classical Period and the Romantic Period, and I say that because his works were longer and... and perhaps more complex than Q26 his predecessors. And I find this amazing since the later quartets were all created when he was totally deaf. In any case, composers and performers were beginning to... to break free of the formal confines of the Classical Period. Their works became increasingly more difficult, expressing some of the high emotions of the nineteenth century, which, as you will recall the backdrop of that century... the French and the American revolutions... they were defining moments. So Chopin, Liszt, and Wagner wrote very little chamber music... because they preferred the emotional power of the full orchestra... or, uh, the pers 查看试题解析出处>>