托福习题练习
| 托福考试易错题（2019/11/5） |
| 第1题：________. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by the glass industry. A、Despite B．Whether C．Though D．Except for |
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| 第2题：Reading 4 "Migration fromAsia" TheAsian migration hypothesis is today supported by most of the scientific evidence. The first "hard" data linkingAmerican Indians withAsians appeared in the 1980s with the finding that Indians and northeastAsians share a common and distinctive pattern in the arrangement of the teeth.But perhaps the most compelling support for the hypothesis comes from genetic research. Studies comparing theDNA、variation of populations around the world consistently demonstrate the close genetic relationship of the two populations, and recently geneticists studying a virus sequestered in the kidneys of all humans found that the strain of virus carried by Navajos and Japanese is nearly identical, while that carried byEuropeans andAfricans is quite different. → The migration could have begun over a land bridge connecting the continents.During the last IceAge 70,000 to 10,000 years ago, huge glaciers locked up massive volumes of water and sea levels were as much as 300 feet lower than today.Asia and NorthAmerica were joined by a huge subcontinent of icefree, treeless grassland, 750 miles wide. Geologists have named this areaBeringia, from theBering Straits. Summers there were warm, winters were cold, dry and almost snow-free. This was a perfect environment for large mammals—mammoth and mastodon, bison, horse, reindeer, camel, and saiga (a goatlike antelope). Small bands of StoneAge hunter-gatherers were attracted by these animal populations, which provided them not only with food but with hides for clothing and shelter, dung for fuel, and bones for tools and weapons. Accompanied by a husky-like species of dog, hunting bands gradually moved as far east as the Yukon River basin of northernCanada, where field excavations have uncovered the fossilized jawbones of several dogs and bone tools estimated to be about 27,000 years olD、 → Other evidence suggests that the migration fromAsia began about 30,000 years ago—around the same time that Japan and Scandinavia were being settleD、This evidence is based on blood type. The vast majority of modern NativeAmericans have type O blood and a few have typeA, but almost none have typeB、Because modernAsian populations include all three blood types, however, the migrations must have begun before the evolution of typeB, which geneticists believe occurred about 30,000 years ago. By 25,000 years ago human communities were established in westernBeringia, which is present-dayAlaskA、 E、glacial melting created an ice-free corridor along the eastern front range of the Rocky Mountains.  Soon hunters of big game had reached the Great Plains.→ In the past several years, however, new archaeological finds along the Pacific coast of North and SouthAmerica have thrown this theory into question.  The most spectacular find, at Monte Verde in southernChile, produced striking evidence of tool making, house building, rock painting, and human footprints conservatively dated at 12,500 years ago, tong before the highway had been cleared of ice.  Many archaeologists now believe that migrants moved south in boats along a coastal route rather than overlanD、These people were probably gatherers and fishers rather than hunters of big game.→ There were two later migrations into NorthAmericA、About 5000B、C、 E、theAthapascan or Na-Dene people began to settle the forests in the northw |
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| 第3题：【学生困难】：女生图书馆看书突然想起十分钟之后要去做presentation.男生说下大雨出不去。【解决方案】：男的给她伞，但要等他拿过来需要时间，所有女的会迟到；女的不借伞直接冲去做presentation不会迟到，但是淋得一身湿【问题】：Briefly summarize the problem and two possible solutions. Then state which solution you recommend and explain why. |
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| 第4题：Many ants forage across the countryside in large numbers and undertake massmigrations; these activities proceed because one ant lays a trail on the ground for the othersto follow.As a worker ant returns home after finding a source of food, it marks the route by intermittently touching its stinger to the ground and depositing a tiny amount of trail(5)pheromone—a mixture of chemicals that delivers diverse messages as the context changes. These trails incorporate no directional information and may be followed by other ants in either direction.Unlike some other messages, such as the one arising from a dead ant, a food trail has to be kept secret from members of other species. It is not surprising then that ant species use(10)a wide variety of compounds as trail pheromones.Ants can be extremely sensitive to thesesignals. Investigators working with the trail pheromone of the leafcutter antAtta texana calculatedthat one milligram of this substance would suffice to lead a column of ants three times around Earth.The vapor of the evaporating pheromone over the trail guides an ant along the way, (15)and the ant detects this signal with receptors in its antennae. A、trail pheromone will evaporate to furnish the highest concentration of vapor right over the trail, in what is called avapor space. In following the trail, the ant moves to the right and left, oscillating from sideto side across the line of the trail itself, bringing first one and then the other antenna intothe vapor space.As the ant moves to the right, its left antenna arrives in the vapor space. (20)The signal it receives causes it to swing to the left, and the ant then pursues this new courseuntil its right antenna reaches the vapor space. It then swings back to the right, and so weaves back and forth down the trail. The phrase “the one” in line 8 refers to a single A、message B．dead ant C．food trail D．species |
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| 第5题： {{B}}Narrator{{/B}} Listen to a part of a talk in a history lecture. |
B．They got the excuses for theCivil War.
C．They gained international recognition.
D．They didn’t get anything from the war.