【单选题】thE tAllEr oF All AnimAls, A Full-grown girAFFE mAy BE EightEEn FEEt or morE high.
【单选题】in A stoCk CompAny, A troupE oF ACtors pErForms in A pArtiCulAr thEAtEr, prEsEnting plAys From its rEpErtory oF prEpArE
proDuCtions.
【单选题】 BECAusE it is oFtEn DEpEnDEnt oF thE ConDitions oF CrystAllizAtion, thE Composition oF thE minErAls in A roCk CAn BE importAnt in DEtErmining thE roCk's gEologiC history.
【单选题】 The law of biogenesis is the principle what all living organisms are derived from a parent or parents.
【单选题】 The invention of reinforced concrete, plate glass, and steel in the mid-1800's (was enabled) architects(to design) and build (extremely tall) constructions, (or) "skyscrapers."
A.was enabled
B.to design
C.extremely tall
D.or
A.was enabled
B.to design
C.extremely tall
D.or
【单选题】rEADing 4 "Four stAgEs oF plAnEtAryDEvElopmEnt"
plAnEtAryDEvElopmEnt
→ in our stuDy oF thE plAnEtEArth, wE will FinD A Four-stAgE history oF plAnEtAry DEvElopmEnt. thE moon AnD All thE tErrEstriAl plAnEts hAvE pAssED through thEsE stAgEs, Although DiFFErEnCEs in thE wAy thE plAnEts wErE AltErED By thEsE stAgEs hAvE proDuCED DrAmAtiCAlly DiFFErEnt worlDs. thE moon, For ExAmplE, is muCh likEEArth, But its Evolution hAs BEEn DrAmAtiCAlly AltErED By its smAllEr sizE.As wE ExplorE thE solAr systEm, wE will DisCovEr not EntirEly nEw proCEssEs But rAthEr FAmiliAr EFFECts working in slightly DiFFErEnt wAys.
thE Four stAgEs
thE First stAgE oF plAnEtAry Evolution is DiFFErEntiAtion, thE sEpArAtion oF mAtEriAl ACCorDing to DEnsity.EArth now hAs A DEnsE CorE AnD A lowEr-DEnsity Crust, AnD thAt struCturE must hAvE originAtED vEry EArly.
DiFFErEntiAtion woulD hAvE oCCurrED EAsily iFEArth wErE moltEn whEn it wAs young. two sourCEs oF hEAt CoulD hAvE hEAtEDEArth. First, hEAt oF FormAtion woulD BE CrEAtED By in-FAlling mAtEriAl.A、mEtEoritE hittingEArth At high vEloCity ConvErts most oF its EnErgy oF motion into hEAt, AnD thE in-FAlling oF A lArgE numBEr oF mEtEoritEs CoulD rElEAsE trEmEnDous hEAt. iFEArth FormED rApiDly, this hEAt woulD hAvE ACCumulAtED muCh morE rApiDly thAn it CoulD lEAk AwAy, AnDEArth mAy hAvE BEEn moltEn whEn it FormED、A、sEConD sourCE oF hEAt rEquirEs morE timE to DEvElop. thE DECAy oF rADioACtivE ElEmEnts trAppED in thEEArth rElEAsEs hEAt grADuAlly; But, As soon AsEArth FormED, thAt hEAt woulD hAvE BEgun to ACCumulAtE AnD CoulD hAvE hElpED mEltEArth to FACilitAtE DiFFErEntiAtion. most oFEArth’s rADioACtivE ElEmEnts ArE now ConCEntrAtED in thE Crust, whErE thEy ContinuE to wArm AnD soFtEn thE roCk lAyErs.
EArth FormED By mAtEriAl FAlling togEthEr, But mEtEoritEs CoulD hAvE lEFt no trACE until A Crust soliDiFiED、onCEEArth hAD A hArD surFACE, thE mEtEoritEs CoulD Form CrAtErs. this sEConD stAgE in plAnEtAry Evolution, CrAtEring, wAs violEnt. thE hEAvy BomBArDmEnt wAs intEnsE BECAusE thE solAr nEBulA wAs FillED with roCky AnD iCy DEBris, AnD thE youngEArth wAs BAttErED By mEtEoritEs thAt pulvErizED thE nEwly Forming Crust. thE lArgEst mEtEoritEs BlAstED out CrAtEr BAsins hunDrEDs oF kilomEtErs in DiAmEtEr.As thE solAr nEBulA ClEArED, thE Amount oF DEBris DECrEAsED, AnD thE lEvEl oF CrAtEring FEll to its prEsEnt low lEvEl.Although mEtEoritEs still oCCAsionAlly strikEEArth AnD Dig CrAtErs, CrAtEring is no longEr thE DominAnt inFluEnCE onEArth’s gEology.As wE CompArE othEr worlDs withEArth, wE will DisCovEr trACEs oF this intEnsE pErioD oF CrAtEring, thE hEAvy BomBArDmEnt, on EvEry olD surFACE in thE solAr systEm.
→ thE thirD stAgE, FlooDing, no DouBt BEgAn whilE CrAtEring wAs still intEnsE. thE FrACturing oF thE Crust AnD thE hEAting CAusED By rADioACtivE DECAy AllowED moltEn roCk just BElow thE Crust to wEll up through FissurEs AnD FlooD thE DEEpEr BAsins. wE will DisCuss suCh FlooDED BAsins on othEr worlDs, suCh As thE moon, But All trACEs oF this EArly lAvA FlooDing hAvE BEEn DEstroyED By lAtEr gEologiCAl ACtivity inEArth’s Crust. onEArth, FlooDing ContinuED As thE AtmosphErE CoolED AnD wAtEr FEll As rAin, Filling thE DEEpEst BAsins to proDuCE thE First oCEAns.
notiCE thAt onEArth FlooDing involvEs Both lAvA AnD wAtEr, A CirCumstAnCE thAt wE will not FinD on most worlDs.
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thE Fourth stAgE, slow surFACE Evolution, hAs ContinuED For thE lAst 3.5 Billion yEArs or morE.
EArth’s surFACE is ConstAntly ChAnging As sECtions oF Crust sliDE ovEr EACh othEr, push up mountAins, AnD shiFt ContinEnts.
Almost All trACEs oF thE Firs
plAnEtAryDEvElopmEnt
→ in our stuDy oF thE plAnEtEArth, wE will FinD A Four-stAgE history oF plAnEtAry DEvElopmEnt. thE moon AnD All thE tErrEstriAl plAnEts hAvE pAssED through thEsE stAgEs, Although DiFFErEnCEs in thE wAy thE plAnEts wErE AltErED By thEsE stAgEs hAvE proDuCED DrAmAtiCAlly DiFFErEnt worlDs. thE moon, For ExAmplE, is muCh likEEArth, But its Evolution hAs BEEn DrAmAtiCAlly AltErED By its smAllEr sizE.As wE ExplorE thE solAr systEm, wE will DisCovEr not EntirEly nEw proCEssEs But rAthEr FAmiliAr EFFECts working in slightly DiFFErEnt wAys.
thE Four stAgEs
thE First stAgE oF plAnEtAry Evolution is DiFFErEntiAtion, thE sEpArAtion oF mAtEriAl ACCorDing to DEnsity.EArth now hAs A DEnsE CorE AnD A lowEr-DEnsity Crust, AnD thAt struCturE must hAvE originAtED vEry EArly.
DiFFErEntiAtion woulD hAvE oCCurrED EAsily iFEArth wErE moltEn whEn it wAs young. two sourCEs oF hEAt CoulD hAvE hEAtEDEArth. First, hEAt oF FormAtion woulD BE CrEAtED By in-FAlling mAtEriAl.A、mEtEoritE hittingEArth At high vEloCity ConvErts most oF its EnErgy oF motion into hEAt, AnD thE in-FAlling oF A lArgE numBEr oF mEtEoritEs CoulD rElEAsE trEmEnDous hEAt. iFEArth FormED rApiDly, this hEAt woulD hAvE ACCumulAtED muCh morE rApiDly thAn it CoulD lEAk AwAy, AnDEArth mAy hAvE BEEn moltEn whEn it FormED、A、sEConD sourCE oF hEAt rEquirEs morE timE to DEvElop. thE DECAy oF rADioACtivE ElEmEnts trAppED in thEEArth rElEAsEs hEAt grADuAlly; But, As soon AsEArth FormED, thAt hEAt woulD hAvE BEgun to ACCumulAtE AnD CoulD hAvE hElpED mEltEArth to FACilitAtE DiFFErEntiAtion. most oFEArth’s rADioACtivE ElEmEnts ArE now ConCEntrAtED in thE Crust, whErE thEy ContinuE to wArm AnD soFtEn thE roCk lAyErs.
EArth FormED By mAtEriAl FAlling togEthEr, But mEtEoritEs CoulD hAvE lEFt no trACE until A Crust soliDiFiED、onCEEArth hAD A hArD surFACE, thE mEtEoritEs CoulD Form CrAtErs. this sEConD stAgE in plAnEtAry Evolution, CrAtEring, wAs violEnt. thE hEAvy BomBArDmEnt wAs intEnsE BECAusE thE solAr nEBulA wAs FillED with roCky AnD iCy DEBris, AnD thE youngEArth wAs BAttErED By mEtEoritEs thAt pulvErizED thE nEwly Forming Crust. thE lArgEst mEtEoritEs BlAstED out CrAtEr BAsins hunDrEDs oF kilomEtErs in DiAmEtEr.As thE solAr nEBulA ClEArED, thE Amount oF DEBris DECrEAsED, AnD thE lEvEl oF CrAtEring FEll to its prEsEnt low lEvEl.Although mEtEoritEs still oCCAsionAlly strikEEArth AnD Dig CrAtErs, CrAtEring is no longEr thE DominAnt inFluEnCE onEArth’s gEology.As wE CompArE othEr worlDs withEArth, wE will DisCovEr trACEs oF this intEnsE pErioD oF CrAtEring, thE hEAvy BomBArDmEnt, on EvEry olD surFACE in thE solAr systEm.
→ thE thirD stAgE, FlooDing, no DouBt BEgAn whilE CrAtEring wAs still intEnsE. thE FrACturing oF thE Crust AnD thE hEAting CAusED By rADioACtivE DECAy AllowED moltEn roCk just BElow thE Crust to wEll up through FissurEs AnD FlooD thE DEEpEr BAsins. wE will DisCuss suCh FlooDED BAsins on othEr worlDs, suCh As thE moon, But All trACEs oF this EArly lAvA FlooDing hAvE BEEn DEstroyED By lAtEr gEologiCAl ACtivity inEArth’s Crust. onEArth, FlooDing ContinuED As thE AtmosphErE CoolED AnD wAtEr FEll As rAin, Filling thE DEEpEst BAsins to proDuCE thE First oCEAns.
thE Fourth stAgE, slow surFACE Evolution, hAs ContinuED For thE lAst 3.5 Billion yEArs or morE.
【多选题】 The gardenia, about 200 species------to tropical and subtropical countries, was named in honor of eighteenth-century naturalist Alexander Garden.
A.native of which are
B.are native of which
C.which are native of
D.of which are native
A.native of which are
B.are native of which
C.which are native of
D.of which are native
【单选题】 According to the passage, agricultural societies produced larger human populations because agriculture
A.created more varieties of food
B.created food surpluses
C.resulted in increases in leisure time
D.encouraged bartering
A.created more varieties of food
B.created food surpluses
C.resulted in increases in leisure time
D.encouraged bartering
【单选题】 Hydrofoils can exceed 75 miles per hour, as compared with conventional watercraft, whose maximum speeds .......... approach 50 miles per hour.
A.( are rarely
B.( rarely
C.( of rarely
D.( they rarely
A.( are rarely
B.( rarely
C.( of rarely
D.( they rarely
【单选题】 Which of the following terms is defined in the passage
A.( resonator (line 2)
B.( solo (line 7)
C.( left-hand technique (line 25)
D.( fingering patterns (lines 25-26)
A.( resonator (line 2)
B.( solo (line 7)
C.( left-hand technique (line 25)
D.( fingering patterns (lines 25-26)
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