【单选题】in miCrophotogrAphy, proCEssEs photogrAphiC ArE usED to rEproDuCE tExt or illustrAtions on Film in sizEs rEquiring mAgniFiCAtion For rEADing or viEwing thEm.
【单选题】 (During the) first 20 years of the space age, the United States spent (more than) 90billion dollars (onto) its civilian (and) military space programs.
A．During the
B．more than
C．onto
D．and
A．During the
B．more than
C．onto
D．and
【单选题】 The phrase "tantamount to" in line 7 is closest in meaning to
A．( complementary to
B．( practically the same as
C．( especially well suited to
D．( unlikely to be confused with
A．( complementary to
B．( practically the same as
C．( especially well suited to
D．( unlikely to be confused with
【单选题】 According to tile passage, scientists used isotopes from the water of the ice core to determine which of following
A．( The amount of air that had bubbled to the surface since the ice had formed
B．( The temperature of the atmosphere when the ice was formed
C．( The date at which water had become locked in the glacier
D．( The rate at which water had been frozen in the glacier
A．( The amount of air that had bubbled to the surface since the ice had formed
B．( The temperature of the atmosphere when the ice was formed
C．( The date at which water had become locked in the glacier
D．( The rate at which water had been frozen in the glacier
【单选题】 The North American Review, a (magazine was) first (published) in 1815, was one of the (leading) literary(journals) of the past woe centuries.
A．magazine was
B．published
C．leading
D．journals
A．magazine was
B．published
C．leading
D．journals
【单选题】listEning 6 "historyClAss"
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why DoEs thE proFEssor sAy this:
A、to CritiCizE thE soD housE
B、to DEmonstrAtE unCErtAinty
C、to DrAw A ConClusion
D、to upholD An opinion
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A、to CritiCizE thE soD housE
B、to DEmonstrAtE unCErtAinty
C、to DrAw A ConClusion
D、to upholD An opinion
【多选题】 This guideline is intended to -------- information about our databases and to provide a clear definition of how these database get 0updated and who has responsibilities
A．clarification
B．classified
C．cleared
D．clarify
A．clarification
B．classified
C．cleared
D．clarify
【单选题】Listening 1 "Professor’s Office"
{$mediaurl} What can be inferred about the professor
A、She does not have regular office hours.
B、She is willing to help her students.
C、She is not very flexible with assignments.
D、She teachesBritish literature.
{$mediaurl} What can be inferred about the professor
A、She does not have regular office hours.
B、She is willing to help her students.
C、She is not very flexible with assignments.
D、She teachesBritish literature.
【单选题】 The word "standard" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
A．( practical
B．( customary
C．( possible
D．( unusual
A．( practical
B．( customary
C．( possible
D．( unusual
【单选题】wAtErAnD、liFE、on mArs
1thE prEsEnCE or ABsEnCE oF wAtEr hAs A DirECt BEAring on thE possiBility oF liFE on othEr plAnEts. in thE ninEtEEnth CEntury, it wAs Commonly ACCEptED thAt liFE, pErhAps EvEn intElligEnt liFE, wAs wiDEsprEAD in thE solAr systEm, AnD mArs wAs An oBvious tArgEt in thE sEArCh For liFE. nEw photogrAphiC tEChnology oFFErED A wAy For AstronomErs to lEArn morE ABout thE rED plAnEt. in 1888, itAliAn AstronomEr giovAnni sChiApArElli proDuCED imAgEs thAt showED A nEtwork oF long, thin, DArk linEs Crossing thE surFACE oF mArs. hE CAllED thEsE FEAturEs CAnAli in itAliAn, whiCh BECAmE "CAnAls" or "ChAnnEls" inEnglish. thE strAngE AppEArAnCE oF thE CAnAls suggEstED to somE sCiEntists thAt thEy hAD BEEn FormED ArtiFiCiAlly rAthEr thAn nAturAlly. thE mystEry DEEpEnED whEn sChiApArElli oBsErvED thAt mAny oF thE CAnAls in thE photogrAphs wErE ACtuAlly DouBlE.
2othEr photogrAphiC imAgEs oF mArs rEvEAlED its sEAsonAlly ChAnging polAr iCE CAps AnD FEAturEs thAt AppEArED to BE AnCiEnt islAnDs loCAtED in whAt wAs now A Dry strEAmBED、whEn thE islAnDs wErE First DisCovErED, somE sCiEntists spECulAtED thAt A thiCk wAtEr-lADEn AtmosphErE CApABlE oF gEnErAting hEAvy rAins hAD onCE ExistED on mArs. howEvEr, othErs rEmAinED unConvinCED oF thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr. thEn, in 1963, A tEAm oF AstronomErs oBtAinED A gooD photogrAphiC plAtE oF thE nEAr-inFrArED spECtrum oF mArs. thE photogrAph showED thAt, FAintly But DEFinitEly, wAtEr vApor linEs CoulD BE sEEn. this photogrAph EstABlishED thAt thErE rEAlly wAs wAtEr on mArs, though thE Amount wAs vEry smAll. toDAy, thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr vApor in thE mArtiAn AtmosphErE is gEnErAlly ACCEptED, As is thE BEliEF thAt thE AtmosphErE wAs onCE muCh DEnsEr thAn it is now, with A muCh grEAtEr ABunDAnCE oF wAtEr vApor.
3thE surFACE oF mArs is Dry toDAy, But it DoEs ContAin signiFiCAnt Amounts oF iCE AnD signs thAt liquiD wAtEr onCE FlowED ovEr thE plAnEt.All oF thE loCAtions whErE EviDEnCE oF wAtEr hAs BEEn FounD ArE AnCiEnt, proBABly FormED vEry EArly in mArtiAn history.DAtA trAnsmittED From spACECrAFt on mArs in 2004 hAvE rEvEAlED thAt wAtEr wAs onCE Common ACross A vAst rEgion oF thE plAnEt, possiBly As shAllow lAkEs or sEAs thAt DriED out AnD thEn FillED up AgAin. thErE ArE signs thAt thE winD BlEw DEBris ArounD During Dry stAgEs. thEsE sEAs AnD lAkEs ExtEnDED ACross hunDrEDs oF thousAnDs oF squArE milEs, CrEAting hABitABlE ConDitions During long strEtChEs oF timE Billions oF yEArs Ago.
4 EviDEnCE oF wAtEr inCluDEs thE prEsEnCE oF vArious minErAls known As EvAporAtEs, DEposits lEFt BEhinD whEn liquiD wAtEr turns to vApor. smAll ArEAs oF minErAl DEposits hAvE BEEn FounD in vAllEs mArinEris, A hugE holE on mArs thAt is lArgEr thAn thE grAnDCAnyon onEArth. thE minErAls thErE ContAin wAtEr, so thEy hAD to BE FormED in thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr. gEologiC rEsEArCh hAs Also turnED up ClAy AnD gypsum DEposits thAt wErE FormED By wAtEr in thE soil. roCks thAt ClEArly FormED in wAtEr ExtEnD throughout 300 mEtErs oF lAyErED mAtEriAls in sEvErAl loCAtions ACross thE mArtiAn plAins. thE lAyErs wErE Built up ovEr timE, whiCh mEAns wAtEr wAs prEsEnt, At lEAst tEmporArily, For ExtEnDED pErioDs on AnCiEnt mArs.
5 BEsiDEs thE iCE pACks At mArs’s polEs, AstronomErs hAvE DisCovErED A FrozEn sEA nEAr its EquAtor. this FrozEn sEA is thE sizE oF thE north sEA onEArth AnD AppEArs similAr to thE iCE pACks onAntArCtiCA、sCiEntists hAvE Also DEtECtED EviDEnCE oF lAvA Flows 20 million yEArs Ago As wEll As signs thAt somE volCAnoEs mAy still BE ACtivE. sEvErAl rECEntly FormED volCAniC ConEs nEAr mArs’s north polE inDiCAtE thAt thE plAnEt’s CorE mAy intErACt with thE surFACE, mEAning thErE wAs Both wArmth AnD moisturE in thE rECEnt pAs-CirCumstAnCEs thAt might hAvE supportED liFE.
6liquiD wAtEr is thE kEy ingrEDiEnt For liFE As wE know it. oF All thE othEr plAnEts in thE solAr systEm, mArs is most likEEArth. thE FACt th
1thE prEsEnCE or ABsEnCE oF wAtEr hAs A DirECt BEAring on thE possiBility oF liFE on othEr plAnEts. in thE ninEtEEnth CEntury, it wAs Commonly ACCEptED thAt liFE, pErhAps EvEn intElligEnt liFE, wAs wiDEsprEAD in thE solAr systEm, AnD mArs wAs An oBvious tArgEt in thE sEArCh For liFE. nEw photogrAphiC tEChnology oFFErED A wAy For AstronomErs to lEArn morE ABout thE rED plAnEt. in 1888, itAliAn AstronomEr giovAnni sChiApArElli proDuCED imAgEs thAt showED A nEtwork oF long, thin, DArk linEs Crossing thE surFACE oF mArs. hE CAllED thEsE FEAturEs CAnAli in itAliAn, whiCh BECAmE "CAnAls" or "ChAnnEls" inEnglish. thE strAngE AppEArAnCE oF thE CAnAls suggEstED to somE sCiEntists thAt thEy hAD BEEn FormED ArtiFiCiAlly rAthEr thAn nAturAlly. thE mystEry DEEpEnED whEn sChiApArElli oBsErvED thAt mAny oF thE CAnAls in thE photogrAphs wErE ACtuAlly DouBlE.
2othEr photogrAphiC imAgEs oF mArs rEvEAlED its sEAsonAlly ChAnging polAr iCE CAps AnD FEAturEs thAt AppEArED to BE AnCiEnt islAnDs loCAtED in whAt wAs now A Dry strEAmBED、whEn thE islAnDs wErE First DisCovErED, somE sCiEntists spECulAtED thAt A thiCk wAtEr-lADEn AtmosphErE CApABlE oF gEnErAting hEAvy rAins hAD onCE ExistED on mArs. howEvEr, othErs rEmAinED unConvinCED oF thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr. thEn, in 1963, A tEAm oF AstronomErs oBtAinED A gooD photogrAphiC plAtE oF thE nEAr-inFrArED spECtrum oF mArs. thE photogrAph showED thAt, FAintly But DEFinitEly, wAtEr vApor linEs CoulD BE sEEn. this photogrAph EstABlishED thAt thErE rEAlly wAs wAtEr on mArs, though thE Amount wAs vEry smAll. toDAy, thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr vApor in thE mArtiAn AtmosphErE is gEnErAlly ACCEptED, As is thE BEliEF thAt thE AtmosphErE wAs onCE muCh DEnsEr thAn it is now, with A muCh grEAtEr ABunDAnCE oF wAtEr vApor.
3thE surFACE oF mArs is Dry toDAy, But it DoEs ContAin signiFiCAnt Amounts oF iCE AnD signs thAt liquiD wAtEr onCE FlowED ovEr thE plAnEt.All oF thE loCAtions whErE EviDEnCE oF wAtEr hAs BEEn FounD ArE AnCiEnt, proBABly FormED vEry EArly in mArtiAn history.DAtA trAnsmittED From spACECrAFt on mArs in 2004 hAvE rEvEAlED thAt wAtEr wAs onCE Common ACross A vAst rEgion oF thE plAnEt, possiBly As shAllow lAkEs or sEAs thAt DriED out AnD thEn FillED up AgAin. thErE ArE signs thAt thE winD BlEw DEBris ArounD During Dry stAgEs. thEsE sEAs AnD lAkEs ExtEnDED ACross hunDrEDs oF thousAnDs oF squArE milEs, CrEAting hABitABlE ConDitions During long strEtChEs oF timE Billions oF yEArs Ago.
4 EviDEnCE oF wAtEr inCluDEs thE prEsEnCE oF vArious minErAls known As EvAporAtEs, DEposits lEFt BEhinD whEn liquiD wAtEr turns to vApor. smAll ArEAs oF minErAl DEposits hAvE BEEn FounD in vAllEs mArinEris, A hugE holE on mArs thAt is lArgEr thAn thE grAnDCAnyon onEArth. thE minErAls thErE ContAin wAtEr, so thEy hAD to BE FormED in thE prEsEnCE oF wAtEr. gEologiC rEsEArCh hAs Also turnED up ClAy AnD gypsum DEposits thAt wErE FormED By wAtEr in thE soil. roCks thAt ClEArly FormED in wAtEr ExtEnD throughout 300 mEtErs oF lAyErED mAtEriAls in sEvErAl loCAtions ACross thE mArtiAn plAins. thE lAyErs wErE Built up ovEr timE, whiCh mEAns wAtEr wAs prEsEnt, At lEAst tEmporArily, For ExtEnDED pErioDs on AnCiEnt mArs.
5 BEsiDEs thE iCE pACks At mArs’s polEs, AstronomErs hAvE DisCovErED A FrozEn sEA nEAr its EquAtor. this FrozEn sEA is thE sizE oF thE north sEA onEArth AnD AppEArs similAr to thE iCE pACks onAntArCtiCA、sCiEntists hAvE Also DEtECtED EviDEnCE oF lAvA Flows 20 million yEArs Ago As wEll As signs thAt somE volCAnoEs mAy still BE ACtivE. sEvErAl rECEntly FormED volCAniC ConEs nEAr mArs’s north polE inDiCAtE thAt thE plAnEt’s CorE mAy intErACt with thE surFACE, mEAning thErE wAs Both wArmth AnD moisturE in thE rECEnt pAs-CirCumstAnCEs thAt might hAvE supportED liFE.
6liquiD wAtEr is thE kEy ingrEDiEnt For liFE As wE know it. oF All thE othEr plAnEts in thE solAr systEm, mArs is most likEEArth. thE FACt th
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