Education inCanada
Education inCanada is provided, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local governments. It is generally divided into elementary (Primary School, Public School), followed by Secondary (High School) and Post Secondary (University,College). Within the provinces under the ministry of education, there are district school boards administering the educational programs.Education is compulsory up to the age of 16 in every province inCanada, except for Ontario and NewBrunswick, where the compulsory age is 18. In some provinces early leaving exemptions can be granted under certain circumstances at 14.Canada generally has 190 school days in the year, officially starting from September (after LaborDay ) to the end of June ( usually the last Friday of the month, Wednesday in some Ontario schools).
Pre-university
Primary education and secondary education combined are sometimes referred to as K-12 (Kindergarten through Grade 12 ). It should be noted that this structure can vary from school to school, and from province to province. For instance, PrinceEdward Island is the only province that does not provide Kindergarten. In contrast, Ontario is the only province which provides two levels of Kindergarten (Junior and Senior).
InCanada, secondary schooling, known as high school, "école secondaire" or secondary school, differs depending on the province in which one resides.Additionally, grade structure may vary within a province and even within a school division.Education is compulsory up to the age of 16 in every province inCanada, except for Ontario and NewBrunswick ( where the compulsory ages are 18). Students may continue to attend high school until the ages of 19 to 21 (the cut-off age for high school varies between provinces). Those 19 and over may attend adult school.Also if high schoolers are expelled or suspended for a period of time over 2 months or so they could attend night school at the high school.
Ontario had a "Grade 13" known as OntarioAcademicCredit (OAC、year, but this was abolished by the provincial government to cut costs. OAC、was last offered for the 2002--2003 school year.As a result, the curriculum has been compacted, and the more difficult subjects, such as mathematics, are comparatively harder than before. However, the system is now approximately equivalent to what has been the case outside of Quebec and Ontario for many years. Secondary education in Quebec continues to Grade 11 ( Secondary V), and is typically followed byCEGEP, a two- or three-year college program taken after high school. Pre-universityCEGEP programs are two years in Quebec (university for Quebecers is three years), and vocational or professional programs are three years in duration.
Post-secondaryEducation
Post-secondary education inCanada is also the responsibility of the individual provinces and territories. Those governments provide the majority of funding to their public post-secondary institutions, with the remainder of funding coming from tuition fees, the federal government, and research grants.Compared to other countries in the past,Canada has had the highest tertiary school (大学) enrollment as a percentage of their graduating population.
Nearly all post-secondary institutions inCanada have the authority to grant academic credentials (i. e. , diplomas or degrees). Generally speaking, universities grant degrees (e. g. , bachelor’s, master’s or doctorate degrees) while colleges, which typically offer vocationally- oriented programs, grant diplomas and certificates. However, some colleges offer applied arts degrees that lead to or are equivalent to degrees from a university.
Post-secondary education in Quebec begins withCEGEP ( collèges d’ enseignement général et professionnel), following graduation from Grade 11 (or Secondary V). Students complete a two- or three-year general program