高考每日一练（2019/11/18）

第1题：

【分析题】：

第2题：(15分)中外历史人物评说材料一中国古代有功臣配享制度，即一个皇帝逝去后，要在已故臣僚中选取功勋卓著的大臣陪祀其庙庭。功臣配享皇帝，是朝廷对该大臣的最高评价。{{U}}北宋神宗时，王安石“变风俗，立法度”，主导了政治、经济、文化等方面的改革{{/U}}。哲宗绍圣初年，诏“王安石{{U}}配享神宗皇帝庙庭{{/U}}”。 {{U}}南宋建炎初{{/U}}，有人提出“自绍圣以来，{{U}}学术政事败坏残酷，致祸社稷，其源实出于安石{{/U}}”。于是，“罢安石配飨神宗庙庭”。——摘编自白寿彝总主编《中国通史》材料二《宋史》记熙丰(宋神宗年号熙宁、元丰)事实者，成于南渡以后史官之手，而元人因而袭之，皆反对党之言，不可征信。今于其污蔑荆公(王安石)处，皆一一详辩之……荆公不仅为中国大政治家，亦为中国大文学家。——摘自梁启超《王荆公》(1908年) 根据材料一，分别指出两宋对王安石的评价及其主要理由。(6分)

【分析题】：

第3题： 　　　Let’s say you’ve decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don’t have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn’t it This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself.Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.　　　Governments don’t have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.　　　TheBritish and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package.A、green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：阅读下面的文字，完成(1)～(4)题。(25分) 古渡头叶紫太阳渐渐地隐没到树林中去了，晚霞散射着一片凌乱的光辉，映到茫无际涯的淡绿的湖上，现出各种各样的色彩来。微风波动着皱纹似的浪头，轻轻地吻着沙岸。破烂不堪的老渡船，横在枯杨的下面。渡夫戴着一顶尖头的斗笠，弯着腰，在那里洗刷一叶断片的船篷。我轻轻地踏到他的船上，他抬起头来，带血色的昏花的眼睛，望着我大声说道：“过湖吗，小伙子？”“唔，”我放下包袱，“是的。”“那么，要等到明天啰。”他又弯腰做事去了。“为什么呢？”我茫然地，“我多给你些钱不能吗？”“钱？你有多少钱呢？”他的声音来得更加响亮了，教训似的。他重新站起来，抛掉破篷子，把斗笠脱在手中，立时现出了白雪般的头发，“年纪轻轻，开口就是‘钱’，有钱就命都不要了吗？”我不由得暗自吃了一惊。他从舱里拿出一根烟管，饱饱地吸足了一口，接着说：“看你的样子也不是一个老出门的。哪里来的呀？”“从军队里回来。”“军队里？……”他又停了一停，“是当兵的吧，为什么又跑开来呢 ”“我是请长假的。我妈病了。”“唔！……”两个人都沉默了一会儿，他把烟管在船头上磕了两磕，接着又燃第二口。夜色苍茫地侵袭着我们的周围，浪头荡出了微微的合拍的呼啸。我的心里偷偷地发急，不知道这老头子到底要玩什么花头。于是，我说：“既然不开船，老人家，就让我回到岸上去找店家吧！”“店家，”老头子用鼻子哼着，“年轻人到底不知事。回到岸上去还不同过湖一样的危险吗？到连头镇去还要退回七里路。唉！年轻人……就在我这船中过一宵吧。”他擦着一根火柴把我引到船艘后头，给了我一个两尺多宽的地方。好在天气和暖，还不至于十分受冻。当他再擦火柴吸上了第三口姻的时候，他的声音已经和缓多了。我躺着，一面细细地听着孤雁唳过寂静的长空，一面又留心他和我谈的一些江湖上的情形，和出门人的秘诀。“……就算你有钱吧，小伙子，你也不应当说出来的。这湖上有多少歹人啊！……我欢喜你这样的孝顺孩子。是的，你的妈妈一定比我还欢喜你，要是在病中看见你这样远跑回去。只是，我呢？……我，我有一个桂儿。你知道吗？我的桂儿，他比你大得多呀！你怕不认识他吧？外乡人……那个时候，我们爷儿俩同驾着这条船。我给他收了个媳妇……”“他们呢？”“他们？那一年，北佬来，你知道了吗？北佬打了败仗，从我们这里过，我的桂儿给北佬兵拉着，要他做伕子。桂儿，他不肯，脸上一拳！我，我不肯，脸上一拳！……小伙子，你做过这些个丧天良的事情吗？……“小伙子！你看，我等了一年，我又等了两年，三年……我的儿媳妇改嫁给卖肉的朱胡子了，我的孙子长大了。可是，我看不见我的桂儿，我的孙子他们不肯给我……他们说：‘等你有了钱，我们一定将孙子给你送回来。’可是，小伙子，我得有钱呀!“结冰，落雪，我得过湖；刮风，落雨，我得过湖……“年成荒，捐重，湖里的匪多，过湖的人少，但是，我得找钱……“小伙子，你是有爹妈的人，你将来也得做爹妈的。我欢喜你，要是你真的有孝心，你是有好处的，像我，我一定得死在这湖中。我没有钱，我寻不到我的桂儿，我的孙子不认识我，没有人替我做坟，没有人给我烧纸钱……我说，我没有丧过天良，可是天老爷他不向我睁开眼睛……”他逐渐地说得悲哀起来，终于哭了，不住地把船篷弄得呱啦呱啦地响；他的脚在船舱边下力地蹬着。可是，我寻不出来一句能够劝慰他的话，心头像给什么东西塞得紧紧的。外面风浪渐渐地大了起来，我翻来覆去地睡不着，他也翻来覆去地睡不着。可是，第二天，又是一般的微风，细雨。太阳还没有出来，他就把我叫起了。他的脸上丝毫看不出一点异样的表情来，好像昨夜间的事情，全都忘记了。我目不转睛的瞧着他。“有什么好瞧呢？小伙子！过了湖，你还要赶你的路程呀！”离开渡口，因为是走顺风，他就搭上橹，扯起破碎风篷来。他独自坐在船艘上，毫无表情地捋着雪白的胡子，任情地高声朗唱着：我住在这古渡前头六十年。我不管地，也不管天我凭良心吃饭，我靠气力赚钱！有钱的人我不爱，无钱的人我不怜！…… (有删改) 作品中的渡夫有哪些性格特点？请简要分析。(6分)

【分析题】：

第5题： A． B． C． D．

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题：Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War Ⅱ, anAmerican retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, "Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption.... We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate." Americans have responded to Lebow’s call, and much of the world has followeD、 Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies—Japan and the United States—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent. Overconsumption by the world’s fortune is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate. Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerism culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things. Of course, the opposite of overconsumption—poverty—is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of LatinAmerica, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragileAfrican grassland, reducing it to desert. If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is ______. A、the people’s desire for a rise in their living standards B、the concept that one’s success is measured by how much they consume C、the imbalance that has existed between production and consumption D、the conversion of the sale of goods into rituals

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第7题： 中国共产党十七大报告指出，发展农业的核心是 A．发展现代农业、繁荣农村经济 B．促进农民增收 C．转移农民就业 D．健全农村市场

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第8题：There are signs ______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families. A、that B、which C、in which D、whose

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第9题：正确的意识来源于客观世界，错误的思想来源于______。 A．客观世界 B、世界是否有统一性问题 C．世界是有限和无限的问题 D、世界发展源泉的问题

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第10题： According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for __________.A．the loss of the sales receipt B．a servicer’s overtime work C．the product installation D．a mechanic’s transportation

【单选题】： A     B     C     D