| 考博易错题（2018/12/27） |
| 第1题： {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices markedA,B, C、andD、You should choose the ONE、that best fits into the passage and then mark the corresponding letter on theANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Technology in and of{{U}} (45) {{/U}}is not at fault; it’s much too simple to say that gunpowder or agricultural machinery or fiber optics{{U}} (46) {{/U}}been the enemy of an{{U}} (47) {{/U}}group of people.A、certain machine is put{{U}} (48) {{/U}}work in a certain way--the purpose{{U}} (49) {{/U}}which it was designeD、The people who design the machines are not intent on unleashing chaos; they are usually trying to{{U}} (50) {{/U}}a task more quickly, cleanly, or cheaply,{{U}} (51) {{/U}}the imperative of innovation and efficiency that has ruled Western civilization{{U}} (52) {{/U}}the Renaissance. Mastery of technology is second only{{U}} (53) {{/U}}money as the true measure of accomplishment in this country, and it is very likely that by{{U}} (54) {{/U}}this under-representation in the technological realm, and by not questioning and examining the folkways that have{{U}} (55) {{/U}}it, blacks are allowing{{U}} (56) {{/U}}to be kept out of the mainstream once again. This time, however, they will be{{U}} (57) {{/U}}from the greatest cash engine of the twenty-first century. Inner-city blacks in particular are in danger, and the beautiful suburbs{{U}} (58) {{/U}}ring the decay of Hartford, shed the past and learn to exist without contemplating or encountering the tragedy of the inner city. And blacks must change as well. Tile ways that{{U}} (59) {{/U}}their ancestors through captivity and coming to freedom have begun to loose their utility. If blacks{{U}} (60) {{/U}}to survive as full participants in this society, they have to understand what works now. |
| 第2题：Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads inBritain. Mile (21) mile, vehicle for vehicle, you axe much (22) likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary roaD、On (23) hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalities are much more likely to (24) than in a comparable accident (25) on the roads. Motorways have no (26) bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and (27) speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is (28) in force, it is often treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the 30 mph limit applying in built up areas inBritain.Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like traveling in groups with perhaps (29) ten meters between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pile-ups (30) one vehicle stops for some reason—mechanical failure, driver error and so on—have become all (31) familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How (32) of these drivers realize that it takes a car about one hundred meters to brake to a stop (33) 70 mphDrivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete protection from the changing weather. (34) wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, they (35) at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions (36) their journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy (37) this motorway madness would be better driver education.At present, learner drivers are barred (38) motorways and are thus as far as this kind of driving is (39) , thrown in at the deep enD、However, much more efficient policing is required, (40) it is the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own foolishness. A、but B、thenC、themD、for |
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| 第3题：One in threeAmericans said that money was a crucial factor in their decision to work for pay (or have a spouse work) rather than stay home to raise the children, withBabyBoomer women most likely to have made that choice. Forty-five percent ofBabyBoomer women—compared with just 32 percent of those 55 and over—said they went to work. "BabyBoomer women, especially the older ones, grew up expecting to replicate the pattern of their mothers’ lives," suggests HochschilD、"But then the bills started coming in and more job opportunities opened up, and these women moved into a life they hadn’t anticipateD、" Money played a great role in marriage—even an unhappy one.Approximately 18 percent of all those interviewed said they stayed married because they lacked money to get a divorce, while less than 8 percent said that financial strain in their marriage has caused them to divorce. Lack of money also influenced education choices. Nearly one in fourAmericans has postponed or decided not to attend college because of financial pressures.Even with the sustained prosperity of the past eight years, Gen-Xers were most likely to have altered their college plans. A、39-year-old Hispanic billing clerk in New York spoke about how the need for money limited her teenager son’s ability to take part in extracurricular activities that could increase his chances of getting into college. "Since age 14, my son’s been working, and I think he is a superb person. Not having a lot of money has made him realize what work is all about. On the other hand, he was elected to go to a youth leadership conference in Washington, and I can’t send him because I don’t have the money. Lack of money takes away opportunities he otherwise could have haD、" On the question of what money can and can’t buy, a large majority ofAmericans said that money could buy "freedom to live as you choose", "excitement in life", and "less stress". In a number of follow-up interviews, many people commented that having extra money would immediately alleviate one source of profound stress—the need to work overtime. Those with college and graduate degrees were far more likely to believe that money can buy freedom, perhaps because better-educated people already have a wider array of choices.College educated professionals, for instance, were much more likely to consider wealth a way of financing travel, starting a business of their own, or funding charitable works in their communities. A、55-year-old Hispanic woman in LosAngeles with a graduate degree and an income of more than $90,000 described a midlife career switch.After resigning from a high-level, high paying— but extremely stressful—civil service job, she became a florist. "After I started tearing my hair out," she said, "I decided to go into business for myself—flowers don’t talk back." Can money buy peace of mind Fifty-two percent ofAmericans said no. "It all depends on what ’peace’ means to you," observed a businesswoman inCalifornia who is nearing 60 and would like to retire at 62 and go back to college. "For my husband, peace of mind means working as long as he can and collecting the biggest possible pension. For me, it means knowing I’ve worked long enough so that I can afford to go after an old dream. I guess you should say that my peace of mind is his worry.\ From Paragraph 3 we can learn that ______. A、the 14-year-old son did not enjoy his work B、without money you never make education choices C．most Gen-Xers wanted to change their college plans D．most Gen-Xers did not change their college plans |
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| 第4题： In the seventh paragraph we read that the Advice Ladies won't be strangers for long because ______. A．they are dealing with a book together and a TV man is writing a talk show about them B．they me going to sell a book about themselves and also appear on a TV show C．they will buy a book through a deal and appear in a film in the coming fall season D．they will get to know each other better by working on a book and appearing in a TV show together |
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| 第5题：TheEnglish, as a race, are very different from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French,Belgians andDutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest ofEurope has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that theEnglishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities. Broadly speaking, theEnglishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners she often seems inhibited, even embarrasseD、You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual.AnEnglishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, "On entering a railway carriage shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspect. In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gestures. TheEnglishman is somewhat different. Of course, anEnglishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas a more emotional man might describe her as "an excellent jewel", "extremely beautiful", "precious", theEnglishman will flatly state "Urn, she’s all right".AnEnglishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, "It’s not bad, you know," or on seeing very unusual scenery he might convey his pleasure by saying, "Nice, yes, very nice." The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement; he must realize that "all right", "not had", and "nice", very often have the sense of "first- class", "excellent", "beautiful". This special use of language, particularly common inEngland, is known as restrained statement. If one doesn’t want to be suspected in public, he had better ______.A．behave relaxed B．shake hands with all people he meets C．talk with others D．keep quiet |
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