| 考博易错题（2018/12/29） |
| 第1题： Trees that ______ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down. A．block B．inhibit C．spoil D．alter |
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| 第2题：There are many benefits to using online distance learning environments. Online education is available any place, any time for global communities of learners based on shared interests. Online education with its group-based instruction and computer mediated communication provides an opportunity for new development and understanding in teaching and learning.Computer mediated communication encourages collaborative learning by not providing cues regarding appearance, race, gender, education, or social status, bestowing a sort of anonymity to participants.Distance also permits the expression of emotion (both positive and negative) and promotes discussion that normally would be inhibite D、 Yet, this same text-based positive aspect of online learning makes online education more cumbersome and therefore takes more time than face-to-face learning. In addition, the sheer bulk of messages can be overwhelming. The learner 0nly has the written text and no other non-verbal cues. This may confuse the learner and cause misunderstanding. Some students are not willing to take the time to go in and look up homework assignments and other online learning activities.ESL students shy away from online classes. They have expressed fear of having their work, viewed by others. In the road to dotcom in education, educators "have to slow down from their busy lives to be free to focus first on connecting with learners and connecting them to learning before they end up feeling like they are no longer using technology, but are being used by it". There is pressure to keep up with the times as well as "a cost-of-entry issue regarding technology in education. Without a certain level of technology services and learning options, many students will not consider attending a certain institution". Mark Milliron claims that "any technology has to prove that it will ultimately improve or expand learning". This will come about if educators "slow down, look around, and get on the road to dotcom—a place to thoughtfully engage and explore all aspects of technology, good, bad, or indifferent...A、place with mindful focus on the people and passions that make life worth living". Should online learning be an issue of control or should students be convinced of its value as an authentic learning tool Fear and a threatening environment don’t enhance learning according to brain-based learning research. "How students feel about a learning situation determines the amount of attention they devote to it." "Positive emotions ensure that learning will be retaine D、" It’s very. important to discuss with students how they feel about technology and online learning so that they feel good about what they are doing. The process of implementing online distance learning is a slow and delicate one.Change will eventually come about but it will take time. Sometimes online distance learning can be a problem because ______.A．learners don’t have the money to pay for it B．some learners don’t need face-to-face cues C．it is face-to-face learning D、some students feel it time consuming to read so many texts |
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| 第3题：The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise. Millions of individuals became (1) in a variety of aerobic activities, and (2) thousands of health spas (3) around the country to capitalize on this (4) interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females.A、number of fitness spas existed (5) to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their (6) was not on aerobics, (7) on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, (8) , and endurance in their primarily male (9) . These fitness spas did not seem to benefit (10) from the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs (11) few, if (12) , health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly (13) for males and for females. Many (14) programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. (15) , most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily (16) such fitness components have been related to (17) in athletics. (18) , in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health (19) as well. TheAmericanCollege of Sports Medicine now (20) that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthyAmericans. A．current B．primitive C．uneven D．incredible |
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| 第4题：Death comes quickly in the mountains.Each winter holiday makers are caught unawares as they happily ski away from the fixed runs, little realizing that a small avalanche can send them crashing in a bone-breaking fall down the slope and leave them buried under tons of crisp white snow. There are lots of theories about how to avoid disaster when hit by an avalanche. Practice is normally less cheerful. The snow in the Salzburg ofAustria where a recent disaster took place was typical avalanche material: For several days before the incident I had skied locally.Early winter snow was wearing thin and covered with ice. On top of that new, warmer flakes were gently falling to produce a dangerous carpet. To the skier who enjoys unmarked slopes it is tempting stuff, deep new power snow on a hard base--the skiing that dreams are made ofAnd sometimes nightmares. Snow falls in sections like a cake.Different sections have different densities because of the temperatures at the time of the fall and in the weeks afterwards. Problems come when any particular section is too thick and not sticking to the section beneath. The snow of the past few weeks had been falling in rather higher temperatures than those ofDecember and early January. The result of these conditions is that even a slight increase in the temperatures sends a thin stream of water between the new snow and the olD、Then the new snow simply slides off the mountain. Such slides are not unexpecteD、Local citizens know the slopes which tend to avalanche and the weather in which such slides are likely. Traps are set to catch the snow or prevent it slipping; bombs are placed and exploded from time to time to set off small avalanches before a big one has time to build up; and above all, skiers are warned not to ski in danger areas. In spite of this, avalanches happen in unexpected areas and, of course, skiers ignore the warnings. The one comfort to recreational skiers, however, is that avalanche incidents on the marked ski slopes are quite rare. No ski resort wants the image of being a death trap. According to the writer, skiing conditions in the Salzburg area ofAustria before the accident happened were ______.A．perfect for the inexperienced skier B．unsafe because the new snow was covered with ice C．typical of conditions resulting in avalanches D．suitable only for skiing locally |
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| 第5题：The changes regarding the learning of a foreign language should have some bearing on the ______i.e. the classroom, where we are expected to learn it.
A．arena B．field C．area D．district |
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