| 考博易错题（2019/1/31） |
| 第1题：The team should play very hard because the championship of the state was______. A、at cost B、at fault C、at stake D、at large |
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| 第2题：It was (and is) common to think that other animals are ruled by "instinct" whereas humans lost their instincts and ruled by "reason," and that this is why we are so much more flexibly intelligent than other animals. William James, in his book Principles of Psychology, took the opposite view. He argued that human behavior is more flexibly intelligent than that of other animals because we have more instincts than they do, not fewer. We tend to be Mind to the existence of these instincts, however, precisely because they work so well--because they process information so effortlessly and automatically. They structure our thought so powerfully, he argued, that it can be difficult to imagine how things could be otherwise.As a result, we take "normal" behavior for granteD、We do not realize that "normal" behavior needs to be explained at all. This "instinct blindness" makes the study of psychology difficult. To get past this problem, James suggested that we try to make the "natural seem strange." It takes a mind debauched by learning to carry the process of making the natural seem strange, so far as to ask for the why of any instinctive human act. In our view, William James was right about evolutionary psychology. Making the natural seem strange is unnatural - it requires the twisted outlook seen, for example, in Gary Larson cartoons Yet it is a central part of the enterprise. Many psychologists avoid the study of natural competences, thinking that there is nothing there to be explaineD、As a result, social psychologists are disappointed unless they find a phenomenon "that would surprise their grandmothers," and cognitive psychologists spend more time studying how we solve problems we are bad at, like learning math or playing chess, than ones we are good at.But our natural competences - our abilities to see, to speak, to find someone beautiful, to reciprocate a favor, to fear disease, to fall in love, to initiate an attack, to experience moral outrage, to navigate a landscape, and myriad others - are possible only because there is a vast and heterogeneous array of complex computational machinery supporting and regulating these activities. This machinery works so well that we don’t even realize that it exists - we all suffer from instinct’ blindness.As a result, psychologists have neglected to study some of the most interesting machinery in the human minD、 The author stresses that our natural abilities are ______. A、not replaced by reasoningB、the same as other animals’ C、not as complex as we thinkD、worth studying |
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| 第3题：OnApril 20, 2000, inAccra, Ghana, the leaders of six WestAfrican countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CF A、franc countries of the region by January 2003, as a first step toward a wider monetary union including all theECOWAS countries in 2004. The six countries (71) themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits (72) 10 percent of the previous year’s government (73) ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of the second phase by 2003; creating aConvergenceCouncil to help (74) macroeconomic policies; and (75) up a common central bank. Their declaration (76) that, "Member States (77) the need (78) strong political commitment and (79) to (80) all such national policies (81) would facilitate the regional monetary integration process. The goal of a monetary union inECOWAS has long been an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to (82) a broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and (83) institutions. In the colonial period, currency boards linked sets of countries in the region. (84) independence, (85) , these currency boards were (86) , with the (87) of theCF A、franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region.Although there have been attempts to advance file agenda ofECOWAS monetary cooperation, political problems and other economic priorities in several of the region’s countries have to (88) inhibited progress.Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional (89) in Nigeria, the largest economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be (91) . A、commence B、undertake C、initiate D、try |
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| 第4题： The passage suggests that if there were a slight global warming at the present time, it would be ______. A．easy to measure the exact increase in temperature because of the abundances of temperature recording stations throughout the world B．difficult to prove that the warming was caused by the burning of fossil fuels C．easy to demonstrate the effects of the warming on the water vapor in the atmosphere D．difficult to measure the increase of CO2 in the atmosphere because of local variations in amount |
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| 第5题： From the definitions of the three points of view, according to the passage, we can infer that ______. A．conditioned relations are acquired B．relations to the organic and inorganic outer world are instinctive C．relations among members of the same social group are learned D．all of the above |
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