考博易错题（2019/3/6）_网考网(Netkao.com)

考博易错题（2019/3/6）

第1题： Many people are ______ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.
A．insensitive
B．allergic
C．sensible
D．infected

【单选题】： A B C D

第2题：There are hidden factors which scientists call "feedback mechanisms". No one knows quite how they will interact with the changing climate. Here’s one example: plants and animals adapt to climate change over centuries.At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade, vegetation may not keep up.Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50 to 75 kilometers a year--faster than trees can naturally migrate. Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die. The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running throughCanada, Russia, and Scandinavia could be cut by half. Millions of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fires, releasing tons ofCO₂ and further boosting global warming.
There are dozens of other possible "feedback mechanisms". Higher temperatures will fuel condensation and increase cloudiness, which may actually damp down global warming. Others, like the "albedo" effect is the amount of solar energy reflected by the earth’s surface.As northern ice and snow melts and the darker sea and land pokes through, more heat will be absorbed, adding to the global temperature increase.
Even if we were to magically stop all greenhouse-gas emissions tomorrow the impact on global climate would continue for decades.Delay will simply make the problem worse. The fact is that some of us are doing quite well the way things are. In the developed world prosperity has been built on 150 years of cheap fossil fuels.
Material progress has been linked to energy consumption. Today 75 percent of all the world’s energy is consumed by a quarter of the world’s population. The average rich-world resident adds about 3.2 tons ofCO₂ yearly to the atmosphere, more than four times the level added by each Third World citizen. The US, with just seven percent of the global population, is responsible for 22 percent of global warming.
We can learn from the passage that ______.
A、some feedback mechanisms may stow down global warming
B．the basic facts of global warming are unknown
C．developing countries benefit from cheap fossil fuels
D．developed countries have decided to reduce their energy consumption

【单选题】： A B C D

A、recent history of theChicago meat-packing industry and its workers examines how the industry grew from its appearance in the 1830’s through the early 1890’s. Meat-packers, the author argues, had good wages, working conditions, and prospects for advancement within the packinghouses, and did not cooperate with labor agitators since labor relations were so harmonious.Because the history maintains that conditions were above standard for the era, the frequency of labor disputes, especially in the mid-1880’s, is not accounted for. The work ignores the fact that the 1880’s were crucial years inAmerican labor history, and that the packinghouse workers! efforts were part of the national movement for labor reform.
In fact, other historical sources for the late nineteenth century record deteriorating housing and high disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial community, due to low wages and unhealthy working conditions.Additional date from the University ofChicago suggest that the packing houses were dangerous places to work. The government investigations commissioned by President Theodore Roosevelt which eventually led to the adoption of the 1906 Meat InspectionAct found the packinghouses unsanitary, while observed that most of the workers were poorly paid and overworkeD、The history may be too optimistic because most of its data date from the 1880’s at the latest, and the information provided from that decade is insufficiently analyzeD、Conditions actually declined in the 1880’s, and continued to decline after the 1880’s, due to are organization of the packing process and a massive influx of unskilled workers. The deterioration. In worker status, partly a result of the new availability of unskilled and hence cheap labor, is not discusseD、Though a detailed account of work in the packing-houses is attempted, the author fails to distinguish between the wages and conditions for skilled workers and for those unskilled laborers who comprised the majority of the industry’s workers from the 1880’s on. While conditions for the former were arguably tolerable due to the strategic importance of skilled workers in the complicated slaughtering, cutting and packing process (though worker complaints about the rate and conditions of work were frequefit), pay and conditions for the latter were wretcheD、
The author’s misinterpretation of the origins of the feelings the meat-packers had for their industrial neighborhood may account for the history’s faulty generalizations. The pride and contentment the author remarks upon were, arguably, less the products of the industrial world of the packers--the giant yards and the intricate plants--than of the unity and vibrancy of the ethnic cultures that formed a viable community onChicago’s South Side. Indeed, the strength of this community succeeded in generating a social movement that effectively confronted the problems of the industry that provided its livelihooD、

第3题：{{B}}Passage Four{{/B}}

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