考博考试

【单选题】StandardEnglish is the variety ofEnglish which is usually used in print and winch is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers leaning the language. It is also the variety which is normally (71) by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other (72) situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has (73) in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial (74) ; standardEnglish has colloquial as well as formal variants.
(75) , the standard variety ofEnglish is based on the London (76) ofEnglish that developed after the NormanConquest resulted in the removal of theCourt from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one (77) by the educated, and it was developed and promoted (78) a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the (79) that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, (80) English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary ofEnglish are (81) the same everywhere in the world whereEnglish is used; (82) among local standards is really quite minor, (83) the Singapore, SouthAfrica, and Irish varieties have very (84) difference from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are (85) . Indeed, StandardEnglish is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (86) on all local varieties, to the extent that many long-established dialects ofEngland have (87) much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be (88) . This latter situation is not unique (89) English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are (90) .But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的) ones.
A．variation
B．standardization
C．unification
D．transformation

网考网参考答案：A
网考网解析：
语意搭配题。variation意为“变化”，如生物学中的变种，音乐上的变调，例如：(1) The same story was told, with slight variations, of many legendary heroes．(2) The variations of temperature in that district are very great．同源名词variety意为“[不可数名词]多样性；[可数名词]同类的不同品种”，例如：There are numerous varieties of tree peonies(牡丹)．又如：the tremendous variety of the themes；根据上下文，前文谈到世界各地所用的语法及词汇基本相同，各地之间的差异就应该很小，此处差异即A variation。选项B standardization标准化，与下文的minor搭配不当；选项C unification意为“联合，统一”，不合题意，例如：different states need unification．选项D transformation意为“转变”，原指形式的改变，引申为性质、特点的改变，例如：the social and political transformation of a country．用在语言学里，指句子结构的转换，与题意不符。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>