| 考博易错题（2019/3/27） |
| 第1题：Human beings are animals. We breathe, cat end digest, and reproduce-the same life (71) common to all animals. In a biological laboratory, rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same. However, biological understanding is not enough: (72) itself, it can never tell us what human beings are. (73) to our physical equipment—the naked human body—we are not an (74) animal. We are tropical creatures, (75) hairless and sensitive to colD、We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical (76) , our species seems a poor (77) for survival. But we have survived—survived and multiplied and (78) the earth. Some day we will have a (79) living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things Part of the answer is physical. (80) its limitations, our physical equipment has some important (81) . We have excellent vision and hands that can (82) objects with a precision unmatched by any other (83) . Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost (84) number of neural (85) . We have used this physical equipment to create culture, the key to our survival and success. If we live in theArctiC、we supply the warmth our tropical bodies need (86) clothing, shelter, and (87) heat. If a million people want to live in a desert that supplies natural food for only a few hundred, we find water to grow food and (88) deficits by transporting supplies from distant places. Inhabitants of our eventual moon colony will bring their own food and oxygen and then create an artificial earth environment to supply necessities. With culture, we can overcome our natural limitations. It was not always (89) . 0ur distant ancestors were just animals, faced with the limits of their physical equipment. They had no (90) and lacked the physical capacity to use it. A．intelligent B．impressive C．influential D．incentive |
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| 第2题：The main propose of the passage is to______.
A．propose reforms of the procedures for election the President and Vice-President B．describe the political events that lead to JohnAdams' victory in the 1796 C．condemnAlexander Hamilton for interfering in the election of 1796 D．contrast the political philosophy of the Federalists to that of Thomas Jefferson |
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| 第3题：Analysts have had their go at humor, and I have read sortie of this interpretative literature, but without being greatly instructeD、Humor can be dissected, as a frog can, but the thing dies in the process and the innards (内在部分) are discouraging to any but the pure scientific minD、 In a newsreel theatre the other day I saw a picture of a man who had developed the soap bubble to a higher point than it had ever before reacheD、He had become the ace soap bubble blower ofAmerica, had perfected the business of blowing bubbles, refined it, doubled it, squared it, and had even worked himself up into a convenient lather. The effect was not pretty. Some of the bubbles were too big to be beautiful, and the blower was always jumping into them or out of them, or playing some sort of unattractive trick with them. It was, if anything, a rather repulsive sight. Humor is a little like that: it won’t stand much blowing up, and it won’t stand much poking. It has a certain fragility, an evasiveness, which one had best respect.Essentially, it is a complete mystery. A、human frame convulsed with laughter, and the laughter becoming mysterious and uncontrollable, is as far out of balance as one shaken with the hiccoughs or in the throes of a sneezing fit. One of the things commonly said about humorists is that they are really very sad people—clowns with a breaking heart. There is some truth in it, but it is badly stateD、It would be more accurate, I think, to say that there is a deep vein of melancholy running through everyone’s life and that the humorist, perhaps more sensible of it than some others, compensates for it actively and positively. Humorists fatten on trouble. They have always made trouble pay. They struggle along with a good will and endure pain cheerfully, knowing how well it will serve them in the sweet by and by. You find them wrestling with foreign languages, fighting folding ironing boards and swollen drainpipes, suffering the terrible discomfort of tight boot (or as JoshBillings wittily called them, "tire boots"). They pour out their sorrows profitably, in a form that is not quite a fiction not quite a fact either.Beneath the sparking surface of these dilemmas flows the strong tide of human woe. Practically everyone is a manic depressive of sorts, with his up moments and his down moments, and you certainly don’t have to be a humorist to taste the sadness of situation and mooD、But there is often a rather fine line between laughing and crying, and if a humorous piece of writing brings a person to the point where his emotional responses are untrustworthy and seem likely to break over into the opposite realm, it is because humor, like poetry, has an extra content. It plays close to the big hot fire, which is Truth, and sometimes the reader feels the heat. A、humorous piece of writing can make the reader’s emotional responses untrustworthy because ______. A、it expresses the truth of the sadness of human life with a sparkling surface B．everyone has his happy moments and unhappy moments C．there is an obvious line between laughing and crying D．it is like poetry, very rhythmic |
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| 第4题： What was the most basic element of Wolfe's writing A．The tragic briefness of man's life. B．Every man and woman he met. C．The memory of his experience. D．His loneliness. |
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| 第5题：Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads inBritain. Mile (41) mile, vehicle for vehicle, you axe much (42) likely to be killed or seriously injured than on an ordinary roaD、On (43) hand, if you do have a serious accident on a motorway, fatalities are much more likely to (44) than in a comparable accident (45) on the roads. Motorways have no (46) bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and (47) speeds are much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is (48) in force, it is often treated with the contempt that most drivers have for the 30 mph limit applying in built up areas inBritain.Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers seem to like traveling in groups with perhaps (49) ten meters between each vehicle. The resulting horrific pile-ups (50) one vehicle stops for some reason—mechanical failure, driver error and so on—have become all (51) familiar through pictures in newspapers or on television. How (52) of these drivers realize that it takes a car about one hundred meters to brake to a stop (53) 70 mphDrivers also seem to think that motorway driving gives them complete protection from the changing weather. (54) wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, they (55) at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions (56) their journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy (57) this motorway madness would be better driver education.At present, learner drivers are barred (58) motorways and are thus as far as this kind of driving is (59) , thrown in at the deep enD、However, much more efficient policing is required, (60) it is the duty of the police not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from its own foolishness. A．thus B．then C．so D．thereupon |
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