| 考博易错题（2019/5/5） |
| 第1题：Comment on the author’ s view of what the U. S and Japanese governments might be expected to do to improve trade and economic relations between the two countries. |
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| 第2题：The procedures followed by scholars studying literature are often unsatisfactory: the control over a cognitive project as a whole is often lost. The literary scholar seems to be collecting data, which is a preliminary operation, without making use of them. Like a diligent ant gathering food it will never eat, the contemporary literary scholar seems intent upon writing footnotes of a book s/he will never try to reaD、 I propose that at the outset of a research project it is necessary to render explicitly the questions the scholar will try to answer, what methods will be used and the reason why s/he thinks that it may be worthwhile answering such questions. More over, the work of the people concerned with the study of literature seems casual. For instance, much research is devoted to one author, often on the occasion of an anniversary. Now there is no reason to think that our observations will be more valid, urgent, appropriate, useful, or interesting if the author of the texts we are concerned with was born or died or the texts were written fifty, one hundred, or two hundred years ago. This seems to be celebration and not research producing knowledge. It does not seem to make any sense to determine one’s research program by looking at the calendar. The widespread habit of limiting the scope of a research project to a single author often leads to a confined understanding of the author and the texts, which, in turn, offers marginal results. The average literary scholar considers these results satisfactory.But for what purpose are they satisfactory Often the research strategies and methods of the literary scholar are repetitive.A、new operation that is anologous to previous ones is often considered worthwhile. It is on these premises that many texts concerning literature are produced and accepteD、I propose instead that in a concrete project that tries to produce knowledge, any statement needs verification.But there is a point where it is unnecessary to repeat the same operation on new data, because the result has already been established: rather than additional confirmation of what is already known, it is the exploration of what is still unknown that deserves priority.Contemporary literary research seems to be based on habits that originated in the past and that bear little resemblance to research projects as they are intended now in other fields. If our main aim were the proposal of some objects as cultural models, then it would be useful to our purpose to try to attract our society’s attention toward these objects and the persons who produced them. It would be reasonable to perform our actions on the occasion of anniversaries, because we would not be doing research, but celebration and propagandA、Celebration aims at confirming certitudes and strengthening bonds of solidarity among the participants. It does not produce knowledge, but it confirms what is already known. Legitimating by means of the power of words has been for many centuries the main job of the man of letters. In the view of the writer, scholars studying literature need to ______.A．research more diligently. B．establish a clear purpose before commencing research. C．decrease the number of footnotes. D．avoid writing special works to celebrate anniversaries. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第3题：Can the Internet help patients jump the line at the doctor’s office The Silicon ValleyEmployers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online "virtual visits" between doctors at three big local medical groups and about 6,000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle andCisco Systems, hope that online visits will mean employees won’t have to skip work to tend to minor ailments or to follow up on chronic conditions. "Which our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hometown can be a big chunk of time," saysCindyConway, benefits director atCadenceDesign Systems, one of the participating companies. Doctors aren’t clamoring to chat with patients online for free; they spend enough unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has everE-mailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firmCyberDialogue. "We are not stupid," says Stirling Somers, executive director of the Silicon Valley employers group. "Doctors getting paid is a critical piece in getting this to work." In the pilot program, physicians will get $ 20 per online consultation, about what they get for a simple office visit. Doctors also fear they’ll be swamped by ramblingE-mails that tell everything but what’s needed to make a diagnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, anAlameda,Calif—— based start-up. Healinx’s "Smart Symptom Wizard" questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 60 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem and outline a treatment plan, which could includeE-mailing a prescription or a face-to-face visit. CanE-mail replace the doctor’s office Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require stethoscope to discover what’s wrong-and to avoid a malpractice suit.Even LarryBonham, head of one of the doctor’s groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctor’s visits offer a "very narrow" sliver of service between phone calls to an advice nurse and a visit to the cliniC、 The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service. So far, the Internet’s record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is "a huge roll of the dice for Healinx", notes MichaelBarrett, an analyst at Internet consulting firm Forester Research. If the "Web visits" succeed, expect some HMOs (Health Maintenance Organizations) to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients aren’t satisfied, figure on one moreE-health start-up to stand down. The Silicon Valley employers promote theE-health program for the purpose of ______. A、rewarding their employees B、gratifying the local hospitals C、boosting worker productivity D、testing a sophisticated technology |
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| 第4题：If you ______ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.
A．lessen B．moderate C．dismiss D．overcome |
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| 第5题： A．When B．Even though C．Since D．Nevertheless |
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