| 考博易错题（2019/5/17） |
| 第1题：As our eyes ranged over the broad shoulders of the mountain, the eoncepti0n of its ______ grew upon us.
A. multitude B．gratitude C．latitude D．magnitude |
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| 第2题： A、number of articles have been published by psychologists in favor of their procession being permitted to prescribe psychotropic medications. A、review of studies surveying practitioners, though reveals that the majority of psychologists are opposed to the gaining of prescription privileges, Unless a major shift occurs in the attitudes of most psychologists on this issue, prescription privileges could cause divisions within the field, as well as a greater division between psychologists and other professions. There has been a growing interest in psychopharmacology among a variety of subspecialties in psychology. Therefore, before psychologists become involved in prescribing psychopharmacological agents, it is critical that licensure provisions be developeD、According to psychologist Tom Kubiszyn, school psychologists, because of their training and setting, may be in a unique position to expand their competencies in the areas of pediatric medication and evaluation procedures, particularly with schoolchildren diagnosed as having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, StephenDeMers of the University of Kentucky points out possible complications with school psychologists seeking greater involvement in psychopharmacology. School psychology programs provide much less training and experience in psychopathology and therapeutic interventions than clinical psychology programs do. Within the field of psychology, there are varying degrees of credentials, making it difficult for clients to identify competent practitioners. For instance, in psychology, the public may have difficulty understanding the difference between a PsyD, a PhD, and anEdD、Some psychologists have a master’s degree, while others have earned certificates of advancement in areas such as drug and alcohol or family therapy.Currently, psychology licensing acts allow for the credentialing of all psychologists with a doctoral degree, regardless of whether the individual was trained as a practitioner. Perhaps the PsyD、and PhD、need to be two distinct degrees, whereby the PsyD、is for practitioners and the Ph.D、is for researchers and academicians. The result would be different training in psychology for the two degrees. The absence of criteria identifying the practitioner is a serious impediment for professional psychology and must be resolved before granting psychologists the right to prescribe psychotropic medication. "credentials" in the last paragraph refers to ______. A、professional techniques B、qualified certificates C、personal qualifications D、substantial formal education |
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| 第3题：In recent speeches at Republican fundraisers, PresidentBush has taken to criticizing the press for baring government secrets. The outgoing secretary of the Treasury, John Snow, in what may have been his last official act, wrote to The New York Times that in exposing the monitoring of bank transfers, it had undermined a successful counterterrorism program. A、house resolution, passed by a party line vote, called on the media to safeguard classified programs. The government has discovered what governments have discovered before, that an undercurrent of hostility towards the news media runs through the country and that there could be political advantage in campaigning against the press in general. The champion press hater, of course, was President Nixon, who told his staff that the press is the enemy, and he proceeded to declare his own private war against the mediA、 In 1969, he had a speech written by speechwriter PatBuchanan denouncing the media as a "tiny and closed fraternity of privileged men".And he gave it to Vice President SpiroAgnew to deliver. That speech is best remembered today for the line contributed by another speechwriter, William Safire, about "nattering nabobs of negativism". It is not clear that the public hates the press as much as officialdom would like to think.A、recent Pew Research report found that public attitudes towards the press have been on a downward track for years. Growing numbers of people questioned the news media’s patriotism and fairness.And yet mostAmericans continue to say they like mainstream news outlets. And so, as TheChristian Science Monitor headlined the other day: "Amid war on terror, a war with the press." You would not expect that I, as a journalist, would exhibit total neutrality in such a war.And so let me quote Justice Potter Stewart in his opinion in the Pentagon Papers ease in 1971: "In the absence of governmental checks and balances present in other areas of our national life, the only effective restraint upon executive policy and power in the area of national defense and international affairs may lie in an enlightened citizenry... Without an informed and free press, there cannot be an enlightened people;" That remains true, even when Mr.Bush proclaims a state of war with the terrorists. The passage shows that the author is ______.A．on neutral ground B．pro free press C．indifferent to the situation D．critical of free press |
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| 第4题：Small, pink and very ugly. Hardly the qualities of a star, but they describe the deformed mouse that was the media darling at a recent science exhibition inBeijing. With a complex tissue structure in the shape of a human ear grafted on to its back, the rosy rodent was a stunning symbol of the serious stridesChina is making in the field of biotechnology. China is fast applying the latest life-science techniques learned from the West m aggressively pursue genome research. It’s establishing its own centers of technical excellence to build a scientific base to compete directly with the United States andEurope. With a plentiful supply of smart young scientists at home and lots of interest abroad biotechnology is on the brink of a boom inChina and in the view of foreign scientists,Beijing is playing a clever hand, maximizing the opportunities open to them. For the moment, the cooperation exists mostly withEurope and the U. S.ButAsia’s other biotech leaders, Japan, Singapore and Korea, also are recognizingChina’s potential as an attractive low-cost base to conduct research. These partnerships--andChina’s advancement in the field of biotechnology--could help benefit the rest ofAsia:China’s rapid progress in improving crop yields will address food-security concerns in the region. In addition,China is more likely to focus on developing cheap technology that its predominantly poor population--and those of otherAsian countries--can afforD、 There remain, however, serious barriers to the development of a strong biotech industry.Among them are a poor domestic legal framework, weak enforcement of intellectual-property rights and loose adherence to international standards.China is a signatory of the InternationalBio Safety Protocol, which should mean adherence to global standards governing the conduct of field trims.But some observers are skeptical. "The regulations look good, but I haven’t met one scientist who believes they are being fully adhered to," says aEuropean science analyst. If shortcuts are taken, then some of the recent scientific achievements trumpeted in the official press may never make it to market.But no matter how strict lab tests are, other problems lie in wait. For example, there is a number of tasks it would take years to fulfill in the patents office, says one lawyer, leaving innovators with little protection if they take a product to market inChinA、 The phrase "on the brink of a boom" (in boldface in Paragraph 2) in the context means ______.A．having an edge in competition B．in great demand C、on the way to success D．preparing for challenge |
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| 第5题：TOPIC There is no denying that the average living standard of our country has greatly increased since the economic reform started 20 years ago. However, neither is it deniable that there has been a growing contrast in income between the rich and the poor. What do you think of this contrast in our country State your opinion with appropriate supporting details. |
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