| 考博易错题（2019/6/17） |
| 第1题：The word "obscurity" in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ______.
A．disappearance B．influence C．qualification D．tolerance |
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| 第2题：The author implies that the FourteenthAmendment might not have been enacted if ______
A、Congress' authority with regard to legislating civil rights had not been challenged B．the framers had anticipated the SupremeCourt is ruling inBrown v.Board ofEducation C．the framers had believed that it would be used in deciding cases of discrimination involving non-racial groups D．most state governments had been willing to protect citizens' civil fights |
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| 第3题：{{B}}Passage Three{{/B}} All of these researchers, however, visited the community in its early years of operation.As mentioned previously, recent, non-scholarly reports are less positive. Thus there remains some doubt as to the long-term viability of even such a model of indigenous ecotourism development asCapironA、This study originally proposed to studyCapimna’s project, but that community was weary of such research visits and refused a request to carry out the study there. PaloBlanco, though completing only its first year of ecotourism developmemt was chosen as an alternate site. Perhaps it should not be surprising that the prospects for ecotourism in RioBlanco appear, as they did inCapirona quite bright. Ecotourism development efforts differ from mainstream development efforts in that, aside from start-up loans, much or all of the continuing financial support comes from tourists rather than from governments or development agencies.As a result, the two main players many ecotourism endeavor—the hosts and the guests—are driven by differing motivations. The local population hopes to improve its own lot by taking advantage of the curiosity, disposable income, and in some cases, perhaps, good intentions of ecotourists. The tourists want to "explore the natural wonders of the world," whether that be a wildebeest migration across the Serengeti or the march of leaf-cutter ants across the jungle floor (Ryan and Grasse 1991: 166). In contrast to mass tourism, ecotourism permits tourists to seek educational self-fulfillment in the form of travel, and tries to transform that activity into something that benefits the greater good—specifically, to fund environmental preservation, rural development, and even cultural survival. However, in order to satisfy everyone—tourists, environmentalists, tour operators and the local hosts—ecotourism must bring into aliganment a variety of contradictory purposes.Ecotourism promotes feelings among tourists that they are part of the solution when, in fact, the very act of flying a thousand miles or more to their destination consumes resources and pollutes the enviroment (cf. Somerville 1994). The beauty of ecotourism is that it can exploit this egotistic motivation; the flaw is that it is forever limited by it. Even a brief foray into development literature, however, shows that flawed conceptualizations are the rule, not the exception.As development, ecotourism may be no more inchoate than any other approach, and in some ways it is as progressive as any theory. For example, ecotourism twin development goals—conserving the environment and benefiting local peoples—are increasingly seen, both within and outside of tourism circles, as interdependent. Without economic development, many argue that environmental conservation is neither ethical nor sustainableBoo 1990: 1; West andBrechin 1992: 14;Brandon and Wells 1992). Such conservation can be achieved only by providing local people with alternative income sources which do not threaten to deplete the plants and amamis within the protected zoneBrandon and Wells 1992: 557). Most research on this issue, however, assumes that the protective regulations have been established by the government or another external ageacy. In RioBlanco, however, the people themselves are already acting to protect their lanD、 【单选题】： | |
| 第4题：The price of beer ______ from 40 cents to ＄4 per liter during the summer season.
A．altered B．ranged C．separated D．differed |
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| 第5题： {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are twenty blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the right word or phrase from the choices given below for each of the blanks. Write your answer on theANSWER SHEET. Many psychologists and educators remain skeptical of approaches that place 4-year-olds in a formal educational setting. They question {{U}} (34) {{/U}} environmental enrichment can significantly alter the built-in developmental timetable of a child reared in a non-disadvantaged home. They do not deny, however, the {{U}} (35) {{/U}} of day-care centers and nursery schools that provide a homelike environment and allow children {{U}} (36) {{/U}} freedom to play, develop at their own {{U}} (37) {{/U}} , and evolve their social skills.But they point out that many of the things children once did in first grade are now {{U}} (38) {{/U}} of them in kindergarten, and they worry lest more and more will now be asked of 4- year-olds. These psychologists and educators believe we are driving young children too {{U}} (39) {{/U}} and thereby depriving them of their {{U}} (40) {{/U}}. |