| 考博易错题（2019/6/27） |
| 第1题：The pioneers’ greatest asset was not their material wealth but their ______. A、fortitude B、simplicity C、companions D、possessions |
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| 第2题：你可能在花费过多的时间竭力去赢得他人的赞许，也可能因别人的非议而费心劳神。如果别人的赞许已成为你生活中的一种需要，那么，你就不能听之任之了。首先，你应该认识到：寻求赞许与其说是生活之必需，不如说是一种欲望。我们都愿意博得掌声、听到赞扬或受到称颂。精神上受到抚慰的感觉是美妙的。谁愿意放弃这种享受呢 是的，确实也没有必要放弃。赞许本身无损于你的精神健康；事实上，受到恭维是令人十分惬意的事。寻求赞许的心理只有在成为一种需要，而不仅仅是愿望时，才成为一个误区。 |
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| 第3题：With the US economy slowing down, layoffs are everywhere. No industry is spareD、If you end up having to start over, in addition to starting your job search, there are several things you should take care of to make your transition a smooth one. First and foremost, clear up any misunderstanding about how and why you left your last job with your exb0ss. Whether you left voluntarily, were fired or were laid off due to budget cutbacks, make sure you both have the same explanation.Agree on job titles accordingly.Also ask for a reference if you think your ex-boss will offer one and you trust that he or she will speak honestly about your performance. You should have a source of emergency cash that you can use in the interim.Don’t panic and liquidate your stocks and bonds just yet, be optimistic in your prospects while also be more frugal than usual. You should save money on not having to dry clean work clothes so often and eating less take-out lunches. Save money by not eating out at restaurants and watch videos rather than going to the movies every weekenD、Make a note of your job-hunting expenses, such as career counselor consulting fees and resume printing costs, and save the receipts.By next year’s taxfIIing time, you could get deductions on your job-search expense (unless you left a job willingly or was a college graduate looking for your first job). Most companies terminate your medical insurance coverage as soon as you stop working for them.But it doesn’t mean you have to forgo medical coverage altogether. There is something calledConsolidated OmnibusBudget ReconciliationActCOBRA、in the United States that legally protects an ex-employee’s right to stay in the company’s health care plan. However, the company will stop paying your premiums, and you will have to pay out of your pocket the expenses-This is still a good option compared to no health insurance at all. Another important thing to take care of when you change jobs is your 401 (k) account.A、401 (k) is the retirement fund that most companies offer. It’s named after section 401 (k) in the Internal Revenue Service’s policy documents. You put aside a percentage of your paycheck each pay period, and the money accumulated will be managed by the 401 (k) fund manager your employer has hired and is invested in the stock market. You cannot withdraw money from this account until you reach this age, or you will incur penalties. When you leave a job, the money can sometimes be kept with your ex-employer for a while. It’s always a good idea to compare your new employer’s 401 (k) plan with your old one.Every company offers different types of investment options, form over- seas stocks to high-tech stocks and everything in between. If you do want to transfer the account to your new employer, you need to go to the human resources department and ask for forms that help you make the transition. Don’t forget to ask for job leads form your ex-coworker.Even if you are leaving for a job in an- other industry, you never know what people they happen to know that can help with your job search. Keep in touch with the friends you have make at your old joB、Remember to anchor yourself to people, not institutions, and you will find that any transition is made easier. What’s the point of saving the receipts of job-searching expense A、To get reductions at tax-filing time. B、To keep a record of one’s job-hunting experience. C、To be aware of one’s expenditure and be frugal. D、Because one’s ex-boss will reimburse the job-searching expense. |
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| 第4题：To broaden their voting appeal in the presidential election of 1796, the Federalists selected Thomas Pinckney, a leading SouthCarolinian, as framing mate for the NewEnglander JohnAdams.But Pinckney’ s Southern friends chose to ignore their party’ s intentions and regarded Pinckney as a presidential candidate, creating a political situation thatAlexander Hamilton was determined to exploit. Hamilton had long been wary ofAdams’ stubbornly independent brand of politics and preferred to see his running mate, over whom he could exert more control, in the President’s chair. The election was held under the system originally established by theConstitution.At that time there was but a single tally, with the candidate receiving the largest number of electoral votes declared President and the candidate with the second largest number declared Vice-President. Hamilton anticipated that all the Federalists in the North would vote forAdams and Pinckney equally in an attempt to ensure that Jefferson would not be either first or second in the voting. Pinckney would be solidly supported in the south whileAdams, yet both Federalists would outpoll Jefferson. Various methods were used to persuade the electors to vote as Hamilton wisheD、In the press, anonymous articles were published attackingAdams for his monarchial tendencies and Jefferson for being overly democratic, while pushing Pinckney as the only suitable candidate. In private correspondence with state party leaders the Hamiltonians encouraged the idea thatAdams’ popularity was slipping, that he could not win the election, and that the Federalists could defeat Jefferson only by supporting Pinckney. Had sectional pride and loyalty not run as high in NewEngland as in the deep south, Pinckney might well have become Washington’ s successor. NewEnglanders, however, realized that equal votes forAdams and Pinckney in their states would defeatAdams, therefore, eighteen electors scratched Pinckney’ s name from their ballots and deliberately threw away their second votes to men who were not even running. It was fortunate forAdams that they did, for the electors from SouthCarolina completely abandoned him, giving eight votes to Pinckney and eight to Jefferson. In the end, Hamilton’ s interference in Pinckney’ s candidacy lost even the Vice-Presidency of SouthCarolin A、Without NewEngland’ s support, Pinckney received only 59 electoral votes, finishing third toAdams and Jefferson. He might have been President in 1979, or as Vice-President a serious contender for the Presidency in 1800; instead, stigmatized by a plot he had not devised, he set wed a brief term in the United States Statute and then dropped from sight as a national influence. According to the passage, Hamilton’ s plan included allBUT which of the following A、Articles published in newspapers to create opposition to JohnAdams. B、SouthCarolina’ s loyalty to Thomas Pinckney. C、Private contact with state officials urging them to support Thomas Pinckney. D、JohnAdams’ reputation as a stubborn and independent NewEnglander. |
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| 第5题： A、accordingly B．acceptably C．independently D．infinitely |
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