| 考博易错题（2019/8/12） |
| 第1题： According to this passage, Motorola Inc. ______. A．is the world's largest mobile phone maker B．is trying to become a mobile technology provider besides being a mobile phone maker C．will only sell chips of the mobile phones D．is going to sell all its manufacturing plants |
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| 第2题： The initiative is supported by privacy advocates, but has been criticized by researchers and industry ______, who argue that it would create damaging barriers to the use of patient information in research. A．speakers B．architects C．lobbyists D．designers |
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| 第3题："Sloganeering" did not originate in the 1960s. The term has a rich history. It originated from the Gaelic word slaughgharim, which signified a "host-shout." "war cry," or "gathering word or phrase of one of the old Highland clans; hence the shout or battle cry of soldiers in the fielD、"English-speaking people began using the term by 1704. The term at the time meant "the distinctive note, phrase, or cry of any person or body of persons." Slogans were common throughout theEuropean continent during the middle ages, and they were utilized primarily as "passwords to insure pooper recognition of individuals at night or in the confusion of battle." TheAmerican revolutionary rhetoric would not have been the same without "theBoston Massacre," "theBoston Tea Party," "the shot heard around the world," and shouts of "no taxation without representation". Slogans operate in society as "social symbols" and, as such, their intended or perceived meaning may be difficult to grasp and their impact or stimulation may differ between and among individuals and groups. Because slogans may operate as "significant symbols" or as key words that have a standard meaning in a group, they serve both expressive and persuasive functions. Harold Lasswell recognized that the influencing of collective attitudes is possible by the manipulation of significant symbols such as slogans. He believed that a verbal symbol might evoke a desired reaction or organize collective attitudes around a symbol. MurrayEdelman writes that "to the political scientist patterning or consistency in the context in which specific groups of individuals use symbols is crucial, for only through such patterning do common political meaning and claims arise." Thus, the slogans a group uses to evoke specific responses may provide ns with an index for the group’s norm, values, and conceptual rationale for its claims. Slogans are so pervasive in today’s society that it is easy to underestimate their persuasive power. They have grown in significance because of the medium of television and the advertising industry. Television, in addition to being the major advertising medium, has altered the nature of human interaction. Political images arc less personal and shorter. They function as summaries and conclusions rather than bases for public interaction and debate. The style of presentation in television is more emotional, but the content is less complex or ideological. In short, slogans work well on television. The advertising industry has made a science of sloganeering. Today, communication itself is a problem because we live in an "overcommunicated" society.Advertisers have discovered that it is easier to link product attributes to existing beliefs, ideas, goals, and desires of the consumer rather than to change them. Thus, to say that a cookie tastes "homemade" or is as good as "Mom used to make" does not tell us if the cookie is good or bad, hard or soft, but simply evokes the fond memories of Mother’s baking.Advertisers, then, are more successful if they present a product in a way that capitalizes on established beliefs or expectations of the consumer. Slogans do this well by crystallizing in a few words the key idea or theme one wants to associate with an issue, group, product, or event. "Sloganeering" has become institutionalized as a virtual art form, and an advertising agency may spend months testing and creating the right slogan for a product or a person. Slogans have a number of attributes that enhance their persuasive potential for social movements. They are unique and readily identifiable with a specific social movement or social movement organization. "Gray Power," for instance, readily identifies the movement for elderlyAmericans, and "Huelga" (strike in Spanish) identifies the movement to aid MexicanAmerican field workers in the west and southwest. Because slogans are "social symbols" they ______. A、can hav |
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| 第4题： Directions: For each blank for questions in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given following the passage. {{U}} (24) {{/U}} by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to {{U}} (25) {{/U}} their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much {{U}} (26) {{/U}} to eat. The product, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid by-product of cheese and milk with the sugar {{U}} (27) {{/U}} Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It {{U}} (28) {{/U}} Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and {{U}} (29) {{/U}} dog focd (named Tizbits) , three years to {{U}} (30) {{/U}} the Frosty Paws formulas, and two {{U}} (31) {{/U}} to commercialize it.After losing $25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to associated leeCream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and {{U}} (32) {{/U}} it in cups. Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has been tested {{U}} (33) {{/U}} and that "dogs love it". Of 1,400 dogs that have been {{U}} (34) {{/U}} the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first {{U}} (35) {{/U}} Three out of four {{U}} (36) {{/U}} it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be {{U}} (37) {{/U}} in the ice-cream section of supermarkets, comes in {{U}} (38) {{/U}} of three or four cups, costing about $1.79. What would happen {{U}} (39) {{/U}} a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream "Nothing, " says Tyznik. "It’s {{U}} (40) {{/U}} , but frankly, it won’t taste very gooD、" |
| 第5题：So far (the story) is from being true that (I was surprised) anyone (could have believed) it (was)so.
A．the story B．I was surprised C．could have believed D．was so |
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