考博易错题（2019/9/25）

第1题：TheEnglish, as a race, are very different from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French,Belgians andDutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest ofEurope has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that theEnglishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities. Broadly speaking, theEnglishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners she often seems inhibited, even embarrasseD、You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual.AnEnglishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, "On entering a railway carriage shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspect. In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gestures. TheEnglishman is somewhat different. Of course, anEnglishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas a more emotional man might describe her as "an excellent jewel", "extremely beautiful", "precious", theEnglishman will flatly state "Urn, she’s all right".AnEnglishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, "It’s not bad, you know," or on seeing very unusual scenery he might convey his pleasure by saying, "Nice, yes, very nice." The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement; he must realize that "all right", "not had", and "nice", very often have the sense of "first- class", "excellent", "beautiful". This special use of language, particularly common inEngland, is known as restrained statement. According to the passage, theEnglishman ______.A．has less feelings than other nationalities B．has emotions as deep as any other nationalities C．expresses emotion by use of his language D．likes to have a joke with foreign visitors

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"It was the beginning of a revolution inAmerica and the world, a revolution that some have yet to acknowledge and many have yet to appreciate," says Harold Skramstad, president of the Henry Ford Museum inDearborn, Michigan. 1776 No indeeD、1896, when FrankDuryea finally perfected theDuryea Motor Wagon.At its first airing, the contraption rolled less than 100 metres before the transmission froze up.But by the end of 1896Duryea had sold 13 of them, thus giving birth to theAmerican motor industry.
That industry (whose roots, outsideAmerica, are usually attributed to tinkerings by MessrsDaimler andBenz in Germany) is being celebrated hugely over the coming months, culminating with a GreatAmericanCruise inDetroit in June. "Our goal is to attract the greatest collection of antique and classic cars this nation has ever seen in one place at one time," says Mr. Skramstad modestly.
Americans may indeed blame the car for almost everything that has happened to their country, and themselves, since 1896. The car has determineD、
The way they live. From cradle to grave, the car marks every rite ofAmerican passage. Home by car from the maternity ward; first driving licence (usually at the age of 16); first (backseat) sexual experience; first car of one’s own (and the make of car is a prime determinant of social status, symbolic of everything a person is or does). In Las Vegas, and elsewhere,Americans can get married at drive-in chapels. They then buy, or lust after, a house with garages big enough for not one but two or three cars. This allocates more space to cars than to children.And when the time comes, they may lie in state at a drive-through funeral home, where you can pay your respects without pulling over.
The way they shop. Main Street has been replaced by the strip mall and the shopping mall, concentrating consumer goods in an auto-friendly space.A、large part of each shopping trip must now be spent, bags under chin, searching for the place where the car was left.And another point: bags have annoyingly lost their carrying handles since shoppers ceased to be pedestrian) Since car-friendly living and shopping became the role, most built-up parts ofAmerica now look like every other part. There is simply no difference between aBurger Inn inCalifornia and one on the outskirts ofBoston.
The way they eat.A、significant proportion ofAmericans’ weekly meals are now consumed inside cars, sometimes while parked outside the (drive-by) eatery concerned, sometimes en route, which leads to painful spillages in laps, leading to overburdening of the legal system.Dozens of laws have been written to deal with car cases, ranging from traffic disputes to product liability.Drive-by shootings require a car, as do most getaways. The car is a great crime accessory; and it als0 causes the deaths of nearly 40,000Americans every year.
Personal finances.Before the age of the car, few people went into debt; no need to borrow money to buy a home. NowAmericans tie themselves up with extended installment loans, and this in turn has spawned a whole financial industry.
The wealth of the nation.By 1908, an estimated 485 different manufacturers were building cars in the United States.Employment grew nearly 100-fold in the industry during the first decade of the 20th century. When Henry Ford, in a stroke of genius, automated his production line he required a rush of new, unskilled labour, which he enticed by offering an unheard-of $ 5 a day in wages. Henceforth, workers could actually afford to buy what they built.
AndAmericans never looked back. Today, theBig Three car manufacturers (Food, GM andChrysler) generate more than $200 billion a year in business inside the United States.Directly and indirectly, the

第2题：{{B}}Passage 2{{/B}}

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第3题： Being impatient is ______ with being a good teacher. A．intrinsic B．ingenious C．incompatible D．inherent

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第4题： A、covered B．crowded C．full D．plenty

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第5题：The Renaissance embraced, first of all, an impressive record of new achievements in art, literature, science, philosophy, education and religion.Although die foundation of many of these was classical, they soon expanded beyond the measure of Greek and Roman influence. Indeed, many of the achievements in painting, science, politics and religion bore little relation to the classical heritage. Secondly, the Renaissance incorporated a number of dominant ideas and attitudes that gave it the impress of a unique society. Notable among these in general were optimism, and individualism; but the most significant of them all was humanism. In its broadest meaning humanism may be defined as emphasis on the human values. It was a term derived fromCicero, who used it in the sense of devotion to the liberal arts, or the subjects most compatible with the dignity of man. The humanists rejected the Scholastic philosophy with its preoccupation with theology and logiC、They strove for a smooth and elegant style that would appeal more to the aesthetic than to the rational side of man’s nature.

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