| 考博易错题（2019/10/11） |
| 第1题：The great question that this paper will, but feebly, attempt to answer is, What is the creative process Though much theory has accumulated, little is really known about the power that lies at tile bottom of poetic creation. It is true that great poets and artists produce beauty by employing all the powers of personality and by fusing emotions, reason, and intuitions.But what is the magical synthesis that joins and arranges these complex parts into poetic unity John L. Lowes, in his justly famous The Road to Xanadu, developed one of the earliest and still generally acceptable answers to this tantalizing question. Imaginative creation, he concludes, is a complex process in which the conscious and unconscious minds "jointly operate." "There is…the deep well with its chaos of fortuitously blending images; but there is likewise the Vision which sees shining in and through the chaos the potential lines of Form, and with the Vision, the controlling Will, which gives to that potential beauty actuality." TheDeep Well is the unconscious mind that is peopled with the facts, ideas, feelings of conscious activity. The imaginative vision, an unconscious activity, shines through the land of chaos, of lights and shadows, silently seeking pattern and form. Finally, the conscious mind again, through Will, captures and embodies the idea in the final work of art. In this way is unity born out of chaos. Though there can be no absolute certainty, there is general agreement that the periods in the development of a creative work parallel, to some extent, Lowes’ theory of Well, Vision, Form, and Will. There are at least three stages in the creative process: preparation, inspiration, work. In a sense, the period of preparation is all of the writer’s life. It is theDeep Well. It is especially a period of concentration which gives the unconscious mind an opportunity to communicate with the conscious minD、When remembrance of things past reaches the conscious level of the writer’s mind, he is ready to go on with the process. Part of this preparation involves learning a medium--learning a language, learning how to write, learning literary forum. It is important to note here that form cannot be imposed upon the ideA、Evidence, though sparse, shows that the idea gives birth to the form that can best convey it. It is the Vision, according to Lowes, "which sees shining in and through the chaos the potential lines of Form …\ Which of the following statements is trueA．The form determines the subject matter. B．The idea determines the form. C．Vision makes beauty an actuality. D．A、writer’s period of preparation is spent at school. |
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| 第2题： In last paragraph, the word "lobby" probably means "______". A．persuade B．approve C．separate D．imitate |
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| 第3题： He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and ______ of their criticism or censure. A．running short B．running out C．running the gauntlet D．running ahead |
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| 第4题： For each blank there are four choices markedA,B, C、and D、You should choose the ON E、that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet. D、That’s one to two football fields. This{{U}} 57 {{/U}}rate of destruction has serious consequences{{U}} 58 {{/U}}the environment. Scientists estimate, for example, that 137{{U}} 59 {{/U}}of plant, insect or animal become{{U}} 60 {{/U}}every day due to logging. InBritishColumbia, {{U}} 61 {{/U}},since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut,142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the{{U}} 62 {{/U}}of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatene D、Logging, {{U}} 63 {{/U}},provides jobs , profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is{{U}} 64 {{/U}}to restrict or control it. Much ofCanada’s forestry production{{U}} 65 {{/U}}making pulp and paper.According to theCanadian Pulp and PaperAssociation,Canada {{U}} 66 {{/U}}34%of the world’s wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way,Canadian forests could be{{U}} 67 {{/U}}. Recently, a possible{{U}} 68 {{/U}}way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fibre which can be{{U}} 69 {{/U}}paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries{{U}} 70 {{/U}}it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading{{U}} 71 {{/U}}would not have been possible{{U}} 72 {{/U}}hemp. Nowadays, ships’ cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be{{U}} 73 {{/U}}for the production of paper and pulp.According to its proponents, four-times as{{U}} 74 {{/U}}paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the{{U}} 75 {{/U}}scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure onCanada’s forests. |
| 第5题： {{B}}Directions:{{/B}} There are 5 reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA,B,C, andD、You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on theANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. Dr. Martin Jacobson of Silver Spring, MD、, assigned patent rights to the U. S. Government as represented by the Secretary ofAgriculture. The chemical can be used to detect gypsy moth infestations, as well as to control the insects. The gypsy moth does serious damage to forest and shade trees in NewEngland and eastern New York State. The caterpillars, or larvae, of gypsy moths eat the leaves of trees, often causing death by a single attack. Losses of hardwood trees have been estimated at tens of millions of dollars from a 20-year study. Gypsy moths were prevented from spreading to other U. S. forest areas by using the natural attractant of the female to detect infestations, then spraying with chemicals such asDDT to kill the insects. Since the lure could previously be obtained only by clipping the last two abdominal segments of the virgin female moth, extracting the segments with benzene and then processing to stabilize the chemical, the procedure was expensive.Another difficulty was that, as the gypsy moth population declined, it became increasingly hard to obtain the females needed for lure production. Dr. Jacobson overcame both these difficulties by discovering a synthetic method for making the female’s attractant chemical. The chemical is known as 12-acetoxy-l-hydroxycis-9- octadecene. It is so potent that the fraction of a drop produced by the female is 200,000 times more than the amount needed to catch a mate. The synthetic chemical is also very powerful--it works in amounts about equivalent to one drop in a box car. The flightless female gypsy moth mates only once a year and, as soon as she does, an enzyme switches off production of the sex attractant. The winged male, however, call mate several times and it is because of this that the chemical is being used for pest control. By using a mixture of attractant andDDT in traps lined with a sticky substance, enough males can be caught to reduce the gypsy moth population substantially. |