考博考试

【单选题】 He claimed $ 1 million______ from his boss for the loss of his left leg while at work.
A．payment
B．check
C．damages
D．income

【单选题】 Mr. White brought a countercharge against you because you had______ him for smuggling several pieces of antiques and cultural relics.
A．charged
B．indicted
C．accused
D．prosecuted

【单选题】 The coming of automation is ______ to have important social consequences.
A．like
B．frightful
C．bound
D．compelled

【单选题】

in thE worlD oF mAnAgEmEnt, EmployEEs ArE nonExEmpt or ExEmpt, DEpEnDing on whEthEr thEy gEt pAiD For ovErtimE or not.{{u}} (21) {{/u}}A CrEAtivE sCiEntist, likE A CrEAtivE Artist, DoEs not sEE his or hEr timE. thE vEry iDEA oF A CrEAtivE sCiEntist{{u}} (22) {{/u}}out timE shEEts is luDiCrous. FAsCinAtion in sCiEnCE CAnnot BE turnED on or oFF on{{u}} (23) {{/u}}thE CrEAtivE minD ContinuEs to wAnDEr{{u}} (24) {{/u}}thE BoDy EAts, ExErCisEs, or slEEps. intErruptions in or out oF thE lABorAtory, thE liBrAry, thE oFFiCE or thE homE stuDy mAy{{u}} (25) {{/u}}A promising EFFort.{{u}} (26) {{/u}}thE wEll-EstABlishED prACtiCE oF moonlighting.Do whAt you nEED to Do to kEEp thE wolF{{u}} (27) {{/u}}From thE Door, thE worlD{{u}} (28) {{/u}}your thEsis ADvisEr, tEAm lEADEr, or lABorAtory DirECtor. thEn usE thE rEst oF your timE, pErhAps At night or on thE wEEkEnDs, to Do{{u}} (29) {{/u}}you rEAlly wAnt to Do.All oF us who hAD DonE sCiEnCE know how to{{u}} (30) {{/u}}EFFECtivEly. so mAny sCiEntiFiC Books ArE prEFACED By rEmArks suCh As "i thAnk my spousE, who tolErAtED my AwFul AntiCs whilE this Book wAs BEing writtEn." i{{u}} (31) {{/u}}thAt somE oF thE most CrEAtivE rEsults to ComE out oF my lABorAtory wErE oBtAinED By grADuAtE stuDEnts or postDoCtorAl AssistAnts in thE{{u}} (32) {{/u}}oF my instruCtions or EvEn{{u}} (33) {{/u}}AgAinst thEm. thE CrEAtivE minD hAs A vision.AnD vision,{{u}} (34) {{/u}}jonAthAn smith, is thE Art oF sEEing things{{u}} (35) {{/u}}. to try to ExplAin A vision CAn gEt onE into sErious trouBlE, As joAn oFArC (圣女贞德) FounD out. it is BEttEr to moonlight until things BEComE visiBlE.

A．out
B．AwAy
C．AlooF
D．AsiDE

【单选题】Pardon one: how are your manners
The decline of civility and good manners may be worrying people more than crime, according to Gentility Recalled, edited byDigbyAnderson, which laments the breakdown of traditional codes that once regulated social conduct. It criticizes the fact that "manners" are scorned us repressive and outdateD、
The result, according to Mr.Anderson-director of the SocialAffairs Unit, an independent think-tank—is a society characterized by rudeness: loutish behaviour on the streets, jostling in crowds, impolite shop assistants and bad-tempered drivers.
Mr.Anderson says the cumulative effect of these—apparently trivial, but often offensive—is to make everyday life uneasy, unpredictable and unpleasant.As they are encountered far more often than crime, they can cause more anxiety than crime.
When people lament the disintegration of law and order, he argues, what they generally mean is order, as manifested by courteous forms of social contact. Meanwhile, attempts to re-establish restraint and self-control through "politically correct" rules are artificial.
The book has contributions from 12 academic in disciplines ranging from medicine to sociology and charts what it calls the "coarsening" ofBritain. Old- fashioned terms such as "gentleman" and "lady" have lost all meaningful resonance and need to be re-evaluated, it says. Rachel Trickett, honorary fellow and former principal of St Hugh’ sCollege, Oxford, says that the notion of a "lady" protects women rather than demeaning them.
Feminism and demands for equality have blurred the distinctions between the sexes, creating situations where men are able to dominate women because of their more aggressive and forceful natures, she says. "Women, without some code of deference or respect, become increasingly victims."
Caroline Moore, the first woman fellow of Peterhouse,Cambridge, points out that "gentleman" is now used only with irony or derision.
"The popular view of a gentleman is poised somewhere between the imbecile parasite and the villainous one: between Woosteresque chinless wonders, and those heartless capitalist toffs who are the stock-in-trade of television."
She argues that the concept is neither class-bound nor rigid; conventions of gentlemanly behavior enable a man to act naturally as and individual within shared assumptions while taking his place in society.
"Politeness is no constraint, precisely because the manners are no ’ code’ but a language, rich, flexible, restrained and infinitely subtle."
ForAnthony O’ Hear, professor of philosophy at the University ofBradford, manners are closely associated with the different forms of behavior appropriate to age and status. They curb both the impetuosity of youth and the bitterness of old age.Egalitarianism, he says, has led to people failing to act their age. "We have vice-chancellors with earrings, aristocrats as hippies the trendy vicar on his motorbike."
Dr.Athena Leoussi, sociology lecturer at Reading University, bemoans the deliberate neglect by people of their sartorial appearance.
Dress, she says, is the outward expression of attitudes and aspirations. The ubiquitousness of jeans "displays a utilitarian attitude" that has "led to the cultural impoverishment of everyday life".Dr. Leoussi says that while clothes used to be seen as a means of concealing taboo forces of sexuality and violence, certain fashions—such as leather jackets--have the opposite effect.
Dr.BruceCharlton, a lecturer in public health medicine in Newcastle upon Tyne, takes issue with the excessive informality of relations between professionals such as doctors and bank managers, and their clients. He says this has eroded the distance and respect necessary in such relationships. For TristarnEngelhardt, professor of medicine in Houston, Texas, says manners are bound to morals.
"Manners express a par

【单选题】She, on the other hand, when considering the situation, had a ______of danger and uttered a severe
A．forgery... culmination
B．covenant...fortitude
C．innuendo... castigation
D．premonition... admonition

【单选题】thE CruCiAl yEArs oF thEDEprEssion, As thEy ArE Brought into historiCAl FoCus, in CrEAsingly EmErgE As thE DECisivE DECADE ForAmEriCAn Art, iF not ForAmEriCAn CulturE in gEnErAl. For it wAs During this DECADE thAt mAny oF thE ConFliCts whiCh hAD BloCkED thE progrEss oFAmEriCAn Art in thE pAst CAmE to A hEAD AnD somEtimEs BoilED ovEr. jAnus-FACED, thE thirtiEs look BACkwArD, somEtimEs As FAr As thE rEnAissAnCE; AnD At thE sAmE timE ForwArD, As FAr As thE prEsEnt AnD BEyonD、it wAs thE momEnt whEn Artists, likE thomAs hArtBEnton, who wishED to turn BACk thE CloCk to rEgAin thE virtuEs oF simplEr timEs CAmE into DirECt ConFliCt with othErs, likE stuArtDAvis AnD FrAnk lloyD wright, who wErE rEADy to ComE to tErms with thE mAChinEAgE AnD to DEAl with its ConsEquEnCEs.
AmEriCA in thE thirtiEs wAs ChAnging rApiDly. in mAny ArEAs thE pAst wAs giving wAy to thE prEsEnt, Although not without A strugglE.
A、prEDominAntly rurAl AnD smAll town soCiEty wAs BEing rEplACED By thE giAnt ComplExEs oF thE Big CitiEs; powEr wAs BEComing inCrEAsingly CEntrAlizED in thE FEDErAl govErnmEnt AnD in lArgE CorporAtions.As A rEsult, trADitionAlAmEriCAn typEs suCh As thE inDEpEnDEnt FArmEr AnD thE smAll BusinEssmAn wErE BEing rEplACED By thE ExECutivE AnD thE BurEAuCrAt. mAnyAmEriCAns, DEEply AttAChED to thE olD wAy oF liFE, FElt DisinhErEitED、At thE sAmE timE, As immigrAtion DECrEAsED AnD thE populAtion BECAmE morE homogEnEous, thE nEED ArosE in Art AnD litErAturE to CommEmorAtE thE EthniC AnD rEgionAl DiFFErEnCEs thAt wErE FAst DisAppEAring. thus, pArADoxiCAlly, thE ConviCtion thAt Art, At lEAst, shoulD sErvE somE purposE or CArry somE mEssAgE oF morAl upliFt grEw strongEr As thE puritAn Ethos lost its ContEmporAry rEAlity. oFtEn this ElEvAting mEssAgE wAs A sErmon in FAvor oF just thosE trADitionAlAmEriCAn virtuEs whiCh wErE now thrEAtEnED with oBsolEsCEnCE in A ChAngED soCiAl AnD politiCAl ContExt.
in this nEw ContExt, thE AppEAl oF thE pAintings By thE rEgionAlists AnD thEAmEriCAn sCEnE pAintErs oFtEn lAy in thEir ABility to rECrEAtE An AtmosphErE thAt gloriFiED thE trADitionAlAmEriCAn vAluEs—sElF-rEliAnCE tEmpErED with gooD-nEighBorlinEss, inDEpEnDEnCE moDiFiED By A sEnsE oF Community, hArD work rEwArDED By A sEnsE oF orDEr AnD purposE. givEn thE ACtuAl tEmpEr oF thE timEs, thEsE thEmEs wErE strAngEly AnAChronistiC, just As thE rhEtoriC supporting politiCAl isolAtionism wAs EquAlly inAppropriAtE in An intErnAtionAl situAtion soon to involvEAmEriCA in A sEConD worlD wAr. suCh thEmEs gAinED populArity BECAusE thEy FillED A gEnuinE nEED For A ComFortABlE CollECtivE FAntAsy oF A goD-FEAring, whitE-piCkEt-FEnCEAmEriCA, whiCh in rEtrospECt took on thE nostAlgiC AppEAl oF A lost golDEnAgE.
in this light, An Autonomous Art-For-Art’s sAkE wAs viEwED As A ForEign invADEr liABlE to suBvErt thE nAtivEAmEriCAn DEsirE For A purposEFul Art.ABstrACt Art wAs AssignED thE rolE oF thE villAinous AliEn; rEAlism wAs to pErsoniFy thE gEnuinEAmEriCAn mEAns oF ExprEssion. thE ArgumEnt DrEw FAvor in mAny CAmps: Among thE Artists, BECAusE most wErE rEAlists; Among thE politiCAlly oriEntED intEllECtuAls, BECAusE ABstrACt Art wAs ApolitiCAl; AnD Among musEum oFFiCiAls, BECAusE thEy wErE surFEitED with mEDioCrE imitAtions oFEuropEAn moDErnism AnD wErE ConvinCED thAtAmEriCAn Art must DEvElop its own DistinCt iDEntity. to hElp Along this roAD to sElF-DEFinition, thE musEums wErE prEpArED to sEt up An ArtiFiCiAl DouBlE stAnDArD, onE ForAmEriCAn Art, AnD AnothEr ForEuropEAn Art. in 1934, rAlph Flint wrotE inArt nEws, "wE hAvE toDAy in our miDst A grEAtEr ArrAy oF whAt mAy BE CAllED sEConD, thirD, AnD Fourth-string Artists thAn Any othEr Country. our Big AnnuAls ArE mArvElous outpourings oF intElligEnCE AnD skill; thEy hAvE All thE DivErsity AnD AnimAtion oF A FinE-ring CirCus. \
thE sEConD pArAgrAph DEAls mAinly with ______ inAmEriC
A、
A、thE rApiD growth oF urBAn populAtion
B、thE impACt oF inDustr

【单选题】These two areas are similar ______they both have a high rainfall during this season.
A．to that
B．besides that
C．in that
D．except that

【单选题】It is the central government that has ______ the coastal economies preferential policies.
A．delivered
B．granted
C．submitted
D．given

【单选题】The whole program is well designed, but some details need further ______ by some experts.
A．proofing
B．modifying
C．demonstrating
D. polishing