考博考试

【单选题】

【单选题】On behalf of my company, I am ______ to you and your colleagues for your generous help.
A．subjected
B．inclined
C．available
D．obliged

【单选题】If Sustainable competitive advantage depends on work force skills,American firms have a problem. Human management is not traditionally seen as a central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. SkillAcquisition is considered as individual responsibility. Labor is simply another force of production to be hired/rented at the lowest possible cost, which is a must as one buys raw material or equipment.
The lack of importance attached to human resource management can be seen in the corporate pecking order. In anAmerican firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in commanD、The post of head of human resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up toChiefExecutive Officer.By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after theCEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.
WhileAmerican firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work force, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional or managerial employees.And the limited investments that made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.
As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. IfAmerican workers, for example take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at the speed with which new equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employeD、The result is a slower pace of technological change.And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.
Why is there a slow pace of technological change inAmerican firms
A、New equipment is more expensive inAmeric
A、
B、American firms don’t pay enough attention to on-the-job training of their workers.
C、 he decision making process inAmerican fa’ms makes them less responsive to technological changes.
D、The professional staff ofAmerican firms are less paid and so less creative.

【单选题】 The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at ______.
A．danger
B．stake
C．loss
D．threat

【单选题】 After walking for hours without finding the village, we began to have ______ about our map.
A．troubles
B．fears
C．limitations
D．misgivings

【单选题】 The environmental benefits of solar power are small because ______.
A．solar power plants can hardly avoid polluting their surroundings
B．most people prefer the relatively simple use of fossil fuel
C．the uses of solar energy still cannot go without fossil fuel
D．only several communities entirely consist of solar energy homes

【单选题】The tone of this passage is ______.
A．critical
B．factual
C．humorous
D．romantic

【单选题】Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public ______ his tragic death in 1786.
A．even before
B．ever since
C．until after
D．until before

【单选题】 He has pointed out the dangers ______ in this type of nuclear power station.
A．interior
B．inherent
C．inside
D．inner

【单选题】 I was______ in the middle of my call because I had no more pennies to put in the box.
A．broken in
B．cut off
C．hung up
D．cut down