| 考研每日一练（2015-10-27） |
| 第1题：我国的教育心理学最初是从西方引进的，第一本《教育心理学》教科书是1924年出版的，它的作者是（ ） A.廖世承 B.蔡元培 C.陈鹤琴 D.朱智贤 |
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| 第2题：Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The place is a lovely meadow surrounded by deep woods on a hilltop overlooking a beautiful lake in the Catskill Mountains 120 miles from New York. It is quarter past eight in the morning, and you are about to commute to your office in the city. Yet there is no paved highway nearer than fifteen miles, and it is fifty to a railroad station. 41) __________________________________________. The aircraft, looking oddly like a horizontal electric fan, drones toward you. When the pilot is directly overhead, all forward movement of the machine ceases and it descends vertically until the cabin door is within a foot of the ground. On the machine’s gray side is painted Helicopter Express to New York. The door opens and you step inside. Fifty minutes later the helicopter bus hovers over a midtown New York building, descends slowly to alight on a roof space some sixty yards square. You go into the building, take the elevator to the street below, and walk half a block to your office. Not quite an hour has elapsed since you drank your morning coffee in your home. 42) ______________________________________. In the air age of tomorrow, the manufacture, sale, and upkeep of the direct—lift machine will become a billion—dollar industry just as the automobile industry. There will be many startling changes in our way of life. 43) ________________________________________________. A cheap, swift helicopter bus service will ferry these people to and from their work. Suburbs will include ten thousand or more square miles. Real estate values will come within the reach of average incomes, and the people will literally return to the good earth. 44) _________________________________________________. But the short haul of less than 1000 miles is equally the task of the helicopter, which can do it with the greatest efficiency. Express and air mail will be carried from the airports to final destination by helicopter. There will be a direct—lift machine service to take airliner passengers from the airport to the city in a few minutes. There will be special delivery of perishable food to your door. The winter growth of fresh vegetables such as beans and tomatoes, celery and lettuce, in the warm South and the Far West has been hitherto restricted because of cost and time or transportation to market. The airline and helicopter freight service will speed such healthy foods to the ends of the nation. 45) __________________________________________________________.. [A] Most important is that hundreds of thousands of people can return to the health and beauty of the countryside. Millions of acres of hitherto inaccessible land will be developed with small homes for medium-or low-income groups. [B] And a new type of architecture-perhaps a house with a flat roof and a pleasantly designed helicopter hangar to one side of it, so that you have only to wheel the machine a few feet to take off. [C] Does this sound like a fantasy imagined by science fiction writers? If so, I can assure you, as a practical aeronautical engineer, that such a trip is neither fantastic nor impractical. I am convinced that a helicopter bus service is not only practicable but, in fact, inevitable. [D] Hence our eating habits will change perhaps more than we realize. Strawberries in January, as it were, available for all. The airline and helicopter freight service render all this possible. [E] Private and bus helicopters will make possible vacations at seashore or mountain for countless thousands. The helicopter will destroy space for millions of people. Nothing is more delightful than touring in a helicopter. To hover and fill one’s eyes with an enchanting vista is to bring joy to the soul. [F] Now you hear a low hum, and over the horizon appears a flying machine. You press the button of a box nearby and a radio signal flashes to the machine. [G] Long-distance transportation of passengers and freight over land and sea will definitely remain the job for the large airplane. |
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| 第3题：苏格拉底法又称为（ ） A.问答法 B.发现法 C.讲授法 D.雄辩术 |
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| 第4题：阅读下列材料，并根据所学历史知识回答问题 材料一：我们与希特勒或他们的匪帮永不会谈，永不斡旋，我们将在陆地上、海洋上、天空中与他们作战，直到把笼罩阴云于大地的一切敌人消灭为止……任何为反对纳粹主义而战斗的国家或人民，都将得到我们的支援。任何与希特勒为伍的人或国家都是我们的敌人。我们将尽一切力量帮助俄国和俄国人民。 过去25年里，没有人比我更加始终一致地反对共产主义。凡是我谈过的关于共产主义的话，我决不收回。 ——摘自邱吉尔对德国侵略苏联发表的声明（1941年6月） 材料二：我希望看到德军葬身于坟墓之中，而且希望看到俄国躺在手术台上。 ——摘自《邱吉尔的广播讲话》(1941年6月) 请回答： （1）材料一反映了邱吉尔的立场？ （2）材料一，邱吉尔为什么要“尽一切力量帮助俄国和俄国人民”？ （3）根据材料二的有关内容，说明英国首相邱吉尔希望看到什么样的战争结局？为什么 |
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| 第5题：人文主义教育与中世纪教育的根本区别是（ ） A.古典教育 B.人文主义 C.贵族性 D.世俗性 |
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| 第6题：下面不符合选择研究对象要求的一项是（ ） A．明确规定总体 B．取样的随机性 C．取样的代表性 D．样本容量要大 |
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| 第7题：德育过程是个体社会化与个性化协调发展的过程。 |
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| 第8题：在中国共产党的历史上，最早使用“统一战线”概念的是（） A.毛泽东 B.瞿秋白 C.蔡和森 D.邓中夏 |
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| 第9题：材料一：初，府兵之置，居无事时耕于野，其番上（轮值）者，宿卫京师而已。若四方有事，则命将以出，事解辄罢，兵散于府，将归于朝。故士（兵）不失业，而将帅无握兵之重，所以防微杜渐。绝祸乱之萌也。 ——《新唐书》卷五十 材料二：初置府兵皆于六户中等以上，家有三丁者，选材力（勇武有力）一人，免其身租庸调。 ——《玉海》卷一三八 材料三：（贞观十年）置府六百三十四，而关内二百六十一……每人兵甲粮装各有数，皆自备，输入库，有征行则给之。 ——《资治通签》卷二一二 材料四：初，诸卫府兵，自成丁（成年）从军，六十而免，其家又不免杂徭，浸以贫弱，逃亡略尽，百姓苦之。（开元十年）张说建议，请招壮士充宿卫，不问色役（免除各种徭役），优为之制；逋逃者争出应募。上从之。旬日，得精兵十三万，分隶诸卫，更番上下。兵农之分，从此始矣。 ——《资治通签》卷二一二 材料五：及府兵法坏而方镇盛，武夫悍将虽无事时，据要险，专方面，既有其土地，又有其人民，又有其甲兵，又有其财赋，以布列天下。然则方镇不得不强，京师不得不弱，故曰措置之势使然者，以此也。 ——《新唐书》卷五十 请回答 （1）根据材料一、二、三，概括此兵制的特点，并指出其对唐朝前期中央集权制度的影响。 （2）根据材料一、二、三、四，分析此兵制与当时所行土地制度之间的关系。 （3）根据材料四、五，指出此兵制在唐玄宗时期发生了什么变化？并分析这种变化对唐中后期政局的影响。 |
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| 第10题：对于中西文化关系的问题，（ ）提出“中学为体，西学为用”的思想。 A.洋务派 B.维新派 C.革命派 D.改良派 |
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