| 考研考研英语易错题（2015-11-18） |
| 第1题：Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The place is a lovely meadow surrounded by deep woods on a hilltop overlooking a beautiful lake in the Catskill Mountains 120 miles from New York. It is quarter past eight in the morning, and you are about to commute to your office in the city. Yet there is no paved highway nearer than fifteen miles, and it is fifty to a railroad station. 41) __________________________________________. The aircraft, looking oddly like a horizontal electric fan, drones toward you. When the pilot is directly overhead, all forward movement of the machine ceases and it descends vertically until the cabin door is within a foot of the ground. On the machine’s gray side is painted Helicopter Express to New York. The door opens and you step inside. Fifty minutes later the helicopter bus hovers over a midtown New York building, descends slowly to alight on a roof space some sixty yards square. You go into the building, take the elevator to the street below, and walk half a block to your office. Not quite an hour has elapsed since you drank your morning coffee in your home. 42) ______________________________________. In the air age of tomorrow, the manufacture, sale, and upkeep of the direct—lift machine will become a billion—dollar industry just as the automobile industry. There will be many startling changes in our way of life. 43) ________________________________________________. A cheap, swift helicopter bus service will ferry these people to and from their work. Suburbs will include ten thousand or more square miles. Real estate values will come within the reach of average incomes, and the people will literally return to the good earth. 44) _________________________________________________. But the short haul of less than 1000 miles is equally the task of the helicopter, which can do it with the greatest efficiency. Express and air mail will be carried from the airports to final destination by helicopter. There will be a direct—lift machine service to take airliner passengers from the airport to the city in a few minutes. There will be special delivery of perishable food to your door. The winter growth of fresh vegetables such as beans and tomatoes, celery and lettuce, in the warm South and the Far West has been hitherto restricted because of cost and time or transportation to market. The airline and helicopter freight service will speed such healthy foods to the ends of the nation. 45) __________________________________________________________.. [A] Most important is that hundreds of thousands of people can return to the health and beauty of the countryside. Millions of acres of hitherto inaccessible land will be developed with small homes for medium-or low-income groups. [B] And a new type of architecture-perhaps a house with a flat roof and a pleasantly designed helicopter hangar to one side of it, so that you have only to wheel the machine a few feet to take off. [C] Does this sound like a fantasy imagined by science fiction writers? If so, I can assure you, as a practical aeronautical engineer, that such a trip is neither fantastic nor impractical. I am convinced that a helicopter bus service is not only practicable but, in fact, inevitable. [D] Hence our eating habits will change perhaps more than we realize. Strawberries in January, as it were, available for all. The airline and helicopter freight service render all this possible. [E] Private and bus helicopters will make possible vacations at seashore or mountain for countless thousands. The helicopter will destroy space for millions of people. Nothing is more delightful than touring in a helicopter. To hover and fill one’s eyes with an enchanting vista is to bring joy to the soul. [F] Now you hear a low hum, and over the horizon appears a flying machine. You press the button of a box nearby and a radio signal flashes to the machine. [G] Long-distance transportation of passengers and freight over land and sea will definitely remain the job for the large airplane. |
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| 第2题：More and more, it seems, the same tech tools we depend on to get through the day are often the source of our frustrations. Gadgets have gotten better: They do more, are smaller, and cost less. But they don’t work quite the way we want them too, do they? Text-messaging and camera phone features that obscure access to your voice mail. Camcorder batteries that die in the middle of your sister’s wedding. The sick PC that sends copies of its virus to everyone in your E-mail address book. But there is reason for renewed hope. More companies are discovering that one key to reining in unruly tech is simplicity itself; that is, less is actually more. A few years ago, it seemed only a sprinkling of companies offered products that in their design emphasized ease of use and dependability over frilly, rarely used features. Now analysts report that whole industries—among them cellphones, consumer electronics, and, yes, even computers—seem to be shifting back to basics, with a few companies taking the lead. The downside to this switch for now is that simplicity and reliability oddly enough tend to cost extra. An Apple Macintosh, widely considered user-friendly, costs at least several hundred dollars more than a Windows-based PC. Verizon Wireless, rated by many the most reliable cellphone service, generally costs more than Sprint, Cingular, or T-Mobile. But that effective surcharge could fade if brand loyalty surges for companies that prioritize efficient, friendly design. So how did we go from the days of small, color TVs and bricklike mobile phones to high definition home theaters and smart phones that are too clever by half? The blame for the personal tech mess goes both ways. Companies are eager to crank out new products with new features. It’s a quick way to get attention, distancing a product from competitors and dusting upstarts in a cutthroat arena. Shoppers, meanwhile, are routinely seduced by the new bells and whistles. Consumer electronics tend to be among the more expensive purchases people make during the year, so why not get the gizmo that does more? “We’re all trapped in an economic myth that more is better,” says John Maeda, a media arts and sciences professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Haddon Fisher’s Motorola phone locks up a couple of times a day, says the Syracuse University sophomore. He has also had to put up with a PC that would spontaneously reboot while he slept or attended class. “You learn to live with a certain level of pain,” he says. Such vexations, repeated across the country, have eroded confidence in tech manufacturers. A recent survey conducted for Royal Philips Electronics found that two thirds of American consumers have lost interest in a tech product because it looks too complex—and half think the manufacturers are just guessing at what will sell, rather than listening to their customers. 26.In paragraph 1, the author cites the examples in order to demonstrate that__________ [A] gadgets do not function as we would like. [B] gadgets work, but we do not use them properly. [C] gadgets are smaller and cost less. [D] people need clear instructions on how to use new gadgets. 27. Why might less mean more as far as modern gadgets are concerned? [A] Gadgets cost less and do more things. [B] Simple gadgets cost more than complex ones. [C] Gadgets with fewer features are less likely to let you down. [D] Most people prefer simple gadgets. 28. “Dusting upstarts in a cutthroat arena” in paragraph 3 means________________ [A] matching your competitors in the marketplace. [B] introducing new features in gadgets that are on the market. [C] defeating competitors in a competitive market. [D] competing effectively with companies that introduce new, unnecessary features. 29. Why do people buy products that do more, even if they are less efficient or less user friendly? [A] Because people usually purchase brand-name products, regardless of actual quality. [B] Because we live in a consumer society. [C] Because we think we are getting a better deal. [D] Because people are unaware of what exactly they are purchasing. 30. American consumers losing interest in tech products because__________________ [A] the products are too difficult to use. [B] the companies don’t listen to consumer complaints. [C] US-made electronics are unreliable. [D] consumers are losing faith in products that don’t do what they want them to do. |
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| 第3题：Americans have always been excessive worshippers of what William James called “the bitch goddess success”. Self-help gurus have topped the bestseller lists since Benjamin Franklin published his autobiography. Americans are much more likely than Europeans to believe that people can get ahead in life so long as they are willing to work hard. And they are much more likely to choose a high-paying job that carries a risk of redundancy than a lower-paid job that guarantees security. But you can’t have winners without losers (or how would you know how well you are doing?). And you can’t broaden opportunity without also broadening the opportunity to fail. For instance, until relatively recently, blacks could not blame themselves for their failure in the “race of life”, in Abraham Lincoln’s phrase, because they were debarred from so many parts of it. Now the barriers are lifted, the picture is more complicated. All of which creates a huge problem: how exactly should a hyper-competitive society deal with its losers? It’s all very well to note that drunkards and slackers get what they deserve. But what about the honest toilers? One way to deal with the problem is to offer people as many second chances as possible. In his intriguing new book “Born Losers: A History of Failure in America”, Scott Sandage argues that the mid-nineteenth century saw a redefinition of failure—from something that had described a lousy business to something that defined a whole life. Yet one of the striking things about America is how valiantly it has resisted the idea that there is any such thing as a born loser. American schools resist streaming their pupils much longer than their European counterparts: the whole point is to fit in rather than stand out. American higher education has numerous points of entry and reentry. And the American legal system has some of the most generous bankruptcy rules in the world. In Europe, a bankrupt is often still a ruined man; in America, he is a risk-taking entrepreneur. American history—not to mention American folklore—is replete with examples of people who tried and tried again until they made a success of their lives. Lincoln was a bankrupt storekeeper. Henry Ford was a serial failure. At 40, Thomas Watson, the architect of IBM, faced prison. America’s past is also full of people who came back from the brink. A second way to deal with losers is to celebrate them. Perhaps in reaction to the relentless boosterism of business life, American popular culture often sympathises with losers. But even in the loser-loving bits of popular culture, the American obsession with success has a habit of winning through. More often than not, born losers turn out to be winners in disguise. 31. According to paragraph 1, why are Americans “much more likely to choose a high-paying job that carries a risk of redundancy than a lower-paid job that guarantees security”? [A] Because they don’t mind taking risks. [B] Because Americans believe in the idea of “no pain, no gain”. [C] Because Americans rely a lot on self瞙elp books written by famous people. [D] Because a having high瞤aying job is how many Americans view success. 32. Paragraph 2 suggests that ________________ [A] America was once a racist country. [B] black Americans now have equal rights. [C] if you give someone the chance to succeed, you also give them the chance to fail. [D] you can know how successful you are by seeing how many people are failing. 33. The “honest toilers” mentioned in paragraph 3 refer to__________________ [A] lazy people and alcoholics. [B] trustworthy workers. [C] people who fail even though they try hard. [D] born losers—people who need lots of second chances in order to succeed. 34. We can learn from paragraph 4____________ [A] that the United States is better than Europe. [B] that American society is designed to give people many opportunities. [C] that the American system is better for children and businessmen. [D] that Scott Sandage’s book is largely irrelevant to modern American society. 35. According to paragraph 5, which of these is NOT an example of why Americans might like losers? [A] They often succeed in the end. [B] Losers often have legal problems. [C] There is sometimes a dislike of people who enthusiastically promote business. [D] Some very famous Americans were once losers. |
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| 第4题：Responsibilities. We all have them; most of us have more than we’d like. That doesn’t change the reality that, sooner or later, we all have to 1____ up to them. But perhaps it does explain our __2___ to add to the ever-growing list. There’s already so much to do in a day, why tack on an 3_____ burden? Unfortunately, it’s this kind of defeatist mentality 4 __keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper 5 and exercise. Here is the salient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you’ll derive from 6_____ the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make 7______ the way. I can’t count how many times I’ve heard the same 8 . Each time, I always give the same response: Yes, I say, working out is work. So is taking the 9 to eat right. 10 yourself on the couch or having drinks with friends after work is a lot easier than exercising, and hitting the McDonald’s drive thru takes a lot less time than cooking a 11 at home. But channel surfing, margaritas and a Quarter Pounder. With Cheese aren’t going to produce some of the things worth having—a low cholesterol level or the 12____ to go shirtless on the beach. Those benefits demand a ___13____ effort. I’m not saying you should eschew the ___14__ night on the town or gourmet meal at a five-star restaurant. Both have their ___15____ and are components of a well-rounded life. I’ve enjoyed my ___16____ of revelry and fine ___17___ and look forward to those special opportunities to experience more of the good life. But I’ve managed to find a balance between those ___18 pleasures and a permanent ___19____ to a regular workout and a healthy diet. Because, __20____, it is the latter that will have a lasting improvement on the overall quality of my life. 1. [A] come [B] catch [C] confront [D] face 2. [A] resistance [B] reluctance [C] persistence [D] existence 3. [A] exact [B] external [C] extra [D] extensive 4. [A] that [B] which [C] what [D] who 5. [A] food [B] nutrition [C] diet [D] recreation 6. [A] setting in [B] putting in [C] getting in [D] cutting in 7. [A] along [B] by [C] on [D] in 8. [A] reasons [B] questions [C] doubts [D] excuses 9. [A] chance [B] effort [C] time [D] interest 10. [A] Throwing [B] Planting [C] Sitting [D] Placing 11. [A] dish [B] dinner [C] meal [D] hamburger 12. [A] pride [B] confidence [C] enthusiasm [D] inspiration 13. [A] long time [B] long range [C] long term [D] long distance 14. [A] additional [B] emotional [C] occasional [D] sensational 15. [A] place [B] position [C] location [D] attraction 16. [A] share [B] part [C] portion [D] section 17. [A] meal [B] diet [C] dining [D] eating 18. [A] short dated [B] short lived [C] short legged [D] short tempered 19. [A] coherence [B] experience [C] adherence [D]remembrance 20. [A] in a word [B] in the end [C] in the future [D] in a nutshell |
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| 第5、6、7、8、9题： JOSEPH RYKWERT entered his field when post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire for its alienating embodiment of outmoded social ideals. Think of the UN building in New York, the city of Brasilia, the UNESCO building in Paris, the blocks of housing "projects" throughout the world. These tall, uniform boxes are set back from the street, isolated by windswept plazas. They look inward to their own functions, presenting no "face" to the inhabitants of the city, no "place" for social interaction. For Mr. Rykwert, who rejects the functionalist spirit of the Athens Charter of 1933, a manifesto for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the city. Architectural form should not rigidly follow function, but ought to reflect the needs of the social body it represents. Like other forms of representation, architecture is the embodiment of the decisions that go into its making, not the result of impersonal forces, market or historical. Therefore, says Mr. Rykwert, adapting Joseph de Maistre's dictum that a nation has the government it deserves, our cities have the faces they deserve, In this book, Mr. Rykwert, a noted urban historian of anthropological bent, offers a flaneur's approach to the city's exterior surface rather than an urban history from the conceptual inside out. He does not drive, so his interaction with the city affords him a warts-and-all view with a sensual grasp of what it is to be a "place". His story of urbanization begins, not surprisingly, with the industrial revolution when populations shifted and increased, exacerbating problems of housing and crime. In the 19th century many planning programs and utopias (Ebenezer Howard's garden city and Charles Fourier's “phalansteries" among them) were proposed as remedies. These have left their mark on 20th-century cities, as did Baron Hausmann's boulevards in Paris, Eugene Viollet-le-Duc's and Owen Jones's arguments for historical style, and Adolf Loos's fateful turn-of-the-century call to abolish ornament which, in turn, inspired Le Corbusier's austere modem functionalism. The reader will recognize all these ideas in the surfaces of the cities that hosted them: New York, Paris, London, and Vienna. Cities changed again after the Second World War as populations grew, technology raced and prosperity spread. Like it or not, today's cities are the muddled product, among other things, of speed, greed, outmoded social agendas and ill-suited postmodern aesthetics. Some bemoan the old city's death; others welcome its replacement by the electronically driven "global village". Mr. Rykwert has his worries, to be sure, but he does not see ruin or anomie everywhere. He defends the city as a human and social necessity. In Chandigarh, Canberra and New York he sees overall success; in New Delhi, Paris and Shanghai, large areas of failing. For Mr. Rykwert, a man on foot in the age of speeding virtual, good architecture may still show us a face where flaneurs can read the story of their urban setting in familiar metaphors. 26. An argument made by supporters of functionism is that A. post-war modernist architecture was coming under fire B. UN building in New York blocks the housing projects C. windswept plazas present “face” to the inhabitants of the city D. functionism reflects the needs of the social body 27. According to Mr Rykwert, “dictum” can serve as A. book B. market C. form D. words 28.The word “exacerbating”(line 3, para 4) means A.deteriorating B.inspiring C. encouraging D. surprising 29.According to Mr Rykwert, he A. sees damage here and there B. is absolutely a functionist C. is completely disappointed with the city’s death D. is objectively commenting the city ? 30. The author associates the issue of functionism with post-war modernist architecture because A. they are both Mr Rykwert’s arguments B. it is a comparison to show the importance of post-war modernist architecture C. functionism and post-war modernism architecture are totally contradictory D. Mr Rykwert supports functionism |
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| 第10、11、12、13、14题： FEW people, except conspiracy theorists, would have expected so public a spat as the one this week between the two ringmasters of Formula One (F1) motor racing. Bernie Ecclestone, a fabulously wealthy British motor sport entrepreneur, is at odds, it would seem, with his longstanding associate, Max Mosley, president of F1's governing body, the Federation International de l'Automobile (FIA). Ostensibly, the dispute has broken out over what looked like a done deal. Last June, the FIA voted unanimously to extend Mr. Ecclestone's exclusive rights to stage and broadcast F1 racing, which expire in 2010, by 100 years. For these lucrative rights, Mr. Ecclestone was to pay the FIA a mere $360m in total, and only $60m immediately. The FIA claims that Mr. Ecclestone has not made the payment of $60m, a claim denied by Mr. Ecclestone, who insists the money has been placed in an escrow account. Mr. Mosley has asked Mr. Ecclestone to pay up or risk losing the deal for the F1 rights after 2010, perhaps to a consortium of car makers that own F1 teams. For his part, Mr. Ecclestone has, rather theatrically, accused Mr. Mosley of "trying to do some extortion". What is going on? Only three things can be stated with confidence. First, the idea that Mr. Ecclestone cannot find the $60m is ludicrous: his family trust is not exactly short of cash, having raised around $2 billion in the past two years. Second, it would not be in Mr. Ecclestone's long-term financial interest to forgo a deal which could only enhance the value of his family's remaining 50% stake in SLEC, the holding company for the group of companies that runs the commercial side of F1. Third, the timing of the dispute is very interesting. Why? Because the other 50% stake in SLEC, owned by EM. TV, a debt- ridden German media company, is up for sale. EM. TV badly needs to sell this stake in the near future to keep its bankers at bay. The uncertainty created by the dispute between Mr. Ecclestone and Mr. Mosley might depress the value of EM. TV's holding. Could that work to Mr. Ecclestone's advantage? Quite possibly. The lower the value of EM. TV's stake, the higher the relative value of an option Mr. Ecclestone holds to sell a further 25% of SLEC to EM. TV for around $1 billion--and the better the deal Mr. Ecclestone might be able to extract for surrendering the option. Whoever buys EM. TV's stake in SLEC will have to negotiate with Mr. Ecclestone over this instrument. The Economist understands that Mr. Ecclestone has the right to veto a plan proposed last December by Kirch, a privately owned German media group, to buy half of EM. TV's holding for $550m. In the coming weeks, Mr. Ecclestone will doubtless be deploying his formidable negotiating skills to best advantage. It would be rash to bet against his securing a good deal out of EM. TV's difficulties. His dispute with the FIA may then be easily resolved. As usual, he holds all the cards. 36. FIA would give its partner the right to stage the racing till A.Mr. Ecclestone gave all the money. B.The contract time is reached. C.The 100th year after 2010. D.Mr. Ecclestone gave it 60m$. 37. The word “extortion”(last line, para 2 ) means A.abjection B.negotiation C.cheating D.racketeering 38. Which statement is probably true? A.Mr. Ecclestone just wanted to get more benefits through the EM.TV sale. B.Mr. Ecclestone wanted to give up the benefits from the contract. C.The timing of the dispute is very improper. D.Mr. Ecclestone cannot afford the money. 39. The last sentence of the passage implies A.Mr. Ecclestone can win at cards. B.Mr. Ecclestone will achieve great success in the negotiation. C.Mr. Ecclestone cheated all his partners. D.Mr. Eccestone will lose the whole contract with FIA. 40. According to the last paragraph, “he holds all the cards” as A. he deploys to best advantage B. he wins all the cards C. he never fails himself D. he takes the cards in hand |
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| 第15题：Part A 51. Directions: You have stayed with your friend Cathy for a whole week. Now you are going home. Write a message to her to 1) express your gratitude 2) show your appreciation of the good days you’ve had together 3) say goodbye You should write about 100 words on Answer Sheet 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Susan” instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points ) Part B 52. Directions: Assuming that a manager is going to interview some job applicants and one of his friends gives him a piece of advice that the first impression is not a reliable basis for judgment. This manager wants to hear more from others and decides to have a wall newspaper put up for more views on that topic. 1. You are going to write an article to offer your opinion about it. 2.You should write about 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.( 20 points ) |
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| 第16题：The current French bestseller lists are wonderfully eclectique. In 1 , there is everything 2 blockbuster thrillers to Catherine Millet's "La vie sexuelle de Catherine M.", a novel which has been 3 praised as high art and 4 as upmarket porn. Then there are novels 5 the sticky questions of good and 6 ("Le demon et mademoiselle Prym") and faith versus science in the modern world ("L'apparition"). Philosophical 7 continue in the non-fiction list, 8 this week by Michel Onfray's "Antimanuel de philosophie", a witty take 9 some of philosophy's perennial debates. Those who like their big issues in small chunks are also enjoying Frederic Beigbeder's "Dernier inventaire avant liquidation", a survey of France's 10 20th-century books, 11 with Mr Beigbeder's 12 humour from the title on ("The 50 books of the century chosen by you and critiqued by me"). In Britain, meanwhile, there is olive oil all over the non- fiction list. It's a staple 13 for Nigella Lawson, a domestic divinity and celebrity 14 , whose latest 15 of recipes tops the list. Annie Hawes, in second 16 , took herself 17 to the sun- drenched hills of Italy to grow her own olives and write a book about them-as did Carol Drinkwater, just 18 the border in France. Fiction-wise, it's business as 19 , with the requisite holiday mix of thrillers, romance, fantasy-and Harry Potter, with "The Goblet of Fire" still burning 20 at number three. 1. A. literature B. narrative C. story D. fiction 2. A. on B. from C. about D. of 3. A. both B. equally C. rather D. together 4. A. approved B. admired C. derided D. scolded 5. A .attempting B, dealing C. tackling D. talking 6. A. .evil B. sin C. wickedness D. bad 7. A. topics B. ideas C. arguments D. themes 8.A. topped B. covered C. overdone D. surpassed 9. A. of B. by C. at D. on 10. A good B. favourite C. favorable D. satisfying 11. A. dealt B. handled C. touched D. managed 12.A. brand B. trademark C. marked D. obvious 13. A. ingredient B. constitution C. part D. factor 14.A. writer B. novelist C. chef D. journalist 15.A. set B. anthology C. collection D. album 16. A. rank B. place C. point D. status 17.A. up B. on C. off D. in 18. A. above B. around C. about D. across 19. A. usual B. usually C. common D. commonly 20. A. bright B. intense C. dazzling D. brilliant |
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| 第17、18、19、20、21题： "MAKING money is a dirty game," says the Institute of Economic Affairs, summing up the attitude of British novelists towards business. The IEA, a free market think-tank, has just published a collection of essays ("The Representation of Business in English Literature") by five academics chronicling the hostility of the country's men and women of letters to the sordid business of making money. The implication is that Britain's economic performance is retarded by an anti-industrial culture. Rather than blaming recalcitrant workers and incompetent managers for Britain's economic worries, then, we can put George Orwell and Martin Amis in the dock instead. From Dickens's Scrooge to Amis’s John Self in his 1980s novel "Money", novelists have conjured up a rogue's gallery of mean, greedy, amoral money-men that has alienated their impressionable readers from the noble pursuit of capitalism. The argument has been well made before, most famously in 1981 by Martin Wiener, an American academic, in his "English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit". Lady Thatcher was a devotee of Mr. Wiener's, and she led a crusade to revive the "entrepreneurial culture" which the liberal elite had allegedly trampled underfoot. The present Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, sounds as though he agrees with her. At a recent speech to the Confederation of British Industry, he declared that it should be the duty of every teacher in the country to "communicate the virtues of business and enterprise". Certainly, most novelists are hostile to capitalism, but this refrain risks scapegoating writers for failings for which they are not to blame. Britain's culture is no more anti-business than that of other countries. The Romantic Movement, which started as a reaction against the industrial revolution of the century, was born and flourished in Germany, but has not stopped the Germans from being Europe's most successful entrepreneurs and industrialists. Even the Americans are guilty of blackening business's name. SMERSH and SPECTRE went out with the cold war. James Bond now takes on international media magnates rather than Rosa Kleb. His films such as "Erin Brockovich" have pitched downtrodden, moral heroes against the evil of faceless corporatism. Yet none of this seems to have dented America's lust for free enterprise. The irony is that the novel flourished as an art form only after, and as a result of, the creation of the new commercial classes of Victorian England, just as the modern Hollywood film can exist only in an era of mass consumerism. Perhaps the moral is that capitalist societies consume literature and film to let off steam rather than to change the world. 21. In the first paragraph, the author introduces his topic by A. posing a contract B. justifying an assumption C. making a comparison D. explaining a phenomenon 22. The word “sordid”(line 6, para 1)implies A. holy B. dirty C. sainty D. pure 23. George Orwell and Martin Amis are defendants because A. no accusation of the inefficient management B. the decline of the country’s economy C. the novelists are in favor of them D. novelists depict them as merciful people 24. American academic Martin Wiener’s argument A. sides with the liberal elite B. is neutral about the virtue of business and enterprise C. inclines towards the revival of the entrepreneurial culture D. is hostile to the industrial spirit 25. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. the novel existed after the creation of the new commercial classes B. capital doesn’t pollute social morality C. capitalist societies change the world D. the modern holy world has nothing to do with consumers |
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| 第22题：What’s your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you 21 thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom 22 events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three of four 23 retain any specific, personal experiences. A variety of explanations have been 24 by psychologists for this “Childhood amnesia” (儿童失忆症). One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature 25 about the age of two. But the most popular theory 26 that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot 27 childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories or 28 –one event follows 29 as in a novel or film. But when they search through their mental 30 for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don’t find any that fits the 31 . It’s like trying to find a Chinese word in an English Dictionary. Now psychologist Annette Simmons of the New York State University offers a new 32 for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply 33 any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use 34 spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short–term, quickly 35 impressions of them into long-term memories. In other 36 , children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about 37 ——Mother talking about the afternoon 38 looking for seashells at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this 39 reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form 40 memories of their personal experiences. 1. A. listened B. felt C. touched D. heard 2. A. involve B. interpret C. recall D. resolve 3. A. largely B. rarely C. merely D. really 4. A. canceled B. figured C. proposed D. witnessed 5. A. until B. once C. after D. since 6. A. magnifies B. intervenes C. contains D. maintains 7. A. reflect B. attain C. access D. refer 8. A. narratives B. forecasts C. regulations D. descriptions 9. A. the rest B. another C. the other D. others 10. A. outputs B. dreams C. flashes D. files 11. A. footstep B. pattern C. frame D. landscape 12. A. emphasis B. arrangement C. explanation D. factor 13. A. aren’t B. weren’t C. isn’t D. wasn’t 14. A. anyone else B. anyone else’s C. some else D. someone else’s 15. A. forgotten B. remembered C. forgetting D. remembering 16. A. senses B. cases C. words D. means 17. A. him B. theirs C. it D. them 18. A. used B. chosen C. taken D. spent 19. A. habitual B. verbal C. pretty D. mutual 20. A. permanent B. conscious C. subordinate D. spiritual Section II Reading Comprehension |
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