考研习题练习
| 考研每日一练（2019/1/17） |
| 第1题：下列关于通气/血流值的描述，正确的是
A．为肺通气量和心排血量的比值 B．比值增大降低肺换气效率，比值减小降低肺换气效率 C．人体直立时肺尖比值较大 D．比值增大犹如发生了动-静脉短路 E．比值减小意味着肺泡无效腔增大 |
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| 第2题：All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and all developmental changes result from two basic, though complex, processes: learning and maturation. Since the two processes almost always interact, it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’’s development.Clearly, growth in height is not learned but depends on maturation, a biological process.But improvements in motor activities such as walking, depend on maturation and learning, and the interaction between them. What, then, are maturation and learningDevelopmental psychologists are not entirely in agreement, though there is a common core of accepted meaning. Thus all definitions of maturation stress organic processes or structural changes occurring within an individual’’s body that are relatively independent of external environmental conditions, experiences, or practice.By maturation it is meant development of the organism as a function of time, or age. Learning has also been defined in diverse ways, but the term generally refers to changes in behavior or performance as a consequence of experience. Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through training procedures as distinguished from changes not attributable to training. A、number of important and stimulating theories of learning have been proposed, each with its own set of principles and hypotheses for explaining the learning process. For our purposes, we do not need to be concerned with the specific details of the learning process, even though learning plays the most important role in most aspects of development and change. We shall employ only a few generally accepted principles of learning in this discussion. Specifically, we accept the principle that a child will learn a response more effectively and more thoroughly if he is motivated to learn it. Moreover, he will learn a response better if he is rewarded for learning it.According to this view, the more a response is rewarded, the stronger it becomes and the more likely it is to be repeate D、Although most learning involves motivation and reward, I believe some learning does occur without them. As for the interrelationships between maturation and learning process, a general principle may be provided: maturation is essential to learning. The subject discussed in the text mainly belongs to the realm of A、psychological biology. B、developmental psychology. C．biological psychology. D、evolutional physiology. |
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第3题： |
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| 第4题：药物与受体结合的特性包括
A．非特异性 B．敏感性 C．饱和性 D．有亲和力 E．有内在活性 |
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| 第5题：以下商品，商标的使用符合商标注册的实体条件的是( )。
A．“少林寺牌”火腿肠 B．“红新月牌”餐巾纸 C．“酒精牌”饮料 D．“狗不理”包子 |
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| 第6题： 导致“心无所倚，神无所归，虑无所定”的情志因素是 A．喜 B．怒 C．思 D．惊 E．悲 |
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| 第7题： A．specifically B．specially C．particularly D．equally |
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| 第8题：Some time between digestingChristmas dinner and putting your head back down to work, spare a thought or two for the cranberry. It is, of course, a (1) ofChristmas: merry bright red, bittersweetly delicious with turkey and the very devil to get out of the tablecloth (2) spilleD、But the cranberry is also a symbol of the modern food industry-and in the tale of its (3) from colonial curiosity to business-school case study (4) a deeper understanding of the opportunities and (5) of modern eating. The fastest growing part of today’s cranberry market is for cranberries that do not taste like cranberries. Ocean Spray’s "flavoured fruit pieces" (FFPS, to the trade) taste like orange, cherry, raspberry or any (6) of other fruits. They are in fact cranberries. Why make a cranberry taste like an orange Mostly because it is a (7) little fruit: FFPS have a shelf-life of two years.Better (8) , they keep a chewy texture (9) baked, unlike the fruits whose flavours they mimic, which turn to (10) . The dynamic that has brought the cranberry to this point is (11) to the dynamic behind most mass-produced goods. Growing (12) provided the (13) to create cheaper and more reliable supply.Cheaper and more reliable supply, (14) , created incentives to find new markets, which increased demanD、Thus was the (15) kept churning. The cranberry is one of only three fruits native (16) NorthAmerica, growing wild from Maine to NorthCarolinA、(The others are theConcord grape and the blueberry). TheAmerican Indians had several names for cranberries, many (17) the words for "bitter" or, more (18) , "noisy". They ate the berries mostly (19) pemmican, but also used them for dye and medicine.And they introduced them to the white settlers--at the first Thanksgiving dinner in 1621, it is saiD、The settlers promptly renamed this delicacy the "crane berry", (20) the pointy pink blossoms of tile cranberry look a bit like the head of the Sandhill crane. A．similar B．feasible C．inferior D．incredible |
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| 第9题：民主革命时期，具有建立革命统一战线的现实可能性是因为() A．敌人的强大 B．半殖民地半封建的中国社会，是近代世界矛盾的焦点 C．中国社会最主要的矛盾是帝国主义同中华民族的矛盾 D．农民人数多 |
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| 第10题： 非竞争性抑制剂存在时，酶促反应的动力学特点是
A．Km值不变，Vmax降低 B．Km值不变，Vmax增加 C．Km值增高，Vmax不变 D．Km值降低，Vmax不变 |
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