考研易错题（2019/1/19）

第1题：

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题： The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that ______. A．the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmers B．the use of internal-combustion engine as a chief power source for the farm produced great influence C．the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work D．ingenious improvements were made in fanning machines in the 1860s to yield production

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：When a country is under-populated, newcomers are not competitors, but assistants. If more come they may produce not only new quotas, but a (1) as well. In such a state of things land is (2) and cheap. The possession of it (3) no power or privilege. No one will work for another for wages (4) he can take up new land and be his own master. Hence it will pay no one to own more land than he can (5) by his own labor, or with such aid as his own family (6) . Hence, again, land (7) little or no rent; there will be no landlords living on rent and no laborers living on (8) , but only a middle class of yeoman farmers(自耕农).All are (9) on an equality, and democracy becomes the political form, because this is the only state of society in which equality, on which democracy is (10) , is realized as a fact. The same effects are powerfully (11) by other facts. In a new and under-populated country the industries which are most profitable are the extractive industries. The (12) of these, with the exception of some kinds of mining, is that they call (13) only a low organization of labor and small amount of capital. Hence they allow the workman to become (14) his own master, and they educate him to freedom, independence, and self (15) .At the same time, the social groups being only (16) marked off from each other, it is easy to (17) from one class of occupations, and consequently from one social grade, to another. Finally, under the same circumstances, education, skill, and superior training have but inferior value compared with what they have in (18) populated countries. The (19) lie in an under-populated country, with the (20) , unskilled, manual occupations, and not with the highest developments of science, literature, and art. A．infers B．defers C．confers D．refers

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：根据《劳动法》的规定，日劳动时间一般是8小时工作制，每日工休时间不少于 ( )，每周工作日5天，每年享受法定的节假日，如果有加班，还要有不同数量的补贴或倒休制度。 A．1个半小时 B．1小时 C．半小时 D．45分钟

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：结合材料，回答问题： 材料1 张之洞说：“民权之说，无一益而有百害。…‘无益者一：将立议院欤 中国士民至今安于固陋者尚多，环球之大势不知，国家之经制不晓，外国兴学、立政、练兵、制器之要不闻……且外国筹款等事重在下议院，立法等事重在上议院，故必家有中资者乃得举议员。今华商素鲜巨资，华民又无远志，议及大举筹饷，必皆推委默息，议与不议等耳。” 材料2 谭嗣同说：“生民之初，本无所谓君臣，则皆民也。民不能相治，亦不暇治，于是共举一民为君。”“夫日共举之，则因有民而后有君；君末也，民本也。” 材料3 严复说：“国者，斯民之公产也。王侯将相者，通国之公仆隶也。” 请回答： 张之洞为何认为民权无益

【分析题】：