考研每日一练（2019/3/13）

第1题：Deflation is an economic theory relating changes in the price levels to changes in the quantity of money. In its developed (1) , it constitutes an analysis of the (2) underlying inflation and deflation.As (3) by theEnglish philosopher John Locke in the 17th century, the Scottish (4) David Hume in the 18th century, and (5) , it was a weapon (6) the mercantilists, who were thought to equate wealth with money. If the (7) of money by a nation merely raised (8) , argued the quantity theorists, then a "favourable" balance of trade, (9) desired by mercantilists, would increase the supply of money but would not in-crease (10) . In the 19th century the quantity theory (11) to the ascendancy of free trade over protectionism. In the 19th and 20th centuries it played a part in the (12) of business cycles and in the theory of foreign (13) rates. The (14) theory came under attack during the 1930s, (15) monetary expansion seemed ineffective in combating deflation.Economists argued that the levels of investment and government spending were more important than the money supply in determining economic activity. The tide of opinion (16) again in the 1960s, when experience (17) post-World WarⅡ inflation and new empirical (18) of money and prices— (19) A、Monetary History of the United States (1963) by Milton Friedman andAnna Schwartz—restored much of the quantity theory’ s lost prestige. One implication of this theory is that the size of the stock of money must be considered when shaping governmental policies (20) to control prices and maintain full employment. A．accumulation B．earn C．spending D．disposal

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题： A．by B．without C．not D．with

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：关于中枢化学感受器的叙述，下列哪项是错误的 A．位于延髓腹外侧浅表部位 B．可以分为头、中、尾三个区 C．头端和尾端区都有化学感受器 D．生理刺激是CO2

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第4题：Sleep is a funny thing. We’ re taught that we should get seven or eight hours a night, but a lot of us get by just fine on less, and some of us actually sleep too much. A、study out of the University ofBuffalo last month reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to die of stroke—probably as a result of an underlying disorder that keeps them from snoozing soundly. Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously sleep depriveD、When I was training to become a doctor, it was not unusual to work 40 hours in a row without rest. Most of us took it in stride, confident we could still deliver the highest quality of medical care. Maybe we shouldn’t have been so sure of ourselves.An article in the Journal of theAmerican MedicalAssociation points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a person’ s motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is legally intoxicateD、Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence is grounds for dismissal often don’t think twice about operating without enough sleep. "I could tell you horror stories, ’ says JayaAgrawal, president of theAmerican Medical StudentAssociation, which runs a website where residents can post anonymous anecdotes. Some are terrifying. "I was operating after being up for over 36 hours," one writes. "I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly face planted into the wounD、" "Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work, "writes another. "I know of three who have hit parked cars.Another hit a convenience store on the roadside, going [1051an/h]." "Your own patients have become the enemy," writes a third," because they are the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep." Agrawal’ s organization is supporting the Patient and Physician Safety and ProtectionAct of 2001, introduced last November by Representative JohnConyers Jr. of Michigan. Its key provisions, modeled on New York State’ s regulations, include an 80-hour workweek and a 24hour work-shift limit. Most doctors, however, resist such interference.Dr.CharlesBinkley, a senior surgery resident at the University of Michigan, agrees that something needs to be done but believes" doctors should be bound by their conscience, not by the government." The U. S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers.But until such a system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If you’re worried about the people treating you, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have haD、Doctors, for their part, have to give up their pose of infallibility and get the rest they neeD、 In the last paragraph ,the expression".., patients are on their own" most probably means A、patients are alone when they are in hospital. B、patients will try their luck on their doctors’ health. C．patients will have some problems related to them, rather than other people. D．patients will make their decisions for themselves.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第5题：以色列议会于2004年10月26日通过了沙龙总理提出的计划。根据计划，以色列将在2005年底前撤出加沙地带所有的犹太人定居点和约旦河西岸4个定居点。这一计划称为： A．双边行动计划　 B．单边行动计划 C．“路线图”计划 D．中东和平计划

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题：设f(x)为单调可导函数，其反函数为g(x)，且已知f(1)=2， 求g"(2)．

【分析题】：

第7题：多巴胺 A．可激动心肌β1受体，也具有释放去甲肾上腺素作用 B．激动多巴胺受体，使肾和肠系膜血管舒张 C．一般剂量对心率影响不明显 D．有排钠利尿作用 E．不易通过血脑脊液屏障

【多选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第8题：For years, smokers have been exhorted to take the initiative and quit: use a nicotine patch, chew nicotine gum, take a prescription medication that can help, call a help line, just say no.But a new study finds that stopping is seldom an individual decision. Smokers tend to quit in groups, the study finds, which means smoking cessation programs should work best if they focus on groups rather than individuals. It also means that people may help many more than just themselves by quitting: quitting can have a ripple effect prompting an entire social network to break the habit. The study, byDr. NicholasChristakis of Harvard Medical School and James Fowler of the University ofCalifornia, SanDiego, followed thousands of smokers and nonsmokers for 32 years, from 1971 until 2003, studying them as part of a large network of relatives, co-workers, neighbors, friends and friends of friends. It was a time when the percentage of adult smokers in the United States fell to 21 percent from 45 percent.As the investigators watched the smokers and their social networks, they saw what they said was a striking effect—smokers had formed little social clusters and, as the years went by, entire clusters of smokers were stopping en masse. So were clusters of clusters that were only loosely connecteD、Dr.Christakis described watching the vanishing clusters as like lying on your back in a field, looking up at stars that were burning out. "It’s not like one little star turning off at a time," he said,"Whole constellations are blinking off at once. " As cluster after cluster of smokers disappeared, those that remained were pushed to the margins of society, isolated, with fewer friends, fewer social connections. "Smokers used to be the center of the party,"Dr. Fowler said, "but now they’ve become wallflowers." "We’ve known smoking was bad for your physical health," he said,"But this shows it also is bad for your social health. Smokers are likely to drive friends away. " "There is an essential public health message," said Richard Suzman, director of the office of behavioral and social research at the National Institute onAging, which financed the study. "Obviously, people have to take responsibility for their behavior," Mr. Suzman saiD、"But a social environment," he added, "can just overpower free will. " With smoking, that can be a good thing, researchers noteD、But there also is a sad side.AsDr. Steven Sehroeder of the University ofCalifornia, San Francisco, pointed out in an editorial accompanying the paper, "a risk of the marginalization of smoking is that it further isolates the group of people with the highest rate of smoking—persons with mental illness, problems with substance abuse, or both. \ Which of the following statements is true according to the opening paragraphA．Smokers have been prevented from quit smoking for years. B．It is rare that smokers make a decision to quit. C．It is preferable to abstain from smoking in groups. D．Nonsmoker could be affected because of the ripple effects.

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第9题：甲于某日晨在路边捡回一名弃婴，抚养了3个月后，声称是自己的亲生儿子，以4千元将弃婴卖出。甲的行为构成( )。 A．遗弃罪 B．拐卖儿童罪 C．诈骗罪 D．拐骗儿童罪

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第10题：

【单选题】： A     B     C     D