| 考研易错题（2019/3/16） |
| 第1题：{{B}}Text 4{{/B}} The one thing this different group had in common was that most of them had sought the protection of the PCC、over the past decade. Their principal tormentors, the editors of the nation’s tabloid newspapers, were there in force to greet their victims, so it was not surprising that a certain tremble swirled around the party. That so many prominent upper circles turned up to devour the PCC’s canape5 and rub shoulders with the royals is. no doubt, a triumph for its chairman. Lord Wakeham. He can fairly claim to have restored confidence in self-regulation and saved the press from privacy legislation.A、skilled political fixer, he has used his chairmanship m pressure the press barons such as Rupert Murdoch into enclosing their editors. The PCC’s code of conduct, drawn up by a panel of editors, is generally observeD、Press standards have improved and complaints have fallen by nearly a third over the past five years. The industry, which not so long ago was said to be "{{U}}drinking in the last-chance saloon{{/U}}", with self-regulation in terminal disrepute, is grateful. The party was meant m celebrate this success. The soap stars and the models, judging by the amount of drink going down their throats, certainly 9njoyed themselves, as did the editors.But whether PrinceCharles and Prince William were wise to associate themselves with this lot is doubtful. "Never sup with the enemy" is a good motto.At least the royals could tell who to avoid because all the guests had name tabs. Lord Wakeham, who helped get rid of Lady Thatcher without her even knowing, is a skilled operator.But this luxury party has given an opening to those critics who claim he is too close to the industry and too protective of the powerful. "We’re here to protect the vulnerable" was the slogan of a big banner that greeted the guests. That was not the main impression the evening made on the minds of those who staggered out of the grandeur of Somerset House, high on champagne and celebrity. The truly vulnerable were nowhere to be seen. |
| 第2题：For TonyBlair, home is a messy sort of place, where the prime minister’s job is not to uphold eternal values but to force through some unpopular changes that may make the country work a bit better. The area where this is most obvious, and where it matters most, is the public services. MrBlair faces a difficulty here which is partly of his own making.By focusing his last election campaign on the need to improve hospitals, schools, transport and policing, he built up expectations. MrBlair has said many times that reforms in the way the public services work need to go alongside increases in cash. MrBlair has made his task harder by committing a classic negotiating error. Instead of extracting concessions from the other side before promising his own, he has pledged himself to higher spending on public services without getting a commitment to change from the unions. Why, given that this pledge has been made, should the health unions give ground in return In a speech on March 20th, GordonBrown, the chancellor of the exchequer, said that "the something-for-nothing days are over in our public services and there can be no blank cheques."But the government already seems to have given health workers a blank cheque. Nor are other ministries conveying quite the same message as the treasury. On March 19th, John Hutton, a health minister, announced that cleaners and catering staff in new privately-funded hospitals working for the National Health service will still be government employees, entitled to the same pay and conditions as other health-service workers. Since one of the main ways in which the government hopes to reform the public sector is by using private providers, and since one of the main ways in which private providers are likely to be able to save money is by cutting labor costs, this move seems to undermine the government’s strategy. Now the government faces its hardest fight. The police need reforming more than any other public service. Half of them, for instance, retire early, at a cost of ￡1 billion (＄1.4% billion) a year to the taxpayer. The police have voted 10--1 against proposals from the home secretary,DavidBlunkett, to reform their working practices. This is a fight the government has to win. If the police get away with it, other public-service workers will reckon they can too.And, if they all get away it, MrBlair’s domestic policy--which is what voters are most likely to judge him on a the next election--will be a failure. The views of GordonBrown and John Hutton on public services reforms areA．similar. B．dubious. C．opposite. D．identical. |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第3题：利用聚合酶链反应扩增特异DNA序列的重要原因之一是反应体系内存在
A．特异RNA模板 B．DNA聚合酶 C．特异DNA引物 D．特异RNA引物 |
| 【单选题】： |
| 第4题：{{B}}Text 2{{/B}} Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continent’s economy has been doing fairly well with SouthAfrica, the economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Some ofAfrica’s long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war inCongo, have endeD、Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in LiberiA、 Yet there is no shortage of downers too. Most ofAfrica remains dirt poor.Crises in places likeCote d’ Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solveD、And the democratic credentials ofEthiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock.AIDS killed over gmAfricans in 2005, and will kill more this year. So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance Meril James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the survey’s optimism rankings and reality.Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whether their lot gets better or not. On the other hand, Greece--hardly the worst place on earth--tops the gloom and doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France. Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of tenAfricans are religious, the highest proportion in the worlD、But cynics argue that mostAfricans believe that 2006 will be golden because things have been so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo andAfghanistan, rank among the top five optimists. Moussaka for thought for those depressed Greeks. |
| 第5题：关于泌尿系梗阻，下列哪项是错误的
A．泌尿系任何部位都可发生梗阻，梗阻持续加重，可导致’肾功能损害 B．急性完全性梗阻可形成巨大肾积水 C．膀胱以上梗阻肾积水进展快，但一般仅一侧肾脏受影响 D．膀胱以下梗阻一般累及双侧肾脏，但对肾的影响较慢 |
| 【单选题】： |