| 考研易错题（2019/5/15） |
| 第1题：The willingness of doctors at several major medical centers to apologize .to patients for harmful errors is a promising step toward improving the rather disappointing quality of a medical system that kills tens of thousands of innocent patients a year inadvertently. For years, experts have lamented that medical malpractice litigation is an inefficient way to deter lethal or damaging medical errors. What they noticed, simply put it, is that most victims of malpractice never sue, and there is some evidence that many patients who do sue were not harmed by a physician’s error but instead suffered an adverse medical outcome that could not have been preventeD、The details of what went wrong are often kept secret as part of a settlement agreement. What is needed, many specialists agree, is a system that quickly brings an error to light so that further errors can be headed off and that compensates victims promptly and fairly. Many doctors, unfortunately, have been afraid that admitting and describing their errors would only invite a costly lawsuit. Now, as described by Kevin Sack in The Times, a handful of prominent academic medical centers have adopted a new policy of promptly disclosing errors, offering earnest apologies and providing fair compensation. It appears to satisfy many patients, reduce legal costs and the litigation burden and, in some instances, helps reduce malpractice premiums. Here are some examples from colleges of the United States: at the University of Illinois, of 37 cases where the hospital acknowledged a preventable error and apologized, only one patient filed suit; at the University of Michigan Health System, existing claims and lawsuits dropped from 262 inAugust 2001 to 83 inAugust 2007, and legal costs fell by two-thirds. To encourage greater candor, more than 30 states have enacted laws making apologies for medical errors inadmissible in court. That sounds like a sensible step that should be adopted by other states or become federal law. Such laws could help bring more errors to light. Patients who have been harmed by negligent doctors can still sue for malpractice, using other evidence to make their case. Admitting errors is only the first step toward reforming the health care system so that far fewer mistakes are made.But reforms can be more effective if doctors are candid about how they went astray. Patients seem far less angry when they receive an. honest explanation, an apology and prompt, fair compensation for the harm they have suffereD、 From the last paragraph, we can infer thatDoctors should describe the way they made mistakes in order to______. A、admit malpractices first B、make less medical mistakes C、avoid lawsuitsD、be forgiven |
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| 第2题：下列句子中，没有因词序不当而产生歧义的一句是： A．三个学校的领导研究这件事。 B．最早的中国人自办的报纸《昭文新报》，1873年在汉口出版。 C．刘雄是来自中国农村的世界中学生数学奥林匹克竞赛的第一块金牌的得主。 D．凡大学本科毕业或具有同等学力，身体健康，年龄在三十五岁以下者，均可报名。 |
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| 第3题： A、put B．posed C．forced D．made |
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| 第4题： 班干部都参加了奥运志愿服务，小赵也参加了奥运志愿服务，所以，小赵是班干部。 以下哪项中的推理与上文中的最相似 A．班干部都参加了奥运志愿服务，小刘没有参加奥运志愿服务，所以，小刘不是班干部。 B．高一(2)班排名前10的都考上了大学，小赵考上了大学，所以，小赵在高一(2)班排名在前5。 C．2008年以后购买的电脑都安装了Vista系统，我的电脑安装了Vista系统，所以，我的电脑是2008年以后购买的。 D．学习成绩差的大学生不能参加国庆节广场联欢，小刘参加了国庆节广场联欢，所以，小刘成绩一定不错。 |
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| 第5题：治疗缩窄性心包炎有效的措施足
A．抗结核治疗 B．利尿剂 C．强的松 D．心包剥离术 E．血管扩张剂 |
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