考研考试

根据网考网考试中心的统计分析，以下试题在2019/5/19日考研习题练习中，答错率较高，为：49%
【分析解答题】The first mention of slavery in the statutes of theEnglish colonies of NorthAmerica does not occur until after 1660--some forty years after the importation of the firstBlack people. Lest we think that slavery existed in fact before it did in law, Oscar and Mary Simon assure us that the status ofBlack people down to the 1660’s was that of servants. (46)
A、critique of the Simons’ interpretation of why legal slavery did not appear until the 1660’s suggests that assumptions about the relation between slavery and racial prejudice should be reexamined, and that explanations for the different treatment ofBlack slaves in North and SouthAmerica should be expandeD、
(47) The Simons explain the appearance of legal slavery by contending that, during the 1660’s, the position of White servants was improving relative to that ofBlack servants. Thus, the Simons argue,Black and White servants, heretofore treated alike, each attained a different status. There are, however, important objections to this argument. First, the Simons cannot adequately demonstrate that the White servant’s position was improving during and after the 1660’s; several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures indicate otherwise.Another flaw in the Simons’ interpretation is their assumption that prior to the establishment of legal slavery there was no discrimination againstBlack people. It is true that before the 1660’sBlack people were rarely called slaves.But this should not overshadow evidence from the 1630’s on that points to racial discrimination without using the term slavery. Such discrimination sometimes stopped short of lifetime servitude or inherited status--the two attributes of true slavery--yet in other cases it included both. (48) The Simons’ argument excludes the real possibility thatBlack people in theEnglish colonies were never treated as the equals of White people.
This possibility has important ramifications. (49) If from the outsetBlack people were discriminated against, then legal slavery should be viewed as a reflection and an extension of racial prejudice rather than, as many historians including the Simons have argued, the cause of prejudice. In addition, the existence of discrimination before the advent of legal slavery offers a further explanation for the harsher treatment ofBlack slaves in North than in SouthAmeric
A、(50) Frey and Terry have rightly argued that the lack of certain traditions in NorthAmerica--such as a Roman conception of slavery and a RomanCatholic emphasis on equality--explains why the treatment ofBlack slaves was more severe there than in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies of SouthAmeric
A、But this cannot be the whole explanation since it is merely negative, based only on a lack of something.

，答错率：49%
网考网试题解析：
试题答案：如果从一开始黑人就受到歧视，那么法律上的奴隶制就应被视作是种族偏见的一种反映与延伸，而非如包括西蒙夫妇在内的众多历史学家所认为的是种族偏见的起因。 答案解析：[考点解析] 句段 译文 If from the outset Black people were discriminated against 如果从一开始黑人就受到歧视 then legal slavery should be viewed as a reflection and an extension of racial prejudice 那么法律上的奴隶制就应被视作种族偏见的一种反映与延伸 rather than, as many historians including the Simons have argued 而非如包括西蒙夫妇在内的众多历史学家所认为的 the cause of prejudice (种族)偏见的起因 ·主句为“legal slavery should be viewed as…rather than…”，可译为“法律上的奴隶制应被视作是……而非是……”。 ·“as many historians…”可翻译在rather than之后，译为“而非如众多历史学家……”。 [词汇释义] ·outset最初，开始 ·discriminate歧视 ·extension延伸，扩充 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>