考研习题练习

考研每日一练(2019/5/22)
1题:在一个兼顾分时操作系统和批处理系统的系统中,通常把终端作业称为前台作业,而把批处理型作业称为后台作业。
【判断题】:  

2题: 周庭是一名数学家,袁智是一名计算机编程专家。其实所有的编程专家都是数学家。我们知道,今天国内大多数综合型大学都在培育着计算机编程专家。据此我们可以认定 ( )
A.袁智是由综合大学培养的
B.大多数计算机编程专家是由综合型大学培养的
C.周庭并不是毕业于综合大学的
D.有些数学家是计算机编程专家
【单选题】:      

3题:急性肺水肿典型的胸部X线表现为
A.双肺纹理增粗
B.肺门舞蹈征
C.双肺纹理减轻
D.双肺门蝶形阴影
【单选题】:      

4题:All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and all developmental changes result from two basic, though complex, processes: learning and maturation. Since the two processes almost always interact, it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’’s development.Clearly, growth in height is not learned but depends on maturation, a biological process.But improvements in motor activities such as walking, depend on maturation and learning, and the interaction between them.  What, then, are maturation and learningDevelopmental psychologists are not entirely in agreement, though there is a common core of accepted meaning. Thus all definitions of maturation stress organic processes or structural changes occurring within an individual’’s body that are relatively independent of external environmental conditions, experiences, or practice.By maturation it is meant development of the organism as a function of time, or age.  Learning has also been defined in diverse ways, but the term generally refers to changes in behavior or performance as a consequence of experience. Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through training procedures as distinguished from changes not attributable to training.  
A、number of important and stimulating theories of learning have been proposed, each with its own set of principles and hypotheses for explaining the learning process. For our purposes, we do not need to be concerned with the specific details of the learning process, even though learning plays the most important role in most aspects of development and change. We shall employ only a few generally accepted principles of learning in this discussion.  Specifically, we accept the principle that a child will learn a response more effectively and more thoroughly if he is motivated to learn it. Moreover, he will learn a response better if he is rewarded for learning it.According to this view, the more a response is rewarded, the stronger it becomes and the more likely it is to be repeate
D、Although most learning involves motivation and reward, I believe some learning does occur without them.  As for the interrelationships between maturation and learning process, a general principle may be provided: maturation is essential to learning. As is stated in the text, learning
A、is generally a complex physiological process.

B、has nothing to do with organic development
C.is mostly independent of one’’s surroundings.

D、concerns the gaining of knowledge or skill.
【单选题】:      

5题:Real policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV.
The first difference is that a policeman’s real life revolves found criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and-rain, running down a street after someone he wants to talk to.
Little of his time is spent in chatting, he will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty of stupid, petty crimes.
Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal: as soon as he’s arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem.Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist attacks little effort is spent on searching.
Having made an arrest, a detective really starts to work. He has to prove his case in court and to do that he often has to gather a lot of difference evidence.
The third big difference between the drama detective and the real one is the unpleasant pressures, first, as members of a police force they always have to behave absolutely in accordance with the law~ secondly, as expensive public servants they have to get results. They can hardly ever do both. Most of the time some of them have to break the rules in small ways.
If the detective has to deceive the world, the world often deceives him. Hardly anyone he meets tells him the truth.And this separation the detective feels between himself and the rest of the world is deepened by the simple-mindedness--as he sees it--of citizens, social workers, doctors, law-makers, and judges, who, instead of eliminating crime punish the criminals less severely in the hope that this will make them reform. The result, detectives feel, is that nine-tenths of their work is recatching people who should have stayed behind bars. This makes them rather cynical.
What’s the policeman’s biggest headacheA.He has to justify his arrests while unable to provide sufficient evidence in most cases.
B.He has to provide the best possible public service at the least possible expense.
C.He has to get the most desirable results without breaking the law in any way.
D.He can hardly find enough time to learn criminal law while burdened with numerous criminal cases.
【单选题】:      

6题:
其中f(x)具有连续导数,且f(0)=0.
(Ⅰ) 确定c的值,使F(x)连续;(Ⅱ) 在(Ⅰ)的结果下,问F’(x)是否连续
【分析题】:

7题: The New Madrid fault is______.
A.a horizontal fault
B.a vertical fault
C.a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault
D.responsible for forming the Mississippi River
【单选题】:      

8题:设随机变量X和Y相互独立,X在区间(0,2)上服从均匀分布,Y服从参数为1的指数分布,则概率PX+Y>1=______.
A.1-1/2e
B.1-e
C.e
D.2e
【单选题】:      

9题:Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion--a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kinD、For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.
In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation.Emotions structure the world for us in important ways.As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us--hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations coloured by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions arc "good" and others are "bad", and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social life--from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals when perform important tasks such as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such flying fighter planes in a war, and Uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.
It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependen on______.A.the ability to make money
B.the will to work for pleasure
C.the capacity to enjoy incentives
D.the categorizations of our emotional experiences
【单选题】:      

10题:“心情愉快,则感到”光阴似箭”,心情抑郁,则感到“度日如年”。这表明:
A.时间是人的主观感觉
B.时间是随人的感觉的变化而变化
C.时间的具体特性是可变的
D.人的时问观念具有相对性和主体性
【单选题】:      

 

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