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易错题：{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} Research

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根据网考网考试中心的统计分析，以下试题在2019/7/14日考研习题练习中，答错率较高，为：48%
【单选题】{{B}}Text 3{{/B}}

Research is commonly divided into "applied" and "pure". This classification is arbitrary and loose, but what is usually meant is that applied research is a deliberate investigation of a problem of practical importance, in contradistinction to pure research done to gain knowledge for its own sake. The pure scientist may be said to accept as an act of faith that any scientific knowledge is worth pursuing for its own sake, and, if pressed, he usually claims that in most instances it is eventually found to be useful. Most of the greatest discoveries, such as the discovery of electricity, X-rays, radium and atomic energy, originated from pure research, which allows the worker to follow unexpected, interesting clues without the intention of achieving results of practical value. In applied research it is the project which is given support, whereas in pure research it is the man. However, often the distinction between pure and applied research is a superficial one as it may merely depend on whether or not the subject investigated is one of practical importance, For example, the investigation of the life cycle of a protozoon in a pond is pure research, but if the protozoon studied is a parasite of man or domestic animal the research would be termed applieD、A、more fundamental differentiation, which corresponds only very roughly with the applied and pure classification is (a) that in which the objective is given and the means of obtaining it are sought, and (b) that in which the discovery is first made and then a use for it is sought.
There exists in some circles a certain amount of intellectual snobbery and tendency to look contemptuously, on applied investigation. This attitude is based on the following two false ideas: that new knowledge is only discovered by pure research while applied research merely seeks to apply knowledge already available, and that pure research is a higher intellectual activity because it requires greater scientific ability and is more difficult.Both these ideas are quite wrong. Important new knowledge has frequently arisen from applied investigation; for instance, the science of bacteriology originated largely from Pasteur’s investigations of practical problem in the beer, wine and silkworm industries. Usually it is more difficult to get results in applied research than in pure research, because the worker has to stick to and solve a given problem instead of following any promising clue that may turn up.Also in applied research most fields have already been well worked over and many of the easy and obvious things have been done.Applied research should not be confused with the routine practice of some branch of science where only the application of existing knowledge is attempteD、There is need for both pure and applied research for they tend to be complementary.
Which of the following most accurately describe the pattern of the textA．The author first refutes the classification of research and then criticizes the intellectual snobbery and tendency to look down on the one of the two.
B．The author first refutes the classification of research into the pure and the applied and then presents his own classification.
C．The author first refutes the classification of research and then points out that the classification results from two false ideas.
D．The author first points out the practical importance of applied research and then criticizes those who look down on applied research.

网考网参考答案：A，答错率：48%
网考网试题解析：
本题问下面哪一个准确地描述了文章的结构。这篇文章第一段驳斥了对研究的分类，第二段批判了有些人对应用研究的轻视，与[A]“作者首先驳斥了研究的分类，然后批评了知识界的势利和对两种研究之一的轻视”吻合。 [B]作者首先否定了把研究分为理论的和应用的两种分类，然后提出了自己的分类：前半句正确，后半句错误，作者自己并未对科学研究提出自己的分类。 [C]作者首先否定了对于研究的分类，然后指出了这种分类源于两种错误思想：前半句正确，后半句错误，第二段提到的两种思想是人们看不起应用研究的原因，不是这样分类的原因。 [D]作者首先指出应用研究的实用价值，然后批评那些瞧不起应用研究的人：前半句就发生了错误，作者在前半部分并没有强调应用研究的实用性。 document.getElementById("warp").style.display="none"; document.getElementById("content").style.display="block"; 查看试题解析出处>>

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