考研每日一练（2019/9/4）

第1题：It has been a wretched few weeks forAmerica’s. celebrity bosses.AIG’s Maurice Greenberg has been dramatically ousted from the firm through which he dominated global insurance for decades.At Morgan Stanley a mutiny is forcing Philip Purcell, a boss used to getting his own way, into an increasingly desperate campaign to save his skin.AtBoeing, Harry Stonecipher was called out of retirement to lead the scandal-hit firm and raise ethical standards, only to commit a lapse of his own, being sacked for sending e-mails to a lover who was also an employee.Carly Fiorina was the most powerful woman in corporateAmerica until a few weeks ago, when Hewlett-Packard (HP) sacked her for poor performance. The fate ofBernieEbbers is much grimmer. The once high-profile boss of WorldCom could well spend the rest of his life behind bars following his conviction last month on fraud charges. In different ways, each of these examples appears to point to the same welcome conclusion: that the imbalance in corporate power of the late 1990s, when many bosses were allowed to behave like absolute monarchs, has been correcteD、Alas, appearances can be deceptive. While each of these recent tales of chief-executive woo is a sis of progress, none provides much evidence that the crisis inAmerican corporate governance is yet over. In fact, each of these cases is an example of failed, not successful, governance. At the very least, the beards of both Morgan Stanley and HP were far too slow to address their bosses’ inadequacies. The record of theBoeing beard in picking chiefs prone to ethical lapses is too long to be dismissed as mere bad luck. The fall of Messrs Greenberg andEbbers, meanwhile, highlights the growing role of government-and in particular, of criminal prosecutors in holding bosses to account: a development that is, at best, a mixed blessing. The Sarbanes-Oxley act, passed in haste following theEnron and WorldCom scandals, is imposing heavy costs onAmerican companies; whether these are exceeded by any benefits is the subject of fierce debate and may not be known for years. Eliot Spitzer, New York’s attorney-general, is the leading advocate and practitioner of an energetic "law enforcement" approach. He may be right that the recent burst of punitive actions has been good for the economy, even if some of his own decisions have been open to question. Where he is undoubtedly right is in arguing that corporateAmerica has done a lamentable job of governing itself.As he says in an article in the Wall Street Journal this week: "The hour cede amongCEOs didn’t work.Board oversight didn’t work. Ser-regulation was a complete failure."AIG’s board, for example, did nothing about Mr Greenberg’s use of murky accounting, or the conflicts posed by his use of offshore vehicles, or his constant bullying of his critics let alone the firm’s alleged participation in bid-rigging--until Mr Spitzer threatened a criminal prosecution that might have destroyed the firm. As for the issues involved in the economy,Eliot Spitzer would be in favor of______. A、"law enforcement" approach B、decisions open to question C、the hour code amongCEOs D、board oversight and self-regulation

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第2题：根据刑法的规定，破坏交通工具罪的法定对象有______。 A．火车、汽车、电车、拖拉机 B．汽车、电车、船只、摩托车 C．电车、船只、航空器、火车轨道 D．船只、航空器、火车、汽车、电车

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第3题：

【分析题】：

第4题：下列哪一项不是致痿的主要原因 A．心火亢盛，水火不济 B．湿热浸淫，气血不足 C．肺热伤津，津液不布 D．脾胃亏虚，精微不输 E．肝肾亏损，筋髓不荣

【单选题】： A     B     C     D     E

第5题： A、"greenhouse effect" will raise the earth’’s temperature enough by the year 2100 to cause dramatic climate changes, increase sea levels and disrupt food production, United States scientists said this week.　　The earth’’s atmosphere is heating at a rate that could mean temperature rises of two degrees centigrade by the middle of the 21st century and five degrees centigrade by the year 2100, according to a report issued by the US government’’sEnvironmental ProtectionAgencyEPA、.　　"Substantial increases in global warming may occur sooner than most of us would like to believe," theEP A、saiD、　　The agency said the first effects might be felt as early as 1990, because temperatures would be rising more than seven times faster each decade between now and the year 2100 than they had been for the past 100 years.　　"Temperature increases are likely to be accompanied by dramatic changes in precipitation and storm patterns and a rise in global average sea level," theEP A、report saiD、　　"As a result," the agency said, "agricultural conditions will be significantly altered, environmental and economic systems potentially disrupteD、"　　TheEP A、report said the burning of fossil fuels was directly responsible for most of the atmosphere build-up of carbon dioxide but the current concentration is so great that even a worldwide ban on the use of such fuels would delay the warming effect for only a few years.　　" A、warmer climate will raise sea levels by heating and expanding the world’’s oceans and causing glaciers to melt," theEP A、saiD、　　The agency estimated that sea levels could rise anything between 48 to 380 cm in the next 120 years.　　"An increase of even 48 cm could flood or cause storm damage to many of the major ports of the world, disrupt transportation networks, alter underwater ecology systems and cause major shifts in land development patterns."　　One study cited in the report suggested that if the average global temperature rose by 2.5 degrees centigrade, regional climatic conditions might be similar to those during the last interglacial period 120,000 years ago.　　During this period, oceans were five to seven metres higher than today’’s, flooding the shores ofEurope and western Siberia and making Scandinavia an islanD、　　The agency said that while the warming trend could have some beneficial effects, such as reducing heating costs and improving climate and growing seasons in some parts of the world, there would be difficulty in redirecting national economies to adapt to the new climate patterns.　　TheEP A、said it seemed unlikely that the nations of the world would reach a consensus on step to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Instead, it urged more research on the greenhouse effect and stressed the need for better planning to cope with the changes the warming trend is expected to produce. Which of the points below is NOT given in the news report A、After all, people will benefit much from the greenhouse effect. B．World nations disagree on ways to lessenCO2 discharge. C、Further study on warming effect is strongly recommendeD、 D．Elaborate designing for tackling greenhouse problem is emphasizeD、

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第6题：简述科举制与学校的关系以及科举制的历史影响。

【分析题】：

第7题：Your eye is a window on the nerves and blood vessels, revealing vital information about your entire body.An (1) exam starts from the outside and works in. First the ophthalmologist (眼科医生) gauges (2) with the familiar wall chart and checks visual field by moving objects in and out of (3) . A、limited visual field could be the (4) of the high inner eye pressure of glaucoma(青光眼)or (5) a tumor pressing on nerves leading from the eye. The physician also checks for infection around the lashes and notes how fast the lids follow the eyes downwarD、Lid lag sometimes (6) thyroid disease (甲状腺疾病). If one pupil contracts (7) the other doesn’t, the physician is (8) to the fact that (9) a tumor or stroke, perhaps, has damaged the nerves between the eye and brain. A、tumor as far away (10) the lung can cause capillary problems by hitting a nerve that loops through the neck. The white of the eye, tear ducts, lens and retina (视网膜) are checked for (11) of trouble. Too many white blood cells (12) inflammation, blood means tissue has tom or a vessel has burst, and deposits of (13) material can mean eye disease. The orange-red retina holds many more (14) for disease detection. High blood pressure may announce its (15) by pushing the vessels off track at their intersections. (16) vessel growth is a sign of diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病性视网膜病). Narrowed vessels may indicate (17) of the arteries, and damage to tiny capillaries could be a sign of early diabetes. The doctor even examines the pin-head-size hole in the back of the optic nerve on their way to the brain. (18) the appearance of these nerve fibers is abnormal, nerve tissue may have been damaged because of intraocular pressure, indicating glaucoma or the presence of a tumor. When a physician needs quick, (19) information about the body, the eyes have (20) . A、effect B．infer C．signify D．cause

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第8题：前额连眉棱骨痛属 A．阳明经头痛 B．厥阴经头痛 C．少阳经头痛 D．太阳经头痛

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第9题：Nuclear fission is the splitting of the nucleus of an atom. Only a few elements are suitable for use in this way, the most important ones being Uranium-235, Uranium-233, and Plutonium-239. When a nucleus of one of these elements is struck by a free neutron it breaks down into two lighter nuclei which fly apart at high speed, colliding with surrounding atoms. Their kinetic energy is converted into heat energy.At the same time, two or three free neutrons are released and one of them enters the nucleus of a neighbouring atom, causing fission to occur again; and so on. The reaction spreads very quickly, with more and more heat energy releaseD、This is called a "chain" reaction because the splitting of each nucleus is linked to another, and another and another. If this reaction takes place in an atomic bomb, where nothing is done to slow it down, the result is a violent explosion that can destroy a town in a few seconds. Fission can also, however, take place within a construction called a nuclear reactor, or atomic pile. Here the highly fissile material (U-235, U-233, Pu-239) is surrounded by a substance that is non-fissile, for instance graphite. This material is called a moderator. The neutrons lose some of their energy and speed through colliding with the atoms of the moderator.Energy—heat energy—is still created on an enormous scale, but no expansion takes place. The moderator has another function: by slowing down the speed of the free neutrons, it makes it more likely that one of them will collide with the nucleus of a neighbouring atom to continue the chain reaction. The chief advantage of nuclear energy is that it does not depend on any local factors. A、nuclear reactor, unlike an oil-well or a coalmine, does not have to be sited on top of a fossil-fuel source; unlike the solar energy unit, it does not have to go out of production when the sun is not shining; unlike hydro-electric power, it does not depend on a large flow of water which may be reduced during some seasons of the year. With an atomic power station, the only limiting factor is that of safety. In the opposite process, nuclear fusion, two nuclei come together, to form a new nucleus of a different kind and this process also releases energy on an enormous scale. Fusion can only occur under conditions of very great heat—at least 50000000 degreesCelsius. (The temperature at the centre of the sun is estimated as 130000000 degreesCelsius.) A、fusion reaction on earth has already been created—the hydrogen bomB、This is an uncontrolled reaction. It is not yet possible to produce a controlled fusion reaction that can be used for the production of useful energy. Nuclear energy can be thought of as a kind of square, Three of the quarters of the square are known and used, but the fourth cannot yet be useD、 Which of the following headings is that of Paragraph Two A、Nuclear Fusion B．The Nuclear FissionChain Reaction C．Uncontrolled and Moderated Nuclear Reactions D．TheAdvantages of NuclearEnergy

【单选题】： A     B     C     D

第10题：引起女子胞生理功能失调病机，主要是指 A．心、肝、脾、肾功能障碍 B．气血不和 C．冲、任气血不足 D．督、带经气失和

【多选题】： A     B     C     D